A method for estimating local traffic load in a simulcast radiosystem

This paper presents a simple method for estimating the average local traffic load in a simulcast radio system. Such estimation is crucial to achieving efficient resource sharing and dynamic reconfiguration of the simulcast areas. The proposed method is based only on relative power measurements at each radio port (or distributed antenna element) and is applicable to both code-division multiple-access (CDMA) and time-division multiple-access (TDMA) systems. Simulation results are derived to test the method over various system conditions and assumptions. The proposed method is shown to provide excellent results, giving estimates to within ±15% of the actual Erlang traffic, while requiring only an approximate knowledge of the radio propagation environment     

Entropy of ATM traffic streams: a tool for estimating QoSparameters

For the purposes of estimating quality-of-service parameters, it is enough to know the large deviation rate-function of an ATM traffic stream; modeling procedures can be bypassed if we can estimate the rate-function directly, exploiting the analogy between the rate-function and thermodynamic entropy. We show that this proposal is soundly based on statistical sampling theory. Experiments on the Fairisle ATM network at the University of Cambridge have established that it is feasible to collect the required data in real time     

面向开源路由设备的I2RS加速技术设计与实现

南向协议接口标准I2RS（路由系统接口）是传统网络向SDN（软件定义网络）过渡过程中出现的一种新标准。基于该标准,提出了一种直接利用地址访问内核空间数据的方法,从而能够使南向接口以更高效率获取单点路由设备状态和各类统计信息的方法,给出了方法的实现过程,并对采用本方法提取数据的速度、访问数据出错次数以及从异常中恢复的时间进行了大量、长时间的测试。实验测试结果表明,与现有技术相比,本方法提取信息的速率明显提高,并且在提取信息出现异常时能够快速从异常中恢复。在实际网络环境中的应用表明,该方法发挥了快速可靠提取信息的作用。     

A method for estimating the parameters of the K distribution

A method that combines the maximum likelihood and the method of moments for estimating the parameters of the K distribution is proposed. The method results in the lowest variance of parameter estimates when compared with existing non-ML techniques     

GMPLS-based photonic multilayer router (Hikari router)architecture: an overview of traffic engineering and signalingtechnology

A new extended signaling and traffic engineering method for the GMPLS-based photonic and electrical multilayer router (Hikari router) is proposed. The method allows dynamic optical network management and photonic signal recovery, such as regeneration, reshaping, etc., to be realized adaptively. Wavelength conversion is also adaptive, which reduces network cost. Multilayer traffic engineering, which yields the dynamic cooperation of IP and photonic layers, is described to provide IP services cost effectively. To realize multilayer traffic engineering, we propose the OSPF extension, which advertises both the number of total wavelengths and the number of unused wavelengths, and the RSVP-TE extension, which minimizes the number of wavelength conversions needed. In addition, this paper proposes a heuristics-based multilayer topology design scheme that uses IP traffic measurements in a generalized multi-protocol label switch (GMPLS). The proposed scheme yields the optical label switch path (OLSP) network topology, that is, OLSP placement, that minimizes network cost, in response to fluctuations in IP traffic demand. In other words, the OLSP network topology is dynamically reconfigured to match IP traffic demand. Networks are reconfigured by the proposed scheme so as to utilize network resources in the most cost effective manner     

一种基于CNN的无线路由器指纹识别方法

针对无线设备"指纹"特征提取技术含量较高，且技术手段较为复杂的问题，在无线空间信道状态不变的前提下，提出了一种基于卷积神经网络（convolution neural network，CNN）自动分类无线路由器指纹的识别方法，解决无线设备"指纹"特征提取困难的问题.文章设计并实现了一种通过接收处理多输入多输出（multiple-input multiple-output，MIMO）信号幅度识别无线路由器的方法，该方法通过采集无线路由器的信道状态信息（channel state information，CSI），并对CSI的幅度数据进行预先平滑和去噪处理，然后把预处理后的幅度数据作为设备的指纹特征，最后通过机器学习的算法进行分类和识别.实验采用CNN对10台商用无线路由器进行分类和识别，准确率达到96%以上，证明了使用CSI来识别无线路由器是可行的.     

A simple method for estimating rain attenuation distribution

This paper deals with a method for estimating rain attenuation distribution at frequencies above 10 GHz. This method depends only on point rainfall rate. Based on statistical independence among rain cells, a relation connecting cell dimension, path distance, precipitation and attenuation is established. Numerical results have shown good agreement with experimental data.     

一种估计多信号频率的快速子空间方法

多重信号分类（Multiple Signal Classification,MUSIC）法在估计多信号频率时需要对采样数据序列的自相关矩阵进行特征值分解，并准确划分出信号和噪声子空间，使得其计算量比较大。利用自相关矩阵的Toeplitz特性快速计算其逆矩阵，通过计算逆矩阵的多次幂来逼近噪声子空间，避免了MUSIC法的特征值分解和估计信号个数的过程。在谱峰搜索环节，采用先粗估计频率值再在小区间进行精细搜索的策略，能够避免搜索无用的频率范围。计算量比较分析以及与理论克拉美罗界（Cramer-Rao Bound,CRB）的对比验证结果表明，快速方法性能与MUSIC法相当，能够较好地逼近CRB，且计算量更小，适合实时性要求高的应用场合。     

A novel method for estimating the SNR of unknown emitter signal

It is important to estimate the Signal-to-Noise Ratio(SNR) of unknown emitter signal accurately.In order to resolve the disadvantages of present algorithm,a novel method is proposed in this letter.We extract and normalize the information of zero frequency of received signal by the Wigner-Vile Distribution(WVD) transformation and then get the approximate power of original signal by mathematic transformation,at last,we get the estimate value of SNR by the known account formula of SNR.Simulation results show t...     

