P204-TBP协萃体系从高浓度硫酸钴溶液中萃取分离Mn和Ca

针对从高浓度硫酸钴料液中分离钴锰相关研究较少的问题,采用P204与TBP形成的混合萃取体系从工业高浓度硫酸钴溶液中萃取分离Ca~(2+)、Co~(2+)、Mn~(2+),考察了萃取平衡pH、TBP体积分数、萃取相比、有机相皂化度对Ca~(2+)、Co~(2+)、Mn~(2+)萃取率的影响,并通过对有机相的洗涤来分离Ca~(2+)、Co~(2+)、Mn~(2+)。结果表明,以25%P204+10%TBP为萃取剂,65%煤油为稀释剂,在水相平衡pH为3.7,皂化率为45%和相比O/A为1∶2的条件下,Ca~(2+)、Co~(2+)及Mn~(2+)的萃取率分别为88.1%、69.8%和19.3%;再以30g/L硫酸锰溶液为洗涤液,在水相平衡pH为3.5、相比O/A为20∶1、洗涤级数为4的洗涤条件下,负载有机相中Mn~(2+)浓度为7.14g/L,Ca~2和Co~(2+)浓度分别仅为0.05g/L和0.14g/L。该工艺有效实现了高浓度硫酸钴溶液中钴、锰、钙的分离。     

基于正交设计的X100管线钢焊接接头工艺性能

 以优化焊接工艺性为出发点,建立Al2O3、TiO2、ZrO2、SiO2为因素的正交试验,并利用光学显微镜、拉伸-冲击材料试验机对X100管线钢焊缝组织与力学性能进行了研究。结果表明,在质量分数为Al2O3 10%,TiO2 6%, ZrO2 7%,SiO2 20%时焊接工艺值最高,焊缝主要显微组织为针状铁素体和粒状贝氏体,熔敷金属最高抗拉强度达781.4MPa,为母材的93.3%,冲击功(-20℃)均大于90J。     

化学包覆法制备TiO_2/SiO_2复合物

与TiO2光催化剂相比,以SiO2为载体或内核制备的TiO2/SiO2复合催化剂,其表面活性、光催化活性和热稳定性都更高。以粉煤灰为原料制备的沉淀SiO2为硅源,钛酸四丁酯为钛源,采用化学包覆法制备TiO2/SiO2复合物,采用扫描电镜(XRD)、红外光谱(FT-IR)和差热分析(TG-DTA)等测试手段对该复合物进行表征。FT-IR和TG-DTA分析证实,SiO2被TiO2有效包覆。复合物热稳定性较高,经700℃焙烧4 h后,SiO2仍为无定形,TiO2以锐钛矿相为主;在900℃焙烧后,TiO2大部分由锐钛矿相转变为金红石相。     

含砷电积脱铜液制备三氧化二砷的工艺研究

以含砷电积脱铜液为研究对象,采用SO_2还原其中的As(Ⅴ)制备As_2O_3,实现有价元素的回收。结果表明:反应温度为60℃、酸浓度18.00%、反应时间3 h,SO_2通入量20 L/h条件下,As_2O_3纯度为99.63%,As_2O_3直收率为88.05%,还原反应SO_2利用率为35.85%。     

N_2O-C_2H_2火焰原子吸收光谱法测定铝合金中钛

运用了N2O-C2H2火焰原子吸收光谱法测定铝合金中含钛量。选择了钛的共振线为364.3 nm、灯电流为9 mA、燃烧器高度为13 mm、N2O-C2H2火焰等最佳测定条件。在测定过程中对样品干扰因素进行了综合考虑,结果表明:选择N2O-C2H2高温火焰能消除在低温火焰分析时出现的化学和物理干扰,加入适量的偏硼酸锂、氯化锶能消除大量铜、铁的干扰。Ti2+的质量浓度在1.0~60μg/mL范围内符合比尔定律,线性校正曲线的回归方程为A=0.075 4ρ+0.004 5,方法检出限为0.045μg/mL。方法     

TiO2掺杂CeO2催化超声降解甲基橙

以合成TiO2掺杂CeO2作为催化剂,以超声降解甲基橙反应为模型,研究了各种因素对TiO2掺杂CeO2催化超声降解甲基橙溶液的影响。结果表明,在TiO2(掺杂CeO2)催化剂作用下超声降解甲基橙的效果明显优于单纯以锐钛矿型TiO2催化时的情况。TiO2(掺杂CeO2)用量为0.5 g/L～1.0 g/L、超声波频率为25 kHz、输出功率为1.0 W/cm2、pH值为1.0～3.0时,初始浓度为20 mg/L的甲基橙水溶液在80 min左右基本可降解完全,COD的去除率达到了99.0%。     

从铜阳极泥分铜渣碱浸液中回收碲

研究了以Na_2SO_3预还原,Na_2S除铅、铜,调pH水解法从铜阳极泥分铜渣超声强化氧化碱浸液中回收碲。结果表明:在Na_2SO_3用量为理论量的1.0倍、还原时间9 min、还原温度70℃条件下,碲还原率为92.27%;在Na_2S添加量为理论量的1.0倍、反应时间10 min、温度60℃条件下,还原液中Pb~(2+)、Cu~(2+)脱除率分别为86.8%、95.7%;除杂液调整pH为4.0左右,在反应时间10 min、反应温度90℃条件下,碲水解为TeO_2,水解率达98.44%,所得TeO_2粉末纯度为89.69%。     

