Local buckling behaviour of trough girders composed of an assemblage of profiled steel sheets

The local buckling behaviour of profiled trough girders in bending, made from cold formed profiled steel sheeting and used for profiled composite beams, is studied using an elastic finite strip method. The simplified method assumes that there is no shear stress present within the buckling half-wavelength, and is thus applicable to the uniform bending case where no moment gradient exists. Three typical types of profiled steel sheeting configurations are studied in the form of profiled trough girders, and these are investigated comparatively. The variation of the elastic local buckling coefficient with the cross-sectional parameters is demonstrated for each of the three typical rib shapes. An example of the local buckling of a typical profiled through girder is given.     

闭口型压型钢板-轻骨料混凝土组合板受力性能及动力特性试验研究

对6块闭口型压型钢板-轻骨料混凝土组合板试件进行了两点对称集中加载静力试验研究,考察了组合板在不同剪跨比下的破坏形态、钢板与混凝土应变发展、端部滑移和裂缝发展情况,研究了组合板的纵向剪切极限承载能力。研究结果表明,端部设置栓钉的闭口型压型钢板-轻骨料混凝土组合板具有较好组合作用,剪跨比较小的闭口型压型钢板-轻骨料混凝土组合板主要发生纵向剪切粘结破坏,而剪跨比较大的组合板主要发生接近于弯曲破坏的弯剪破坏;根据试验研究结果,建立了闭口型压型钢板-轻骨料混凝土组合板的承载能力计算公式,并给出了组合板刚度计算建议方法。为考察组合板的动力特性,对6块闭口型压型钢板-轻骨料混凝土组合板的前三阶自振频率和阻尼比进行了试验测试,测试结果表明闭口型压型钢板-轻骨料混凝土组合板阻尼比比较小,并结合自振频率实测结果对经验计算公式进行了对比验证,为闭口型压型钢板-轻骨料混凝土组合板动力特性计算及组合楼盖的竖向振动分析控制设计提供依据     

波形钢腹板组合槽型梁静载试验与有效预应力分析

波形钢腹板组合槽型梁是一种新型下承式开口薄壁桥梁结构,对4片按照1/4相似比进行设计的试验梁进行两点对称加载和有限元分析,研究两组试验梁在对称荷载作用下的荷载位移关系、截面应变分布、裂缝发展规律和破坏形态等,分析张拉预应力和释放预弯力后试验梁底板混凝土的有效预压应力。研究表明：竖向荷载作用下试验梁符合平截面变形规律,应忽略波形钢腹板对抗弯刚度的贡献和底板混凝土对抗弯承载力的抵抗作用;试验梁混凝土受压区受限于上翼缘板,其应变分布为梯形而非常规的三角形分布;下承式槽型截面的中性轴偏低,波形钢腹板预弯钢梁反弹能够有效地对混凝土施加预压应力;采用波形钢腹板能有效提高槽型梁的预应力施加效率,文中建议的波形钢腹板组合梁预应力等效荷载法,能准确计算此类结构的混凝土有效预压应力;两组试验梁由于配筋量的不同分别发生塑性和脆性弯曲破坏;波形钢腹板组合槽型梁的自重轻、抗弯刚度较大、具有较好的延性和抗裂性能。     

带钢板-混凝土组合桥面板的组合梁疲劳性能试验研究

为研究带钢板-混凝土组合桥面板的组合梁在疲劳荷载下的受力性能,对2个试件进行静力试验研究,并对6个试件进行等幅疲劳试验研究。疲劳试验试件按承受正弯矩和承受负弯矩两组类型试件分别考虑,在各组试件中均主要考察疲劳荷载上、下限值及疲劳荷载幅值等因素对带钢板-混凝土组合桥面板组合梁的疲劳破坏模式及疲劳累积损伤的影响。疲劳试验过程中对组合梁试件在各主要循环加载次数下的动挠度、残余挠度、混凝土应变、底部钢板应变、试件钢梁应变及试件受弯刚度进行试验测量和分析。疲劳试验结果表明:正弯矩组合梁试件的疲劳破坏形态为组合梁底部钢梁疲劳断裂破坏,进而受压区混凝土压碎破坏,试件疲劳寿命主要与试件疲劳应力幅有直接关系,而疲劳荷载的上、下限值对疲劳寿命影响较小;负弯矩组合梁试件在200万次循环荷载下均未发生疲劳破坏且仍具有较高承载能力和刚度,表现出了良好疲劳性能。研究成果可为该类型组合梁设计应用提供依据。     

