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综述了水相中咪唑啉两性乙酸钠表面活性剂的合成工艺。主要介绍了咪唑啉中间体的合成方法、影响因素以及环状咪唑啉中间体的水解;重点阐述了咪唑啉两性乙酸钠可能存在的化学结构以及咪唑啉中间体与氯乙酸钠反应的条件;分析了影响咪唑啉两性乙酸钠黏度和稳定性的因素。 相似文献
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咪唑啉型缓蚀剂合成方法的研究现状 总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11
简要概述了咪唑啉型缓蚀剂的基本结构及其缓蚀机理 ,并对咪唑啉型缓蚀剂的结构对该类缓蚀剂的缓蚀性能的影响进行了初步的概括 ,主要介绍了国内关于咪唑啉型缓蚀剂常见的几种合成方法以及其定性分析方法 ,系统的阐述了各种反应条件诸如温度、压力等对咪唑啉系列缓蚀剂的合成反应的影响。同时 ,也对国内咪唑啉类系列化合物合成的研究现状进行了简要的概括和总结 相似文献
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从合成和应用两个方面综述了近些年咪唑啉型Gemini表面活性剂的进展,包括归纳现有的咪唑啉型Gemini表面活性剂的合成方法及路线,按照不同的结构特点进行分析比较,并整理了目前咪唑啉型Gemini表面活性剂在金属防腐、乳化、材料制备等方面的应用,并将其与单体咪唑啉表面活性剂进行了对比,体现了其结构变化导致性能的优越性。同时,对目前咪唑啉型Gemini表面活性剂发展过程中存在的问题进行了分析,并对今后咪唑啉型Gemini表面活性剂的发展方向与应用前景进行了展望。 相似文献
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咪唑啉及其衍生物的缓蚀作用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
概述了咪唑啉型缓蚀剂研究的发展和缓蚀剂缓蚀机理研究方法的发展,重点讨论了咪唑啉及其衍生物的结构特点、缓蚀作用的电化学特征、在金属表面的吸附特征、咪唑啉及其衍生物的分子结构与其缓蚀作用的关系,探讨了查明咪唑啉及其衍生物的缓蚀机理对设计新型的缓蚀剂分子,进一步开发高效低毒的缓蚀剂品种的意义. 相似文献
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按照四乙烯五胺∶壬酸∶冰乙酸的摩尔比为1∶1∶4.5进行反应物料配制,以甲苯为携水剂,通过端基酰胺化脱水反应、乙酰胺化脱水反应和环化脱水反应,最终制备合成了水溶性咪唑啉酰胺。依据国标方法对水溶性咪唑啉酰胺在不同质量分数下进行水溶性测试研究。结果表明,制备合成的水溶性咪唑啉酰胺具有良好的水溶性。利用GaussView 6可视化软件对水溶性咪唑啉酰胺分子进行结构优化,获得了最高占据分子轨道HOMO和最低未占分子轨道LUMO能量分布图,通过Gaussian 16软件的量化模拟计算分析,得到了最高占据轨道能量(EHOMO)和最低未占轨道能量(ELUMO),根据前线轨道理论,揭示了水溶性咪唑啉酰胺的缓蚀性能。同时,利用失重法对水溶性咪唑啉酰胺的缓蚀性能进行研究,并根据扫描电镜(SEM)形貌分析,进一步证明了合成的水溶性咪唑啉酰胺具有良好的缓蚀效果。 相似文献
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咪唑啉还原开环合成双阳离子表面活性剂DC-12 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
着重研究了经咪唑啉中间体制备双阳离子表面活性剂DC 12的工艺条件,并探讨了咪唑啉还原开环反应和影响反应的因素。结果表明,以月桂酸和乙二胺为原料,经环化、还原开环和季铵化可得到阳离子表面活性剂DC 12。咪唑啉还原开环反应的适宜条件为:20℃,pH=7,咪唑啉中间体与NaHB4的摩尔比为1∶2,反应1h,异丙醇作溶剂。 相似文献
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综述了开关型表面活性剂的性能及应用现状.其中电化学开关表面活性剂主要介绍了二茂铁类,同时还包括吡嗪类和二硫基类;光开关型表面活性剂主要介绍了偶氮苯基和苯乙烯基表面活性剂;酸碱开关表面活性剂介绍了AMI,AFD4和PLLA/PEG - PSD; CO2开关表面活性剂主要介绍了长链烷基脒的乳化性能及其在乳液聚合中的应用;同时介绍了NIPAM - co - PEGMa,亚胺类温度开关表面活性剂.展望了开关型表面活性剂的应用领域和发展趋势. 相似文献
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中国石油对外依存度持续上升,而采收率持续下降。中国剩余石油储量中大部分为高温高盐、低渗透、稠油油藏等难以开采的苛刻油藏。化学驱强化采油技术目前所使用的石油磺酸盐、烷基苯磺酸盐等常规表面活性剂由于活性低、耐盐性差而导致低效甚至无效。综述了新型表面活性剂,如阴-非离子表面活性剂、双子及寡聚表面活性剂、甜菜碱型两性表面活性剂、高分子表面活性剂、烷基糖苷表面活性剂、黏弹性表面活性剂、生物表面活性剂、阴阳离子混合表面活性剂等的研究进展。讨论了国内外强化采油用表面活性剂评价方法的差异。最后,对采油用表面活性剂的发展方向进行了展望。 相似文献
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Surfactants in water-borne paints 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
Ann-Charlotte Hellgren Peter Weissenborn Krister Holmberg 《Progress in Organic Coatings》1999,35(1-4):79-87
The main uses of surfactants in water-borne coatings are discussed. Special attention is put on the use of surfactants in latex polymerization and in post-emulsification of binders, such as alkyd resins. The advantage of polymerizable surfactants as emulsifier is pointed out and the use of atomic force microscopy (AFM) to observe differences in film properties between formulations based on polymerizable surfactants and on conventional surfactants is illustrated. The paper further discusses the problem of competitive adsorption between surfactants and between surfactant and associative thickener in paint formulations. 相似文献
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两性表面活性剂(五)两性表面活性剂的生理活性 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
介绍了两性表面活性剂的生理活性,指出两性表面活性剂的毒性与非离子表面活性剂一样比离子型表面活性剂的低,甚至比乙醇的还要低,两性表面活性剂对高等生物的致突变作用不明显,但对低等生物却具有较强制 杀来作用,详细讨论他两性表面活性剂对皮肤和眼睛的刺激性,并指出利用两性表面活性剂对阴离子表面活性剂的争毒性是配制温和性配方的重要手段。 相似文献