锰浸出液制备棒状β-MnO2纳米材料

湿法浸出锰矿或锰渣中的锰得到的硫酸锰浸出液中含有钙、镁杂质离子,对后续锰产品的纯度造成很大影响。为深度除硫酸锰浸出液中的Ca2+、Mg2+,并最大化利用锰浸出液,可以将净化后的锰浸出液制备成高附加值的MnO2纳米材料。以含钙、镁的硫酸锰浸出液为研究对象,将锰浸出液除钙、镁后,以(NH4)2S2O8为氧化剂,采用水热法将净化后的锰浸出液制备成高附加值的MnO2纳米材料,探究溶液的pH、反应温度、反应时间对制备MnO2纳米棒物相和形貌的影响。结果表明：当反应温度为150 ℃、反应时间为10 h、加入氧化剂用量为理论量、反应pH为1~7的条件下制备出的β-MnO2结晶度最好。     

熔融制样-X射线荧光光谱法测定磷矿石中主次组分

磷矿石是一种不可再生资源,其伴生组分F等也有较高的利用价值,熔片法处理样品后以X射线荧光光谱法(XRF)测定磷矿石中难挥发组分具有精密度高、准确度好的特点,但组分F在高温条件下易挥发,检出限偏高。文章重点研究了F组分高温挥发特性,建立了熔融制样-X射线荧光光谱仪测定磷矿石中P_2O_5、F、SiO_2、Al_2O_3、Fe_2O_3、MgO、CaO、Na_2O、K_2O、TiO_2、MnO和SrO等12种组分的分析测试方法。通过试验确定的分析条件为:稀释比为1∶15,预氧化温度为700℃,熔样温度为1 050℃,熔样时间为4 min。方法中,F、MgO、K_2O为造岩轻组分,无须基体校正;SrO采用Rhα-c作内标;P_2O_5、SiO_2、Al_2O_3、Fe_2O_3、CaO、Na_2O、TiO_2和MnO组分采用理论系数法校正基体效应。方法检出限在0.000 2%~0.042%之间,特别是F组分的检出限可达到0.042%。以GBW07210和GBW07212为对象考察方法精密度,各组分测定结果的相对标准偏差(RSD,n=12)在0.07%~5.1%之间;采用实验方法分析磷矿石标国家标样,及由标准样品合成的样品,测定值与认定值或理论值吻合良好。     

碳对二硅化钼复合材料性能的影响

采用热压烧结工艺制得了2％C/MoSi_2(质量分数)复合材料,并测定了材料的显微组织和结构、室温和高温力学性能、耐磨性能以及电阻率。结果表明:C/MoSi_2复合材料由大量的MoSi_2,Mo_5Si_3和少量的β-SiC组成;其维氏硬度为1 060,抗弯强度为470 MPa,断裂韧性为5.12 MPa·m~(1/2);800℃的维氏硬度为750 Hv,1200℃的抗压强度为450MPa,1400℃的抗压强度为142MPa;在Al_2O_3和SiC磨盘上表现出优异的耐磨性能,材料的电阻率为34.9 μΩ·cm。与纯MoSi_2相比,C/MoSi_2复合材料在硬度、抗弯强度、断裂韧性、高温抗压强度、弹性模量和耐磨性能等方面都有较大的提高。     

History of the study of and the current data on the geographic range of the greater gerbil (Rhombomys opimus Licht., 1823) in Mongolia

The history of studies of the great gerbil range was analyzed and position of the range boundaries was made more precise on the basis of the published data, museum collections, various natural maps, and authors' field observations. A scheme of the range regionalization is presented, in which three regional complexes of autonomous population groups are distinguished: Djungarian, Central Gobi, and East Gobi-Alashan'. Five autonomous population groups have also been isolated, which are located to the north of the main range: Shargin Gobi (?), Beger-nur, Orok-nur, Bulgan, and Bayan-dov. Regions with most favorable conditions for the great gerbil colonies were also shown.     

X射线荧光光谱法测定锆英砂中主次成分

采用熔融玻璃片法制样,建立了测定锆英砂中ZrO2,HfO2,SiO2,Al2O3,TiO2,Fe2O3,CaO,MgO主次成分的X射线荧光光谱分析方法。以标准物质与光谱纯氧化锆配制锆英砂标样系列,解决了锆英石标准样品不足的问题。采用理论α系数和经验系数相结合的方法校正基体效应,并对测量条件、熔融制样条件进行了探讨。方法用于锆英砂中主、次成分的测定,结果与化学分析法吻合,相对标准偏差(RSD,n=12)均小于2.5%,能满足锆英砂中各成分的检测要求。     

Water Film in Liquefied Sand and Its Effect on Lateral Spread

A 1D saturated sand layer of 2 m in thickness, in which a silt seam is sandwiched, is liquefied by an instant shock. It is found that a water film is easily formed beneath the silt seam with a thickness as thin as a few millimeters just after liquefaction in loose sand and that the film lasts longer than the post-liquefaction settlement. The effect of the water film on pore-pressure distribution and sand settlement is intensively studied. 1g shake table tests are then carried out for 2D models with or without seams of silt within a saturated sand layer. In the former case, water films formed beneath silt seams just after liquefaction enable the soil mass above them to glide due to an unbalanced force along the water films, not only during but also after shaking. In the latter case, the soil deforms continuously, mostly during shaking, and stops afterward. Thus, a significant effect of water films formed beneath thin, low-permeability sublayers in a liquefied loose sand, on the failure mode and timing in lateral spread, is clearly demonstrated by these simple model tests.     

