悬浮状态下磷石膏分解规律的研究

在对分散态磷石膏分解反应动力学研究的基础上，根据悬浮态分解反应的试验结果，探讨了磷石膏物料的分解规律，进一步验证了分散态试验的研究结论，阐述了温度、气氛及物料的停留时间对分解过程的影响，对磷石膏分解反应器一分解炉的设计和操作，具有一定的指导意义。     

高温,悬浮态气固反应试验台的开发及水泥生料分解动力学的研究

作者开发的高温、悬浮态气固反应试验台是目前国内最先进的气固反应试验装置，它能够比较接近生产实际状况地对各种水泥粉料进行悬浮态气固反应动力学研究，试验结果和反应器的形式无关，其规律可用来定量地指导工业反应器──分解炉的设计和操作。在该试验台上，进行了ＣａＣＯ３分解动力学研究，得到了一些新的结论。     

平衡分解率模拟分解炉工艺特性

应用高温、悬浮态气固反应试验台测得的碳酸钙平衡分解率，建立了分解炉的数学模型，并针对某水泥厂的物料及工艺参数进行了分解炉工艺特性模拟实验，提出了用平衡因子评价实际分解炉状态的概念，其模拟结果与实际情况有很好的可比性。这种模型可用于各种类型分解炉的工艺特性研究、工业设计和生产控制。     

分解炉物料循环对分解率影响的数学模型

针对循环式分解炉物料循环特征，通过建立系统的物料平衡及物料中ＣａＯ平衡数学关系式，推导出分解炉物料循环率对最终分解率影响的数学模型。通过模型计算进而分析了循环率及预热分离器分离效率对分解率的影响规律。     

再循环式分解炉的生料分解率

通过建立再循环式分解炉及预热器的总物料平衡及生料中部分化学组份ＣａＯ的平衡关系，推导出分解炉物料循环率对物料最终分解率影响的数学模型，进而分析了循环率及预热器分离效率对物料最终分解率的影响规律。     

磷石膏分解工业反应动力学的研究

为开发磷石膏分解新技术，在模拟工况操作特性的模拟试验装置中进行了磷石膏分解的工业反应动力学试验，研究了温度，气氛，停留时间，生料化学组成，焦炭等不同影响因素以及“还原气氛－氧化气氛”区对磷石膏生料分解反应动力学的作用规律。结果表明，在１０６０－１１００℃的弱还原气氛和１１００℃的弱氧化气氛中分别停留３－５ｍｉｎ，磷石膏生料的脱硫率可达９５％以上。对比水泥生料中ＣａＣＯ３的悬浮态分解结果可以预测在同     

水泥生料的分解模拟实验

应用高温气固悬浮实验台对水泥生料在预分解炉中分解动力学的过程进行了模拟实验。利用实验系统的传递函数对检测数据进行修正,建立了生料分解的动力学机理模型,获取了动力学参数。实验中还初步分析了生料与煤焦物性之间的相互作用。结果表明：模拟实验能较好地反映水泥生料在工业分解炉中的分解过程,界面化学反应的收缩圆柱体模型较好地符合实验数据。耦合实验表明：某些物料间有明显的相互作用。     

浅析RSP分解炉二次燃烧工艺

根据悬浮态下ＲＳＰ分解炉内燃烧与分解反应的特点，计算了ＳＣ室与ＭＣ室的煤粉燃尽度和生料分解率，并在此基础上，分析了二次燃烧工艺，为进一步优化ＲＳＰ分解炉燃烧与分解环境提供了必要的基础。     

RSP型预分解窑系统的改造

我公司Φ２．８m／２．４m×４０mRSP－４型预分解窑生产线于１９７９年建成，属于第一代RSP型试验窑，设计能力３００t／d。自投产以来，通过小改小革，回转窑达到了设计能力，但存在能耗高、入窑分解率低及产质量不稳定等问题。为此，于２００１年３月对回转窑系统进行了改造，使窑生产能力提高到５００t／d以上。１存在的问题１）分解炉炉体容积小，物料在MC室停留时间短，煤粉在炉内不能完全燃烧，常出现分解炉和C４筒温度倒挂现象，造成预热器超温，C３经常堵塞，物料分解率只有４０％左右。２）“V”型三次风管阻力太大，一般为…     

窑外分解窑内结大块的显微结构及其形成过程的分析研究

采用扫描电子显微镜（ＳＥＭ）和Ｘ射线能谱仪（ＥＤＳ）观测了宣化水泥厂预分解窑内大块各层的显微结构及其组成，并对其形成过程进行了分析研究。研究结果表明：大块中碱、氯、硫等有害成分含量高，主要含有ＣａＳＯ_４、Ｋ_２ＳＯ_４、ＫＣｌ、２Ｃ_２Ｓ·ＣａＳＯ_４、２ＣａＳＯ_４·Ｋ_２ＳＯ_４等化合物。入窑生料化学成分不稳定，分解炉内煤粉不完全燃烧，窑炉热工制度紊乱，是大块形成的直接原因。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。