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表面活性剂的绿色化学进展 总被引:11,自引:1,他引:10
综述了表面活性剂绿色化学的进展情况。通过分子设计或改进 ,提高表面活性剂的环境相容性和对人体的安全性 ;改进表面活性剂的合成路线和工艺条件 ,提高反应转化率 ,避免或降低表面活性剂中的有害成份 ,实现生产过程中无“三废”排放 ;运用可再生资源生产表面活性剂 ,以利于可持续发展 ;通过表面活性剂的绿色应用 ,提高效率促进相关行业 ,减少环境污染 相似文献
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P. Krings 《European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology》1974,76(3):116-119
Nonionic Surfactants for Special Washing Agents The use of fatty alcoholethoxylates and alkylphenolethoxylates as surfactants for washing agents has considerably increased during the past years. These surfactants show, especially on synthetic fabrics, a superior washing action compared to anion-active surfactants. Owing to superior biodegradability, the ethoxylated primary and secondary alcohols are used in washing and cleansing agents in preference to poorly biodegradable ethoxylated alkylphenols which, in the future, are likely to lose their significance as surfactants for washing agents. At present an extensive use of nonionic surfactants in amounts comparable to anionic surfactants is limited by the relatively high price of the former and the difficulties involved in their processing. 相似文献
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《Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry》2014,20(6):4463-4472
In this study, esterification reaction between four different fatty alcohols (octyl, dodecyl, hexdecyl and octadecyl alcohol) and phosphoric acid was performed. The produced compound was reacted with polyethylene glycol-400. Then, the reaction product was quenched using sodium hydroxide to form the desired anionic gemini surfactants. The chemical structures of the synthesized surfactants were recognized by FT-IR and 1H NMR spectroscopy. The synthesized surfactants showed higher surface activity. The emulsion stability measurements showed the applicability of these surfactants as emulsifying agents. The foaming power measurements showed the synthesized surfactants have low ability to foam formation. The thermodynamic parameters showed their tendency toward adsorption at the interfaces and also micellization in the bulk of their solutions. The studied surfactants were evaluated as antimicrobial agents against pathogenic bacteria using inhibition zone diameters. The synthesized surfactants showed good antimicrobial activities against the tested microorganisms including Gram positive, Gram negative as well as fungi. The promising inhibition efficiency of these compounds against the pathogenic bacteria facilitates them to be applicable in the petroleum field as new categories of biocides. 相似文献
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Fu Han Yun-yun Deng Ya-wen Zhou Bao-cai Xu 《Journal of surfactants and detergents》2012,15(2):123-129
Silicone surfactants have been widely used in our daily life and many industrial fields on the basis of their unusual properties.
Only in the past decades has the use of silicone as a hydrophobic building block for the preparation of surfactants become
common. The recent trend to combine silicone, polyoxyalkylene and carbohydrate moieties in the same molecule has resulted
in a plethora of new compounds with new properties. The generic structure and surface activity of silicone surfactants are
reviewed in this article. Especially, the preparation, properties and application of carbohydrate-modified silicone surfactants
such as glucosamide-containing and glycoside-containing silicone surfactants are described in detail. In addition, the future
development of silicone surfactants is discussed. 相似文献