Phoswich探测器的重离子束测试

利用一套由１ｍｍ厚的ＰＩＬＯＴ－Ｕ和４０ｍｍ厚的ＮＥ１１５塑料闪烁体组成的Ｐｈｏｓｗｉｃｈ（光叠层望远镜）探测器测量了４０Ａｒ（２５ＭｅＶ／ｕ）＋１９７Ａｕ反应中出射的产物，粒子鉴别采用Ｐｈｏｓｗｉｃｈ的快慢成分方法．结果表明该方法能清楚地分辨出粒子的电荷．对Ｚ＝１的粒子，ｐ、ｄ和ｔ亦能分开．     

用于中能重离子碰撞研究的三套Phoswich

本文介绍了三套由１ｍｍ的ＰＩＬＯＴ Ｕ型快塑料闪烁体和４０ｍｍ的ＮＥ１１５慢塑料闪烁体组成的Ｐｈｏｓｗｉｃｈ。用＾６０Ｃｏγ射线测得探测器的时间分辨为４００ｐｓ。Ｐｈｏｓｗｉｃｈ测到的粒子能量范围也进行了计算。     

用于放射性惰性气体总β测量的组合探测器的厚度的确定

确定用于放射性情性气体总β测量的组合探测器塑料闪烁体和BGO的厚度。利用MCNP4C程序软件对塑料闪烁体和BGO组成的100种厚度的组合探测器,4种不同能量的γ光子的计数率进行计算,选择出一组使塑料闪烁体和BGO对不同能量γ光子计数率最接近同比关系的厚度组合,从而实现扣除塑料闪烁体中的γ计数,测定放射性情性气体中总β计数的目的。结果表明,塑料闪烁体为1cm厚、BGO为3 cm厚时,可以为最终设计探测部件的尺寸提供重要参数。     

NaI、BGO、BaF_2、CsF和塑料闪烁体对1.5MeV以下γ射线的固有探测效率

闪烁体在γ测量中已广泛应用。NaI晶体早已用于γ探测。近年来又有一些新的闪烁体被用作γ探测器。主要有BGO(锗酸铋)、BaF_2和CsF。塑料闪烁体在某些情况下也用作γ测量。 这几种闪烁体中,NaI有最高的闪烁光产额,因而能量分辨率好。BGO是高Z高密度物质,γ探测效率高。CsF和塑料闪烁体都是快闪烁体,适于做快符合和高计数率测量。BaF_2除有     

超快长波塑料闪烁体

用苯乙烯和丙烯睛共聚(AS)作为闪烁体的基质,B-PBD,TBP和DCM作为添加剂制备了快速红光塑料闪烁体,闪烁体的荧光光谱峰值波长为610nm,发光衰减时间为2.57ns。用甲基丙烯酸甲酯与极性单体共聚作为闪烁体的基质,B-PBD,LDS821和LDS867作为添加剂,制备了超快近红外塑料闪烁体,闪烁体的荧光光谱峰值波长为800nm和820nm,发光衰减时间分别为2.22ns和0.95 ns。     

超快长波塑料闪烁体(英文)

用苯乙烯和丙烯睛共聚(AS)作为闪烁体的基质,B-PBD,TBP和DCM作为添加剂制备了快速红光塑料闪烁体,闪烁体的荧光光谱峰值波长为610nm,发光衰减时间为2.57ns,用甲基丙烯酸甲酯与极性单体共聚作为闪烁体的基质,B-PBD,LDS821和LDS867作为添加剂,制备了超快近红外塑料闪烁体,闪烁体的荧光光谱峰值波长为800nm和820nm,发光衰减时间分别为2.22ns和0.95ns。     

薄膜和纤维塑料闪烁体中子能响特性的Monte Carlo数值计算

根据中子与塑料闪烁体的作用机制及塑料闪烁体的荧光转换特性,研究了塑料闪烁体薄膜和塑料闪烁体纤维中子能响特性的Monte Carlo数值计算方法,给出了不同厚度的塑料闪烁体薄膜和不同直径的塑料闪烁体纤维对裂变能区中子的灵敏度计算结果,并对计算结果及其在电流型坪响应裂变中子探测器方面可能的应用进行了初步探讨。     

