One-Pot Synthesis of Hybrid Materials Composed by Crystalline ZSM-5 and Noncrystalline MCM-41 Phases

A synthesis route for obtaining combinations of ZSM-5/MCM-41 materials led to the growth of zeolitic crystallites embedded into the mass of MCM-41 mesoporous materials, which have distinct textural properties, surface areas of about one half of conventional MCM-41, and the formation of double wall thickness. These data were determined from X-ray diffraction and N₂-adsorption data.     

Investigation of ZSM-5/MCM-41 Composite Molecular Sieve for Reducing Olefin Content of FCC Gasoline

ZSM-5/MCM-41 composite molecular sieve was prepared by the nano-assembling method.The ZSM-5 molecular sieve,the MCM-41 molecular sieve,the ZSM-5/MCM-41 mechanical mixture and the ZSM-5/MCM-41 composite molecular sieve were characterized by X-ray powder diffractometry,N2 adsorption isotherms,temperature programmed desorption of ammonia and scanning electron microscopy and their properties were analyzed.Using FCC gasoline as the feed,activities of different molecular sieves for reducing olefin content were investigated in a continuous high-pressure micro-reactor unit under the following conditions:a reaction temperature of 400℃,a reaction time of 2 h,a weight hourly space velocity of 3 h-1,and a reaction pressure of 2.0 MPa.The results showed that the HMCM-41 molecular sieve had low reaction performance,and the HZSM-5 molecular sieve demonstrated high aromatization activity,while the ZSM-5/MCM-41 composite molecular sieve exhibited a best olefin-reducing performance because of its high isomerization activity and moderate aromatization activity.With a largest olefin-reducing capability and a reasonable distribution of products,the composite molecular sieve was more suitable for FCC gasoline upgrading compared to other three catalysts.     

hysicochemical Properties and Catalytic Performance of a Novel Aluminosilicate Composite Zeolite for Hydrocarbon Cracking Reaction

A novel micro-micro/mesoporous aluminosilicate ZSM-5-Y/MCM-41 composite molecular sieve with a MCM-41 type structure was synthesized through a novel process of the self-assembly of CTAB surfactant micellae with silica-alumina source originated from alkaline treatment of ZSM-5 zeolite. The physical properties of the ZSM-5-Y/MCM-41 composite molecular sieve were characterized by XRD, Py-FTIR and N2 adsorption-desorption techniques. Different kinds of molecular sieves including ZSM-5, Y zeolite, Al-MCM-41, ZSM-5/MCM-41 and ZSM-5-Y/MCM-41 as cracking catalysts were investigated, using 1,3,5-triisopropylbenzene (1,3,5-TIPB) as the probe molecule. Catalytic tests showed that the ZSM-5-Y/MCM-41 composite molecular sieve exhibited higher catalytic activity compared with the microporous ZSM-5 zeolite, Y zeolite, mesoporous Al-MCM-41 molecular sieve and ZSM-5/MCM-41 composite molecular sieve under the same conditions. The remarkable catalytic activity was mainly attributed to the presence of the hierarchical pore structure and proper acidity in the ZSM-5-Y/MCM-41 composite catalyst. Meanwhile, a carbenium ion mechanism was put forward for the cracking of 1,3,5-TIPB.     

Physical mixture of MCM-41/ZSM-5 as an active catalyst component for maximization of propylene in Catalytic cracking of VGO

The performance of a novel catalyst additive containing highly porous MCM-41 and ZSM-5 zeolite was investigated using a commercial equilibrium FCC catalyst in catalytic cracking of vacuum gas oil. The catalytic tests were assessed in a fixed-bed microactivity test unit at reaction temperatures 500–620 °C. The highest propylene yield of 23.8 wt% was achieved at 600 °C. The propylene yield increased from 14.49 wt% to 23.8 wt% when the temperature rose from 500 to 600 °C; however the gasoline yield fell from 22.47wt% to 16.49 wt% by increasing the temperature from 580 °C to 620 °C, respectively.     