钢-闭口型压型钢板轻骨料混凝土组合梁受力性能试验研究

完成了8个钢-闭口型压型钢板轻骨料混凝土组合梁试件的静力试验,对组合梁受力性能进行了研究。试验中详细考察了钢-闭口型压型钢板轻骨料混凝土组合梁在不同名义剪跨比、不同栓钉布置形式下的受力过程、裂缝发展、破坏形态和型钢、钢板与混凝土应变发展过程、跨中弯矩与跨中挠度以及型钢与组合板端部滑移发展情况;根据对试验结果与现行规范所建议方法计算结果的对比分析,提出了钢-闭口型压型钢板轻骨料混凝土组合梁的受弯承载能力以及受剪承载能力计算方法。研究结果表明,钢-闭口型压型钢板轻骨料混凝土组合梁试件的破坏形态主要表现为弯曲剪切破坏,组合梁具有较好的承载能力和延性,在80%Pu后,组合梁界面才表现出明显的滑移现象,截面不满足平截面假定。研究还表明,即使组合梁试件按照我国现行规范计算所得连接程度较小时,也具有较高的受弯承载能力。同时,为考察组合梁动力特性,对8个组合梁试件的前三阶自振频率和阻尼比进行了试验测试,测试结果表明组合梁阻尼比较     

施工初应力作用下内配十字形型钢的圆钢管混凝土 轴压短柱力学性能分析

利用ABAQUS有限元软件分别建立考虑外钢管施工初应力和同时考虑钢管与型钢施工初应力的内配十字形型钢圆钢管混凝土轴压短柱数值模型,并对建模方法进行验证。计算施工初应力存在时内配型钢钢管混凝土轴压短柱的荷载-位移全过程曲线及其各部件的承载力分配曲线,并分析混凝土与钢管、混凝土与型钢的接触应力及应力发展状态。最后对初应力系数、构件长细比、钢管和型钢的含钢率、钢管和型钢的屈服强度以及混凝土的抗压强度等因素进行了参数分析。结果表明:考虑外钢管施工初应力对内配型钢钢管混凝土轴压构件力学性能的影响规律与其对钢管混凝土轴压构件力学性能的影响规律基本一致; 外钢管和型钢施工初应力的同时存在使混凝土与钢管、型钢的相互作用时间延迟,减弱钢管对混凝土的套箍作用和混凝土对型钢的局部约束,使组合构件提前进入弹塑性阶段并扩大此阶段的范围,导致组合柱极限承载力随着初应力值的增大逐渐减小; 构件长细比对轴压短柱的承载力影响系数有显著影响。     

Analysis of longitudinal shear behaviour for composite steel and concrete slabs

The strength of composite slabs depends mainly on the strength of contact between the steel sheeting and concrete. In the article a method of analyses for strength of the horizontal section of the composite slabs based on the theory of built-up bars, which gives one an opportunity to assess strength and the rigidity of contact is presented. The proposed method evaluates the influence of both plastic deformations of the concrete layer and cracks in the concrete on the rigidity of this layer and of the whole slab as well. Performed investigations in deformations and strength of the contact between steel sheeting and concrete allowed one to explore the behaviour of the contact from the start of loading up to the failure. During contact testing, influence of pre-compression forces on deformations and strength of the contact were investigated. The strength of horizontal section in 6 fragments of composite slab with ‘Holorib’ type profiled steel sheeting was investigated experimentally. In tests the thickness of concrete layer of the slab and concrete strength varied. Theoretical calculations for the strength of a horizontal section of experimental slabs were made in this investigation. Calculations were performed according to the method proposed by us with the application of the method of built-up bars. In calculations, rigidity of the contact between steel profiled sheeting and concrete as well as equivalent rigidity of a concrete layer with cracks were evaluated. Experimental and theoretical results of the strength of the horizontal section in composite slabs were compared. Comparison of results revealed that their agreement was sufficiently good.     

Analysis of deflections of composite slabs with profiled sheeting up to the ultimate moment

This paper deals with an investigation of the deflections of composite slabs. The deflection of composite slabs depends directly on the shear stiffness of the connection between profiled steel sheeting and concrete. A method for calculating deflections of slabs is presented in this paper. This method is based on a theory of built-up bars, which allows one to take into account directly the shear stiffness of the connection. Influences on the stiffness of the structure of normal cracks in the concrete layer and plastic deformations of concrete that has been subjected to compression are also taken into account in the analysis method. The method gives one an opportunity to assess variations of these factors at all stages of the slab’s behaviour from the start of loading up to the ultimate moment. Results of the experimental investigations of a connection (contact) between steel profiled sheeting (Holorib type) and concrete are presented in this paper. In the results of these investigations, three stages of behaviour of the contact are distinguished. A connection shear characteristic is determined for each stage, which is used for calculating the deflection of the slab.Experimental investigations were performed on deflections of composite slabs with a Holorib type of profiled sheeting. Variations in experimental deflections of slabs were explored from the beginning of loading up to the ultimate moment.Theoretical calculations of deflections for the experimental slabs were made. Calculations were performed according to the method proposed by the authors. A comparison of experimental and theoretical values of deflections revealed that agreement between these values was sufficiently good at all stages of the slab’s behaviour.     