自研塑料闪烁体探测器中子/γ甄别能力测试

塑料闪烁体在中子探测领域具有重要应用前景。对于自研两种尺寸(?2.54 cm×2.54 cm、?5.08 cm×5.08 cm)的塑料闪烁体进行了测试。采用光电倍增管(Photomultiplier Tube,PMT)搭建了探测系统，利用高速示波器采集功能对自研塑料闪烁体进行能量刻度，通过测量¹³⁷Cs γ放射源的脉冲幅度谱并与MCNP5模拟谱对比，以获取康普顿边缘位置信息，实现准确的γ射线能量标定。利用电荷积分法对从241Am-Be中子源上获取的数据进行分析，采用品质因子(Figure Of Merit,FOM)、中子峰谷比、中子漏计数率等参数量化不同能区的n-γ甄别效果，对比自研塑料闪烁体相对于EJ-299-33A的探测效率。结果表明：?2.54 cm×2.54 cm自研塑料闪烁体相比于?5.08 cm×5.08 cm自研塑料闪烁体具有较高的FOM值；两种自研塑料闪烁体相对于EJ-299-33A的探测效率分别约为0.49和1.0，可见自研的?5.08 cm×5.08 cm塑料闪烁体与同尺寸的商用塑料闪烁体EJ-299-33A性能相当。     

长方塑料闪烁体光收集效率的研究

对长方塑料闪烁体的光收集效率进行了蒙特卡罗计算和实验测试。对于Ｃ１／Ｃ２高达４０的长方塑料闪烁体采用有空气层镜反射方式，光收集效率高，探测效率也高，是此类型闪烁体获高光收集效率的最佳方案．     

塑料闪烁体的自吸收对能量分辨率的影响

在能谱测量中,综合考虑塑料闪烁体的自吸收效应和α,β粒子在塑料闪烁体中的射程,选择适当厚度的塑料闪烁体,较显著地提高了能量分辨率。     

Preparation of Zn/TiO2 powder and its photocatalytic performance for oxidation of P-nitrophenol

Zn-doped TiO2 catalysts were prepared using a sol-gel method and characterized by XPS,UV-Vis, BET, XRD in this study. Under the irradiation of simulant sunlight, the photocatalytic activity for the degradation of p-nitrophenol was studied too. After irradiation for 2.5 h, the degradation percentage of p-nitrophenol could rise to more than 80 %. The results showed that the spectrum absorption band edge of Zn/TiO2 powder does not broaden obviously comparing with pure TiO2 powder. Zinc exists as Zn （11）. When calcined at 973 K, there is a new phase as ZnTiO3 in Zn/TiO2 catalyst. The order of photocatalytic activity of Zn/TiO2 catalysts calcined at different temperatures for p-nitrophenol is 773 K 〉 673 K 〉 873 K 〉 573 K 〉 973 K and the photocatalytic activity of Zn/TiO2 catalyst calcined at 773 K is better than TiO2 catalysts heated at the same temperature, and outclasses that of commercial TiO2 catalyst. It also showed that the photocatalytic degradation of p-nitrophenol follows first-order kinetics under the irradiation of simulant sunlight.     

Current status of radiation therapy for prostate cancer

Radiotherapy for the treatment of prostate cancer has been extensively explored in the past. Along with the comprehensive understanding of the biology of prostate cancer and rapid advances in terms of technology, the out- come of treatment for the patients with prostate cancer has improved. The authors review radiotherapy as the primary treatment for the disease, with particular emphasis on the technological advances from both the radiobiological and radiophysics aspects. Nonconventional fractionated irradiation like hyper- or hypo-fractionation has been imple- mented in the clinic, the final results still need to be confirmed in the future. Technological advances like IMRT, IGRT, in the last two decades have significantly improved the delivery of external radiotherapy to the prostate. This has re- sulted in an overall increase in the total dose that can be safely delivered to the prostate, which has led to modest im- provements in the biochemical outcome. However, establishing the standard therapy for prostate cancer remains con- troversial. It is hoped that the next decades will bring continued advances in the development of biologicals that will further improve current clinical outcomes.     

The control system for SSRF injection and extraction

This paper introduces the injection and extraction control system design for SSRF,which is a distributed control system aimed at stability and reliability of the pulse power supplies,PPS(Personnel Protection System)and MPS(Machine Protection System).The hardware environment is mainly based on PLC(Programmable Logic Con- troller),and ARM(Advanced RISC Machine)is also applied for studying stability of the power supplies.WinCC and EPICS(Experimental Physics and Industrial Control System)have been selected as the platforms of SCADA(Super- visory Control and Data Acquisition).For unifying the interfacing to the control computer,all front-end equipments are connected via Industrial Ethemet.     