Ni/（ZSM-5/MCM-41）催化剂的制备及其催化庚烷异构性能

以ZSM-5为硅源、NaOH为碱源、十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)为模板剂,采用水热合成法制备ZSM-5/MCM-41复合分子筛,并浸渍负载金属Ni,制得金属-酸中心双功能催化剂;利用X射线衍射光谱、N₂吸附-脱附、氨程序升温脱附和透射电镜等表征手段,考察碱溶条件及Ni负载量对催化剂结构和性能的影响;进而考察催化剂对正庚烷异构化反应的催化性能。结果表明：制备ZSM-5/MCM-41复合分子筛的最佳碱溶条件为NaOH浓度1.5 mol/L、碱溶温度为40℃、碱溶时间30 min;得到的复合分子筛的酸性适宜且具有典型的微孔/介孔复合结构;负载Ni后,金属Ni均匀地分散在复合分子筛表面;使用2%Ni/(ZSM-5/MCM-41)催化正庚烷异构化反应,在反应温度290℃下,正庚烷的转化率达65.44%,异庚烷的选择性达70.59%。     

ZSM-5/MCM-41介孔硅铝分子筛担载Pd和Pt制备加氢脱硫催化剂

将ZSM-5溶于偏硅酸钠水溶液,以十六烷基三甲基溴化铵作模板剂,用水热合成法自组装合成了具有较强酸性和不同SiO₂/Al₂O₃摩尔比(n(SiO₂)/n(Al₂O₃))的ZSM-5/MCM-41介孔硅铝分子筛（记为ZM(x),x=n(SiO₂)/n(Al₂O₃)）。以二苯并噻吩（DBT）质量分数为0.8%的十氢萘溶液为模型化合物,考察了Si-MCM-41和ZM(x)担载的Pd和Pt催化剂催化加氢脱硫（HDS）反应的活性。结果表明,担载Pt和Pd不会破坏ZM(x)的介孔结构;DBT在Pd催化剂上主要通过加氢路径脱硫,而在Pt催化剂上则直接脱硫和加氢2条反应路径并重;Si-MCM-41为载体的催化剂HDS活性较低并且失活较快,以ZM(x)为载体的Pd和Pt催化剂加氢活性、加氢脱硫活性、加氢裂化活性及稳定性都有显著提高;ZM(x)担载的Pt和Pd催化剂催化HDS反应的活性可能与其活性组分分散度以及载体的B酸和L酸比例（B/L）有关,具有较好的活性组分分散度和较高B/L比例的ZM(60)担载的Pd和Pt催化剂表现出最佳的加氢脱硫活性和稳定性。     

由MCM-22沸石结构前驱体合成介孔材料及其催化性能的研究

实验以两步晶化法,利用MCM-22沸石结构前驱体合成一种含介孔的催化材料,用XRD、N_2吸附-脱附、~(27)Al MAS NMR、NH_3-TPD对试样进行了表征。实验结果表明其孔径约为3.3 nm,比表面积为740～870m~2/g,其氢型试样除含有弱酸中心外,还含有强酸中心,总酸量为0.71～0.76 mmol/g。在115℃条件下,试样用于催化2,4-二叔丁基苯酚与叔丁基醇烷基化反应时,2,4-二叔丁基苯酚的转化率约为22%,2,4,6-三叔丁基苯酚的选择性约为49%,其催化活性高于微孔沸石Hβ和常规介孔分子筛HMCM-41。     

MCM—41分子筛的合成及应用

主要介绍了MCM－41分子筛的合成、结构、性能及在烷基化、催化裂化、重油加氢等石油化工过程和酸催化领域的应用现状。     

CoNiMo/MCM-41催化的二苯并噻吩加氢脱硫反应

 以质量分数为0.8 %的二苯并噻吩（DBT）的十氢萘溶液为模型化合物，考察了全硅MCM-41担载的CoMo、NiMo以及CoNiMo硫化物催化剂的加氢脱硫（HDS）反应性能。结果表明，DBT在NiMo/MCM-41催化剂上主要通过加氢反应路径脱硫，而在CoMo/MCM-41和CoNiMo/MCM-41催化剂上主要通过直接脱硫反应路径脱硫。NiMo/MCM-41催化剂的HDS活性远高于CoMo/MCM-41或CoNiMo/MCM-41催化剂。CoNiMo/MCM-41催化剂反应性能与CoMo/MCM-41催化剂相似，没有观察到明显的双助剂效应。根据紫外-可见漫反射光谱（UV-Vis）的测定结果，Co与Mo之间的相互作用比Ni与Mo之间的相互作用强，在CoNiMo/MCM-41催化剂中Co会优先与Mo结合，形成与CoMo/MCM-41催化剂中类似的活性相，表现出与CoMo/MCM-41催化剂相似的催化特性。     