结合梁中混凝土收缩徐变引起的次内力分析

根据钢-混凝土结合梁的受力特点,考虑采用有支架施工方法,由力的平衡条件和变形协调条件,分析结合梁中由混凝土收缩徐变引起的内力重分布,以此为基础,进一步提出了连续结合梁内力重分布的计算方法。应用该方法分析了两跨连续结合梁算例,计算了混凝土收缩徐变引起的内力重分布。研究结果表明,混凝土收缩徐变对钢-混凝土结合梁有显著影响,足以使连续结合梁中支座负弯矩区的混凝土产生裂缝。     

帽型组合扁梁力学性能分析

本文采用三维有限元分析软件ABAQUS对帽型组合扁梁的力学性能进行了分析,模型中考虑了混凝土受拉开裂及钢筋在混凝土板中的分布,采用节点耦合和弹簧单元两种方法模拟栓钉的力学性能。有限元分析结果和试验结果进行了对比,验证了理论分析的正确性。研究结果表明:帽型组合扁梁具有良好的延性;加载点沿跨度方向作用点不同对组合扁梁的力学性能影响很小;混凝土开裂后剪力连接件的存在能提高构件在弹塑性阶段的刚度和承载力;对比结果表明,采用弹簧单元能较好模拟栓钉的力学性能。     

钢-闭口型压型钢板轻骨料混凝土组合梁弯曲刚度研究

完成了8个钢-闭口型压型钢板轻骨料混凝土组合梁试件的静力试验,对组合梁弯曲刚度计算方法进行研究。分别介绍了换算截面刚度法、考虑滑移的刚度折减法及修正折减刚度法这三种目前常用的组合梁刚度计算方法,并采用刚度折减法和修正折减刚度法计算了8个组合梁试件的刚度及跨中变形,并与试验结果进行比较分析,最终根据分析结果对组合梁的刚度计算方法提出建议。     

部分混凝土外包波形钢腹板组合工字梁的抗剪性能试验研究

针对提高负弯矩作用下连续梁的结构特性提出了一种新型的部分混凝土外包波形钢腹板组合工字梁。对这种混凝土外包组合工字梁在对抗荷载下的抗剪性能进行试验分析研究。试验结果显示与普通的工字梁相比,混凝土外包组合工字梁的剪切屈曲因受外包混凝土的限制而有了更好的抗剪强度。由于组合截面的抗剪刚度是基于波形钢腹板和破裂前外包混凝土平均厚度的总和,且其抗剪强度决定了由钢腹板和外包混凝土共享的抗剪强度比。此外,根据试验中的破坏模式和应变分布,提出部分混凝土外包波形钢腹板组合工字梁的预估抗剪强度。试验结果验证了之前分析得出的弹性阶段的抗剪刚度和抗剪比。且之前计算得出的钢腹板与组合梁的抗剪强度也与试验结果一致。通过对比可知文中提到的分析方法可以应用到部分混凝土外包波形钢腹板组合工字梁结构的抗剪刚度预估和抗剪强度设计中去。     

Shear behavior of partially encased composite I-girder with corrugated steel web: Experimental study

A new type of partially encased composite I-girder with corrugated steel web has been proposed to improve the structural performance of continuous girders under hogging moment. The shear behavior of such partially encased composite I-girders under anti-symmetric loading has been experimentally and analytically investigated. Experimental results show that the partially encased composite girders has superior shear strength compared to steel I-girders, since shear bucking of steel web is restricted by concrete encasement. The shear stiffness of the composite section is based on the total summation of corrugated web and concrete encasement with average thickness before cracking, and the ratio of shear resistance shared by the steel web and the concrete encasement depends on their shear stiffness. In addition, predicted shear strength of the partially encased composite girder with corrugated web is proposed according to the experimental failure mode and strain distribution. The analytical shear stiffness and shear resistance ratio at the elastic stage are verified by experimental results. And the calculated shear strength for steel and composite girders agree well with the experimental results. The comparison shows that the proposed analytical methods can be applied in predicting elastic shear stiffness and design shear strength for such partially encased composite girders with corrugated web.     