水平管内含空气蒸汽强制对流冷凝换热模型研究

为研究含空气蒸汽在水平管内强制对流冷凝换热特性,基于对传热传质过程的分析,建立了管内为环状流与波状流条件下的流动冷凝换热模型。从潜热、显热和液膜3个环节对整个换热过程进行建模,最终得到计算局部冷凝换热系数的理论关系式。模型预测结果与实验数据的对比表明,二者相对偏差在±20%以内,验证了该换热模型的准确性与适用性。通过进一步的研究发现：从换热管入口至出口,随着冷凝的进行,管内换热主要热阻由液膜热阻向气液界面的凝结热阻转变;主流气体对流换热过程基本可忽略。     

Investigations on landmine detection by BF3 detector

Experiments were carried out to investigate the possible use of neutron backscattering for the detection of polyethylene (PE) sample buried in the soil. In detection of landmine by neutrons, the neutron detector and its shield play an important role. In this paper, the effects of graphite, heavy water, polyethylene and boric acid moderators on the flux of back scattered neutrons were investigated. We have also experimentally verified the effect of BF3 detector shield and obtained good agreement with theory.     

Web Services interface of SSRF archive data analysis system

Accelerator database stores various static parameters and real-time data of accelerator. SSRF (Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility) adopts relational database to save the data. We developed a data retrieval system based on XML Web Services for accessing the archive data. It includes a bottom layer interface and an interface applicable for accelerator physics. Client samples exemplifying how to consume the interface are given. The users can browse, retrieve and plot data by the client samples. Also, we give a method to test its stability. The test result and performance are described.     

有效探测面积大于1000 cm2的正比计数器测量系统性能测试

为对自制的活性面积高达1 000 cm²的大面积源进行表面发射率定值,同时作为现有2πα、2πβ表面发射率标准装置能力的扩充,研制了一套内置式大面积2π多丝正比计数器测量系统,并利用活性区直径为8 mm的²⁴¹Am点源及活性区面积为10 cm×15 cm的大面积²⁴¹Am和⁹⁰Sr-⁹⁰Y源对其进行计量学性能测试。结果表明：计数器内计数响应均匀性优于±0.4%,有效探测面积达1 400 cm²;所得²⁴¹Am源高压坪曲线的坪长为1 400 V,坪斜为0.27%/100 V,坪区内计数变化为0.87%;⁹⁰Sr-⁹⁰Y源高压坪曲线的坪长为300 V,坪斜为0.75%/100 V,坪区内计数变化为0.80%;10次测量重复性好于0.4%,8 h内短期稳定性好于0.3%,1 a内长期稳定性好于0.8%。     

Assessment of radioactivity levels in some oil samples from the western desert, Egypt

Distributions of natural gamma-emitting radionuclides were determined in 93 oil samples collected from some petroleum fields in the western desert of Egypt. The radioisotope activities in the area under investigation lay in the range of (21 ± 4) to (38 ± 13) Bq?L-1 for 226Ra, (9 ± 2) to (15 ± 5) Bq?L-1 for 232Th, and (154 ± 28) to (303 ± 54) Bq?L-1 for 40K. The mean values were 27, 12, and 201 Bq?L-1, respectively. Among oils, variations in radionuclide ac- tivities could be on account of differences in TDS, HCO3, and Ba, with high or low pH. In this environment, oil prop- erties differently affected the mobilization of natural radionuclides. The range of 226Ra variation had been compared with available data from other countries. The calculated absorbed dose rate ranged from 22.33 to 32.66 nGy?h-1 in lo- cation (B) and (E) respectively, which was less than the accepted value.     

Preparation and properties of 117m Sn(IV)-TTHMP in in-vitro and in small animals

In this work,TTHMP was synthesized and labelled with 117m Sn.The preparation conditions,stability and lipophilicity of 117m Sn(IV)-TTHMP were investigated.Biodistribution of the complex in rabbits and mice was studied.It was found that the quantity of TTHMP and pH value of the prepararion solution had vital effects on the labeling yield of 117m Sn(IV)-TTHMP.It was also found that 117m Sn(IV)-TTHMP was hydrophilic and stable at room temperature and 37℃ in open air 117m Sn(IV)-TTHMP showed unexpectedly high bone uptake and bone-to-blood ratio in the animals.This made it potentially useful as an reagent for skeletal scintigraphy and radiotherapy of bone tumors.     

The role of AGFA high-energy CR in the calibration and quality control of multileaf collimators （MLC）

Linear accelerators equipped with multileaf collimators （MLC） are becoming more common and are widely used in the intensity-modulated radiotherapy （IMRT）. There is an imperative need to ensure the commissioning specification of the linear accelerators for the sake of quality assurance （QA） and quality control （QC）. This paper is aimed to investigate the role of AGFA high-energy CR （Computed Radiography） in calibrating dynamic multileaf collimators and evaluating the accuracy of the leaf position. The result shows that AGFA high-energy CR can easily and conveniently be used to calibrate MLC and verify its position. Hence, the application of AGFA high-energy CR is proved to be an accurate and time-saving method for routine MLC QC, especially when MLC calibration adjustments are required.