含MCM-22分子筛催化剂的裂化反应性能研究

研究了ZSM-5，Beta，MCM-22分子筛分别作为FCC催化剂添加组分的性能。结果表明，催化剂中含MCM-22的汽油和柴油产率高于含ZSM-5，与含Beta相当；气体产物的产率低于ZSM-5，高于Beta而焦炭产率比二者都高。并且发现，含MCM-22的氢转移活性比含ZSM一5和含Beta高；裂化机理比率（CMR）低于ZSM-5．与Beta相当，说明在催化裂化反应中MCM-22晶体表面的12MR孔穴起重要作用。MCM-22的催化裂化反应性能介于ZSM-5和Beta之间，更接近于Beta．     

Synthesis and characterization of MCM-41-supported nano zirconia catalysts

Series of MCM-41 supported sulfated Zirconia (SZ) catalysts with different loadings (2.5–7.5% wt.) were prepared using direct impregnation method. The acquired solid catalysts were characterized structurally and chemically using X-RD, HRTEM, BET, FT-IR, Raman spectroscopy and TPD analysis. The acidity of the solid catalysts was investigated through cumene cracking and isopropanol dehydration at different temperatures. As the SZ loading increases, the surface acidity of the mesoporous catalysts was enhanced, this was reflected by the higher catalytic activity toward cumene cracking and isopropanol dehydration.     

Decalin ring opening reactions on ruthenium-containing zeolite MCM-41

Ruthenium catalysts supported on the mesoporous carrier MCM-41 were synthesized and characterized. It was found that the presence of the metal markedly accelerated decalin ring opening reactions as compared to the acid support alone, and it increases the selectivity owing to inhibition of protolytic cracking. It was shown that activity of ruthenium catalytic systems is lower than that of platinum catalysts supported on MCM-41 and much lower than the activity of platinum on zeolites. The low activity of catalytic systems based on the mesoporous support MCM-41 is due to its substantially lower acidity in comparison with zeolites beta and Y. Thus, it is concluded that the use of MCM-41 in decalin ring opening reactions is limited even in the presence of the metal, first of all, because of the low acidity of the support.     

MCM-41-HY介-微孔复合分子筛的水热合成及应用

 以微孔HY浆液为母液,合成了一种介-微孔复合分子筛HY/MCM-41。通过XRD,BET,NH3-TPD等手段对复合材料进行了表征,并对复合分子筛的水热稳定性进行了考察。结果表明,复合材料同时具有中孔分子筛MCM-41和微孔HY型沸石的特点,并且和纯MCM-41分子筛相比,复合分子筛的酸性明显增强,并且水热稳定性提高。利用一段串联加氢裂化工艺,考察了复合分子筛的催化性能。200ml固定床加氢装置评价结果表明,在控制原料>350℃馏分油转化率为75%的条件下,加氢裂化生成油C5+液收为98.51%,最大量柴油馏分的收率为69.09%,中油选择性80.5%,能满足工业装置最大量生产柴油的需要。     

微波法合成含磷MCM-41分子筛及催化性能研究

采用微波法合成了含磷MCM-41分子筛。运用XRD、SEM、NH3-TPD、BET、NMR手段对合成的分子筛进行表征。结果表明,该分子筛主要有弱酸和中强酸中心,无强酸中心,酸量为0.349 ~0.553 mmol/g;磷原子已经成功进入了分子筛的骨架结构。分别选用1,3,5-三异丙基苯和正十四烷作为反应物,使用自动微反装置,对分子筛进行催化活性的评价。结果表明,采用含磷MCM-41分子筛为催化剂,1,3,5-三异丙基苯的转化率为87.1%,正十四烷的转化率为56.2%,均高于MCM-41分子筛为催化剂时的转化率。     

MgAPO-5/MCM-41分子筛的表征及催化性能

 采用微波水热法合成了MgAPO-5/MCM-41分子筛。考察了晶化温度对分子筛合成和性质的影响，并通过XRD、NH₃-TPD、TEM、NMR等分析手段对合成的样品进行了表征。结果表明，当晶化温度为90℃时，合成的样品具有微孔结构和MCM-41特有的六方排列的孔道结构，P原子和Al原子都进入了分子筛的骨架，并且具有较高的有序度、比表面积、孔容和平均孔径。Mg的掺入能显著提高分子筛的酸性。用MgAPO-5/MCM-41分子筛催化苯与α-十二烯的烷基化反应时，α-十二烯的转化率可达到99%以上，2-苯基十二烷的选择性达到20%以上，但该分子筛稳定性不高。     

