循环流化床锅炉内衬施工技术探讨

从循环流化床锅炉特点方面进行了论述,阐述了锅炉内衬(浇筑料)对锅炉运行的重要性,重点对浇筑料施工质量进行了探讨,以防止其他项目浇筑料施工出现类似问题。     

利用固硫灰渣研发蒸压加气混凝土砌块

通过室内模拟试验,研究了磨细的固硫灰和固硫渣在不同用量比例时对蒸压加气混凝土砌块的干密度和抗压强度的影响;并提出了固硫灰和固硫渣用于蒸压加气混凝土砌块试生产中的材料用量比例.试验结果表明:在固硫灰的用量较大时,掺加适量的固硫渣,不仅可有效地改善蒸压加气混凝土砌块的技术性能,而且有利于提高固硫灰渣的整体利用率.     

如何控制循环流化床锅炉床温

对循环流化床锅炉床温的控制方式进行了探讨,分析了影响床温变化的因素,从料层厚度、炉膛物料浓度、返料器浓度、一、二次风配比、锅炉出力的调整及循环流化床锅炉的启停等方面入手,阐述了对锅炉床温的控制与调节方法,对促进循环流化床锅炉的发展应用具有积极意义。     

矿井水流化床处理工艺运行中存在的问题及应对措施

针对南山煤矿矿井水流化床净化工艺中存在的PAM配制与投加、流化床运行方式及高岭土加药点不当等问题进行了分析讨论,并提出了相应的改进措施.处理系统调试中,将PAM配制浓度提高至0.5‰,开启了流化床搅拌桨,并延长了排泥周期,缩短了排泥时间.通过上述改造,造粒流化床工艺处理负荷达到16.2 m/h,产水量增加了1 000 m3/d左右,且对于33%的冲击负荷具备了较强的耐受性.调试结果说明,造粒流化床用于南山煤矿矿井水处理,具有处理负荷高,自用水量小.抗冲击负荷能力强等优点.     

Biofilm development and bed segregation in a methanogenic fluidized bed reactor

Bacterial biofilm growth on a pilot lab scale anaerobic fluidized bed bioreactor under mesophilic conditions is analyzed in this paper. Biolite was used as substratum and the system was fed with acetic acid as sole carbon source. Bed expansión was maintained around 40%. It was observed that the decrease of the expansion provoked a biomass increase in the reactor and the decrease of the removal rate of organic matter. This can be explained by a mass transfer limitation phenomenon. Volatile fatty acids accumulated within the system when the expansion of the fluidized bed was lower than 10%. An initial bed segregation was observed. Biomass adhesion and growth influenced bioparticle size and density, which contributed to further bed segregation. Biomass concentration in the bottom part of the bed showed higher values than in the upper levels. On the other hand, biofilm density increased towards the reactor bottom, wherein it showed the highest values. Methanogenic tests were conducted using acetic, propionic and butyric acids. These assays indicated that total activity was higher in bioparticle sampled from upper reactor levels. This was explained by the lower biofilm density values in this zone and mass transfer limitation phenomena. Moreover, biomass was unable to degrade acids different from acetic while performing the activity tests. This was probably due to the fact that acetic acid was the sole carbon source fed to the reactor.     

沸腾炉运行中的几个要点

保持沸腾炉正常运行的关键,在于正确控制沸腾层的送风量、风室静压和沸腾层的温度。１　送风量的控制一般情况下,燃烧直径小于８ｍｍ的煤粒时其风量必须保持１８００ｍ３／（ｍ·ｈ）。风量过小,难以正常沸腾,时间长了有结渣的可能性。风量过大排烟温度升高,排烟热损失增大。正常燃烧排烟温度在１５０～２００℃之间,排烟温度每升高１２～１５℃,排烟热损失将提高１％。随着风量的增大,穿过料层的气流速度增加,烟气在炉内停留时间缩短,燃料未燃烧或来不及燃尽就被烟气带走,严重时可达６０％～７０％,这样就导致固体未完全燃烧热…     

循环流化床锅炉快速床流体动力学研究

分析了快速床区流体动力学特征 ,通过实验研究了固体颗粒循环率、气体速度等影响快速床区动力学的主要因素 ,找出快速床区悬浮粒子密度纵向和横向分布规律 ,用回归方法得出相应计算公式。     

谈循环流化床锅炉筑炉施工

从材料的进场验收、施工准备、高强耐磨浇注料的使用、可塑料的施工等方面,介绍了循环流化床锅炉筑炉用耐火混凝土的质量要求及施工方法,有利于保证锅炉砌筑质量,延长锅炉使用寿命。     

Impulse responses of a monoethylamine-fed fluidized bed reactor

The responses of a steady-state, continuous-flow, completely-mixed fluidized bed reactor (FBR) to a range of monoethylamine (MEA) impulses are analyzed in terms of its combined carbon oxidation and nitrification efficiencies. Immobilized cells are cultivated at a mean cell residence time (MCRT) that exceeds 75 days. Responses due to bacterial activities and physical flows are separately estimated using a methodology based on mass balance calculations. MEA inhibition becomes evident when respective critical impulse loadings are exceeded, i.e., 0.12 mg TOC/mg VS for carbon oxidation and 0.021 mg TOC/mg VS for nitrification (TOC: total organic carbon, VS: volatile solids). Nitrifying cells are shown to be more susceptible to MEA impulses than their heterotrophic counterparts. However, the presence of nitrification activities under the conditions tested demonstrates the advantages of cell immobilization that offer greater flexibility when challenged with suddenly increased MEA loads over a short period of time. Mass balance calculations on nitrogen species confirms that 0.583 mg NH(4)(+)-N is produced per mg MEA-C removed when the assimilatory nitrogen requirements for cell synthesis are negligible.     