高层民用建筑钢骨混凝土施工技术

高层民用建筑采用型钢混凝土组合结构,可缩小结构构件截面尺寸,增大使用空间,但对型钢构件的制作、安装以及与钢筋工程的配合提出了更高的要求。本文介绍了复杂型钢混凝土组合结构施工的施工工艺和技术控制措施,以及施工中应解决的有关关键技术问题。     

冷弯薄壁型钢-混凝土组合楼盖受弯承载力影响因素分析

采用ANSYS非线性有限元分析方法,分析了压型钢板与钢梁连接螺钉间距、钢材屈服强度、混凝土强度、C型钢梁板厚、钢筋混凝土翼板厚度、压型钢板型号、钢梁间距、楼盖宽度、钢梁跨高比及腹板高厚比等因素对冷弯薄壁型钢-混凝土组合楼盖受弯承载力和延性的影响。研究表明：压型钢板与钢梁连接螺钉间距、钢材强度、钢梁板厚、压型钢板型号、钢梁间距、楼盖宽度、钢梁跨高比和腹板高厚比等因素对组合楼盖受弯承载力影响较显著,而混凝土强度则影响较小;钢筋混凝土翼板厚度在50~100 mm范围内时,组合楼盖受弯承载力随混凝土翼板厚度增加呈线性增长,当翼板厚度大于100 mm后,其受弯承载力将不再提高;混凝土强度、钢梁间距及楼盖宽度不影响组合楼盖的延性。组合楼盖可简化为T形截面组合梁模型计算。     

压型钢板-陶粒混凝土组合楼板火灾响应及火灾后受力性能试验研究

为了分析压型钢板-陶粒混凝土组合楼板的火灾响应,首先对受荷条件下的2块简支陶粒混凝土组合楼板进行了火灾行为试验,得到了其火灾温度响应及位移响应。在此基础上,进一步对2块受火后的压型钢板-陶粒混凝土组合楼板进行了火灾后受力性能试验研究,并对1块具有相同参数的组合楼板开展了常温下静载试验。结果表明：在楼板内部设置焊接栓钉将减弱组合楼板的抗火性能、降低组合楼板火灾后的承载力;与未受火作用的同样规格的组合楼板相比,火灾后压型钢板-陶粒混凝土组合楼板的破坏形式发生较大变化,但仍具有较高的承载力和良好的受力性能;压型钢板-陶粒混凝土组合楼板受火后为弯曲破坏,而未受火楼板则为剪切滑移破坏。     

轻质装配式叠合楼板拼接处受力性能试验研究

提出了一种轻质装配式叠合楼板,由压型钢板、带桁架钢筋轻质陶粒混凝土预制层及普通混凝土现浇层三部分组成,在拼接处增设构造钢筋并用栓钉将楼板与钢梁焊接。分析了各级加载下试件在拼接处的抗弯承载力、挠度以及裂缝等力学性能指标。结果表明,拼接处的构造措施能有效提高叠合楼板的承载力和变形能力;与普通叠合楼板相比,该种楼板具有自重低、承载力高、延性好及施工效率高等特点,具有广阔的应用前景。     

24m跨度承托四层框架的预应力钢筋混凝土梁的设计特点和受力分析

在建筑设计中经常遇到大跨度的钢筋混凝土梁上托框架的情况，为此这种大跨度的托框架的梁必要设计成预应力混凝土梁。在张拉预应力过程中大梁及其上面的框架有向上的变形，在垂直荷重作用下又有向下的变形，无论向上、向下的变形都会与其上面承托的框架协同工作，相互造成影响。本文主要是针对这种预应力混凝土承托框架大梁的设计特点、预应力施加值的控制、施工及张拉要求、预应力张拉过程中的检测等问题进行研究和探讨。本文可供今后设计类似工程时参考。     

闭口型压型钢板——混凝土组合板承载能力试验研究

闭口型压型钢板—混凝土组合板中,压型钢板能更好地起到受拉钢筋的作用,比开口型压型钢板—混凝土组合板有更多性能优势和更好的应用前景。通过八块采用新型BONDEKⅡ型闭口型压型钢板的组合板的静力性能试验研究和理论分析,着重考察剪跨比和组合板端部栓钉布置对组合板受力性能、破坏形态和极限承载能力的影响,提出了该类闭口型压型钢板的组合板的受弯承载力、竖向受剪承载力和纵向剪切粘结破坏承载力的计算方法及公式,为组合板设计计算提供依据。     

大跨组合梁斜拉桥装配化安装关键技术研究

宜宾南溪（仙源）长江大桥采用主跨572m双塔双索面组合梁斜拉桥,上部结构采用装配化的架设方法。为保证组合梁的钢主梁与桥面板安装控制内力、安装精度并兼顾组合梁施工效率,通过建立全桥及分段有限元计算模型,结合现场监控数据对比研究,提出了基于节段全过程内力状态和几何状态优化的上部结构安装架设控制方法。在合理控制了组合梁安装应力和安装精度基础上,通过对钢主梁与混凝土桥面板湿接缝浇筑工序和斜拉索张拉工序的优化,提高了施工效率。并将等值张拉法运用于斜拉索张拉工序,从而保证了钢绞线索力的均匀性。相关结论适用于同类型组合梁斜拉桥架设施工。