具有FER结构复合分子筛的合成与催化性能

采用碱溶液降解法降解 FER 分子筛作硅源,获得具有 FER 结构的微、介孔复合分子筛材料。采用 XRD、SEM、N₂吸附-脱附、DTG、NH₃-TPD 等手段对该复合分子筛材料进行了表征,并以甲醇转化作为探针反应,考察了其催化性能。结果表明,复合分子筛材料同时具有 FER 微孔和 MCM-41介孔的特点,其介孔相与纯 MCM-41相比孔壁增厚;通过改变降解时间可以制备适度微/介孔比例和酸性质的复合分子筛材料,从而在甲醇转化反应中获得较高的烯烃收率。     

无机盐的加入对纯硅MCM-41中孔材料合成和稳定性的影响

考察了在水热条件下合成纯硅MCM-41中孔分子筛时，加入NH4Cl、NaCl和NaF对其合成及稳定性的影响。采用XRD、低温N2吸附等手段表征了合成所得样品。结果表明，采用加入无机盐的方法可调节MCM-41的孔径大小；也可导致合成产物中间相发生变化。无机盐的加入可有效地提高所合成样品XRD的特征衍射峰（100）强度和稳定性，且以NH4Cl的加入最为明显。随着NH4Cl加入量的增加，合成产物的物相由一维六方有序结构MCM-41向三维似螺旋结构KIT-1过渡。当NH4Cl与表面活性剂的摩尔比为0．2时，在130℃下水热晶化96h，能制得稳定性好的中孔材料MCM-41，可在沸水中稳定保持2h以上．而不造成孔道结构的明显变化。     

SiW/ZrO_2/MCM-41催化苯甲醚酰化反应

采用逐层浸渍法制备了MCM-41介孔分子筛负载ZrO2及硅钨酸(SiW)催化剂,考察了催化剂在以苯甲醚为原料、乙酸酐为酰化试剂的Friedel-Crafts酰化反应中的催化活性,同时对催化剂进行XRD、N2吸-脱附测试、DSC、FTIR、NH3-TPD等表征,研究了ZrO2与SiW及载体之间的相互作用对催化剂活性的影响。实验结果表明,SiW直接负载到MCM-41后,SiW与载体发生相互作用使Keggin结构发生畸变,导致活性下降;但SiW通过ZrO2接枝负载到MCM-41后,SiW较好地分散在载体表面且保持了完整的Keggin结构,SiW与ZrO2间的相互作用增加了催化剂上强酸中心的数目,显著提高了催化活性。催化剂的最佳制备条件为:ZrO2负载量20%(w),SiW负载量60%(w),焙烧温度200℃;最佳反应条件为:反应时间4 h,反应温度110℃,催化剂用量为0.2 g(基于10 mmol乙酸酐),苯甲醚与乙酸酐的摩尔比10。     

中孔ZSM-5沸石的制备及其催化裂解性能

采用碱处理脱硅制备了中孔ZSM-5沸石,考察了不同碱处理方式对ZSM-5沸石的酸性质和孔结构的影响,采用XRD、NH3-TPD、SEM、N2吸附-脱附、FT-IR等手段对碱处理ZSM-5沸石进行表征,研究了碱处理ZSM-5沸石对裂解正构烷烃nC14、1,3,5-三异丙基苯和轻柴油裂化反应的催化性能。结果表明：碱处理ZSM-5沸石的中孔比表面积、中孔孔体积以及酸量均比工业ZSM-5沸石有所增加,在催化裂解nC14时,促进了己烷的进一步裂解,提高了产物中戊烷的选择性;在催化裂解1,3,5-三异丙基苯时加深了裂解程度,提高了初级裂解产物二异丙苯和深度裂解产物苯的选择性;在催化裂解轻柴油时,增加了汽油收率。并且,加入TPA+阳离子与NaOH的混合碱液比加入单一的NaOH碱溶液更能促进ZSM-5沸石表面脱硅,使得表面富铝,促进了中孔结构的形成,进一步增大了中孔比表面积和中孔孔体积,增加了酸量,提高了ZSM-5沸石的催化裂解性能。     

MCM-41中孔分子筛研究进展

综述了MCM-41中孔分子筛的合成方法、形成机理，从应用的角度分析探讨了分子筛改性研究，重点介绍了中孔分子筛增大孔径的几种方法。概述了MCM-41中孔分子筛在石油化工领域的应用发展情况，并对应用前景进行了分析。