适用循环流化床锅炉的脱硝技术

循环流化床锅炉由于低排放在我国应用十分广泛,但如果不采取措施已不能满足目前的环保要求。介绍了NOx的产生机理,通过几种脱硝技术的对比,指出循环流化床采用低氮燃烧+SNCR脱硝技术是很好的选择。     

谈循环流化床锅炉的施工问题及优化

通过对循环流化床前沿技术的探讨,并结合电站循环流化床锅炉工程的安装和运行情况,分析了循环流化床锅炉安装施工中存在的问题,同时提出了优化措施,以促进循环流化床锅炉的推广应用。     

浅谈循环流化床锅炉运行中的关键措施

对循环流化床锅炉在启动运行中碰到的一些具体问题，从点火难、易结焦、磨损严重、脱硫等方面进行了分析，阐述产生这类问题的机理，提出了相应的解决措施。     

循环流化床锅炉防磨初探

针对循环流化床的磨损是制约流化床发展的首要问题,就循环流化床锅炉磨损的各种情况及影响因素进行了分析,并提出了相应的防磨损措施,对机组的安全稳定运行有极大的意义。     

循环流化床锅炉烟气烘炉研究

根据烟气烘炉重点环节——温升曲线的现状及存在问题,通过理论分析并结合以往大型循环流化床锅炉烘炉工作的实践经验,在保证烘炉质量的基础上,提出更科学、合理、优化的温升曲线,实现高效、节能的目的.在优化的温度控制条件下,对烘干的试块进行实验检测,结果表明试块物理性能、含水率均能满足标准要求.该成果在后期烘炉工作实践中,有效缩短了烘炉时间,减少了能源投入,取得了良好的效果.     

循环流化床固硫灰与减水剂适应性试验研究

高效减水剂与矿物掺合料已经成为高性能混凝土不可或缺的组成部分,两者之间适应性对水泥混凝土性能改善有重要作用.从利用循环流化床固硫灰作为混凝土矿物掺合料的角度,通过净浆和砂浆流动度试验以及混凝土坍落度试验,研究了不同粒度的循环流化床固硫灰与各种类型减水剂的适应性.结果表明:固硫灰细度及减水剂种类对固硫灰净浆、砂浆流动性以及掺固硫灰混凝土坍落度和强度具有一定影响.     

循环流化床锅炉结焦的原因分析及措施

通过分析循环流化床锅炉结焦的具体现象及其原因,认识到其结焦预防措施的重要应用价值。为了预防循环流化床锅炉存在的结焦问题,提出了几点有效措施,以供参考。     

Anaerobic digestion of wine distillery wastewater in down-flow fluidized bed

In down-flow fluidization, particles with a specific density smaller than the liquid are fluidized downward by a concurrent flow of liquid. This paper describes the application of the down-flow (or inverse) fluidization technology for the anaerobic digestion of red wine distillery wastewater. The carrier employed was ground perlite, an expanded volcanic rock. Before starting-up the reactor, physical and fluidization properties of the carrier material were determined. 0.968 mm perlite particles were found to have a specific density of 280 kg m⁻³ and a minimum fluidization velocity of 2.3 m h⁻¹. Once the down-flow anaerobic fluidized bed system reached the steady-state, organic load was increased stepwise by reducing HRT, from 3.3–1.3 days, while maintaining constant the feed TOC concentration. The system achieved 85% TOC removal, at an organic loading rate of 4.5 kg TOC m³ d⁻¹. It was found that the main advantages of this system are: low energy requirement, because of the low fluidization velocities required; there is no need of a settling device, because solids accumulate at the bottom of the reactor so they can be easily drawn out, and particles with high-biomass content, whose specific density have become larger than 1000 kg m⁻³ can be easily recovered.     

循环流化床锅炉的特点

循环流化床锅炉是近年发展起来的一种新兴炉型。它的主要优点在于：燃料适性好,燃烧效率高;脱硫效率高,NOx排放量小,炉渣可综合利用,它的主要缺点在于：炉本体钢材耗量大;受热面和吊挂管磨损与腐蚀严重;限制了循环流化床锅炉的大型化发展。所应用的循环流化床燃烧技术得到了广泛的应用,取得了很好的效果。     

细度对固硫灰特性的影响

研究细度对固硫灰的需水量、表观密度、膨胀性、不同龄期抗压强度以及钙矾石含量等性能的影响.结果表明,随着固硫灰细度的增大,其标准稠度需水量变小,表观密度变大,固硫灰的膨胀率和产物中钙矾石含量呈现先增后减的趋势.     

常压流化床水煤气炉的合理应用

1 前言 常压流化床水煤气炉是一种新型粉煤气化炉,它具有生产工艺简单、投资小(比固定床水煤气站投资还小),可气化细颗粒煤等特点.随着采煤机械化程度的提高,原煤中细粒度煤的比例增加,常压流化床水煤气炉不仅充分利用了机械化采煤得到的小于10mm的细粒度煤,还适当简化了原煤的预处理工序,因此,该炉一问世.立即引起各方关注.它的合理应用是本文研究的课题.