An agile optical layer restoration method for router failures

The optical layer can provide its IP clients with rapid and efficient restoration for link failures; however, its inability to protect against router failures erodes its attractiveness. Here, we propose a joint IP/optical restoration mechanism suitable for IP offices with a minimum of two backbone routers and an optical cross-connect. The OXC is used to reterminate OC-48/OC-192 links from a failed backbone router to its mate. The entire interoffice portion of the reterminated link is reused, thus minimizing the amount of additional link capacity required to protect against router failures. A similar approach applicable when there are tunable transceivers but no OXC is also described.     

一种低复杂度的二维波达方向估计方法

提出了一种基于传播算子的低复杂度二维波达方向估计新算法,该方法避免了常规子空间方法中占主要运算量的估计信号协方差矩阵及其高维矩阵的特征分解,降低了运算复杂度,并且由于无阵列孔径损失,获得了良好的参数估计性能.最后计算机仿真验证了算法的有效性.     

A simple method for estimating the spectrum of exponentially damped sinusoidal signals

An algorithm is presented for the spectrum of experimentally obtained exponentially damped sinusoidal signals. The implementation of this algorithm is straightforward and requires only simple basic mathematical operations. Applications of the algorithm are illustrated by several examples.     

基于视频车辆运动轨迹场的交通事件检测方法*

针对现有交通事件检测算法存在的模型复杂、运算量大,并且检测结果滞后的缺点,提出了一种基于视频车辆运动轨迹场的交通事件检测方法.该方法以基于视频的车辆跟踪轨迹为基础,形成正常车辆运动轨迹场,进而将当前车辆轨迹矢量与正常轨迹场矢量比较,最终实现了对超速、慢行、变道和逆行的异常交通事件的检测.研究结果表明,与传统方法相比,该方法算法简单,并且可以快速、准确地对异常交通事件进行检测.     

A globally convergent and consistent method for estimating the shape parameter of a generalized Gaussian distribution

We propose a novel methodology for estimating the shape parameter of a generalized Gaussian distribution (GGD). This new method is based on a simple estimating equation derived from a convex shape equation. The estimating equation is completely independent of gamma and polygamma functions. Thus, no lookup table, interpolation, or additional subroutine to evaluate these functions are required for real-time implementations of the proposed method, which is in contrast to all existing methods. Furthermore, we establish that the shape equation has a unique global root on the positive real line and the Newton-Raphson root-finding algorithm converges to the unique global root from any starting point in a semi-infinite interval Theta_min. More importantly, we show that the sample-based shape estimating equation has a unique global root with probability tending to one and the root is consistent for the true shape parameter. Finally, we prove via fixed point arguments that, with probability tending to one, the Newton-Raphson algorithm converges to the unique global root of the sample shape estimating equation from any starting point in Theta_min. Some numerical experiments are also provided to demonstrate the global convergence and the excellent finite sample performance of the proposed method     

一种新的动态流量疏导算法

基于层叠网络模型,将饱和割集的方法应用于IP over WDM光网络的动态流量疏导中.该方法通过提取IP层网络的拓扑特征,并应用该特征触发多种方式建立光路,增加了在光层建立光路的灵活性.仿真结果显示,该方法可以有效降低网络阻塞率.     

A new structure-preserving method of sampling for predicting self-similar traffic

The paper presents a structure-preserving method of sampling self-similar traffic with an application to network monitoring and resource provisioning. Based on the observation of the self-similarity of Internet traffic, we propose a new sampling technique (so-called the maximum-based sampling). We show that the resulting data suits perfectly for predicting the bandwidth required by upcoming traffic so that the resource provisioning can be done efficiently and intelligently especially for the context of IP over WDM networks. Hence, we prove mathematically that the proposed technique preserves the self-similarity of the traffic. Besides, experimental results using real Internet traffic show that unlike other sampling techniques (systematic sampling and stratified random sampling), the maximum-based sampling capture faithfully the traffic self-similarity. In order to assess the effect of the sampling technique impact on the performance of the traffic prediction,we undertake a series of prediction experiments using sampled traffic with the proposed technique and the other sampling techniques. A neurofuzzy model (α _SNF), the AutoRegressive Integrated Moving Average model (ARIMA) and the Linear Minimum Mean Square Error (LMMSE) are considered in this study for bandwidth prediction. Our experiments results show that the maximum-based sampled traffic—used for the identification of the prediction model—is the most suitable for predicting the traffic for different time scales.     

A graphical method for detection of Flash Crowds in traffic

Majority of traffic analysis tools today are based on NetFlow technology including its more recent successor, IPFIX protocol. Even with the flexibility of IPFIX in mind, processing traffic in realtime is still difficult. Given the urgent need for lightweight methods in the area, this paper is crossing inter-disciplinary borders to find a solution. Specifically, this paper looks into a possibility of applying video compression to 2D visualization of traffic in search for anomalies. The proposed method is applied to detection of Flash Crowds in traffic and is found successful when compared to other methods.     

A TENSOR ANALYSIS METHOD FOR ESTIMATING 3-D MOTION PARAMETERS

By using the center projection image sequence to estimate 3-D motion parameters,one needs to know the corresponding relationship between the feature of motion object in spaceand the projection coordinate on image plane.In order to avoid using the relationship of featurecorrespondence,the tensor analysis method in the affine transformation system is presented,andthe simulation data of experimental results are given.     

一种网络流量平稳化方法

由于网络流量的不稳定性,会影响流量模型的准确性。平稳化的目的是使得流量成为平稳或更为接近平稳,以提高流量模型的准确性。差分是一种常用的平稳化方法,它对具有线性趋势的时间序列有很好的平稳化效果。本文提出一种统计分析的方法对流量进行平稳化处理,可以在一定程度上消除流量不稳定性对流量建模的影响。