土壤地球化学测量在金矿的应用

东金滩金矿地球化学景观属于甘肃北山干旱荒漠戈壁残山区,通过1:1万土壤侧量对成矿及伴生元素的富集特征、组合特征及异常特征进行了分析,并圈定了单元素异常和综合异常。对圈定的10处综合异常进行异常查证,HT1、HT3、HT5、HT6均发现矿化体,尤其是HT3、HT5异常具有进一步开展勘查工作的潜力,实现了找矿突破。     

湖南醴陵浦口地区石英砂砾岩综合利用试验研究

针对湖南省醴陵市浦口地区樟树湾组中的沉积型石英砂岩矿矿石中有害杂质Fe2O3 、Al2O3含量不符合要求的问题,通过查明矿石中矿物特征、各种组分含量以及赋存状态,选定脱泥-磨矿-磁选-分级-磨矿-混合酸浸出的石英砂提纯试验流程,结果显示,最终获得的0.417 ～0.104mm普通石英砂产品中含SiO299.80％、Fe...     

新疆哈密东戈壁钼矿床物化探异常特征及找矿模型

通过对东戈壁钼矿的成矿机理、地球物理及化学特征、围岩蚀变及分带、找矿标志等地质特征的分析总结,建立了东戈壁钼矿的综合信息找矿模型,为在区域范围内开展同类型矿床的找矿工作提供了新的思路和方向。     

Development of food recognition in young chicks: III. Discrimination.

Previous studies show that the pecking rate of naive 3-day-old chicks increases after ingestion of food and decreases after ingestion of sand, but these changes have not been specific to the stimulus that was ingested. In the present experiments with a total of 450 Burmese Red Junglefowl chicks, Exps I and II showed that neither 1 nor 4 10-min simultaneous-choice tests were sufficient for discrimination to be shown between food and sand. Exp III showed that many hours of experience with food or sand were sufficient for discrimination if Ss were tested for 10 min with only 1 stimulus at a time. Similar results were found in Exp IV in which Ss had only 10 min of experience with food or sand. Pecking rates to food and sand were the same during the 1st 2 min of the test and only later diverged. These results imply that the discrimination is based on feedback that develops 2-3 min after ingestion but develops only if chicks have had previous experience with food or sand. (15 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Process for improving the ladle free-opening rate for high aluminum steel in continuous casting

Steel 20Mn23AlV is a type of high aluminum steel with a very low ladle free-opening rate. The aluminum composition of 20Mn23AlV ranges from 1. 6% to 2. 45%,which is significantly higher than other types of steel.According to the real condition of 40 t ladle in steel-making plant of Baosteel Special Steel Company,previous works show that the key factors affecting the ladle free-opening rate of high aluminum steel in continuous casting are: sand material,accessories baking,ladle nozzle cleaning,the process and amount of adding sand,and the rate of argon stirring during refining. Therefore,improving the ladle filler sand quality,baking all of the raw materials,controlling the addition of ladle filler sand,cleaning the ladle nozzle,and optimizing argon stirring during the refining process can resolve the problem of a low ladle free-opening rate of high aluminum steel caused by the long ladle time of liquid steel.     

应用碱性酚醛树脂砂制纯铜冷却板砂芯的工艺介绍

纯铜冷却板的内腔砂芯材料采用水玻璃CO2砂,近年来由于纯铜冷却板结构设计的改进,内腔结构逐渐复杂,给纯铜冷却板的铸造过程带来难度.本文经过长期生产试验,根据生产条件及树脂砂的溃散性、发气量、强度性能,可使用时间与可脱模时间的关系因素,选用酯硬化碱性酚醛树脂砂制作纯铜冷却板砂芯,找出了合理的工艺方案,生产大批高质量纯铜冷却板.     

Multimodality (auditory, visual and somatosensory) evoked potentials in the sand rat, Psammomys obesus

Multimodality (auditory, visual and somatosensory) evoked potentials were recorded in the sand rat (Psammomys obesus) and compared to those obtained in albino rats, under almost identical conditions. Clear responses could be obtained from each species. The evoked potentials from the sand rat were qualitatively similar in waveform, latency and amplitude to those recorded in albino rats. Since there is a strain of sand rat which develops diabetes when on standard chow and since the sand rat has adapted to the desert environment, further study should involve evoked potential recordings in sand rats during hyper- and hypothermia and in diabetic sand rats.