不同水环境下高分子材料改性粉土的试验研究

针对粉土的不良工程特性,采用高分子材料对粉土进行改性。通过无侧限抗压强度、干密度与含水率的变化曲线确定其最优含水率;对最优含水率的改性粉土进行渗透试验、毛细水上升试验、抗冲刷试验以及干湿循环作用下强度特性试验。研究表明：①改性粉土渗透系数得到了明显的降低;②改性粉土毛细水作用得到了明显改善,毛细水作用的上升高度大幅度降低;③随降水时间的延长,试样质量损失呈递增的变化规律,但递增量很小,表明改性粉土有较好的抗冲刷能力;④随干湿循环次数的增加,强度衰减较弱,破坏应变与最大应力变化很小;⑤土经高分子材料改性后,有较好的水稳定性,适于粉土地区高速公路建设中,作为路基填土使用。     

干湿循环条件下水泥粉煤灰固化南沙淤泥土试验研究

通过水泥和粉煤灰等固化剂对南沙淤泥进行固化处理,并在模拟滨海环境下进行干湿循环试验,通过无侧限抗压强度试验、直剪试验、扫描电镜试验,研究不同干湿循环次数和不同水泥粉煤灰掺量对其力学性能和微观结构的影响。研究结果表明:固化淤泥土的内摩擦角、黏聚力、无侧限抗压强度随干湿循环次数的增加而呈现先上升后下降的特点,随着水泥,粉煤灰掺量的增加而增加。微观试验结果表明:干湿循环影响固化淤泥土中胶凝体晶体颗粒的生成,从而影响固化土结构的致密性。     

水泥搅拌桩桩体性能劣化对盐渍软弱土路基沉降影响研究

为研究盐渍软弱土路基地区水泥搅拌桩桩体水泥土劣化规律及对路基沉降影响,设计了盐溶液干湿循环制度,并进行了5种不同配合比水泥土在5、15、20次盐溶液干湿循环作用后的无侧限抗压强度测试.结果表明,在干湿循环5次时,由于盐溶液中硫酸盐的结晶膨胀填充作用和对矿物掺合料的激发作用,使水泥土更加密实,强度提高;但采用普通硅酸盐水...     

改良膨胀土的干湿循环特性试验研究

干湿循环作用对改良膨胀土的工程性质存在重要的影响,而目前这方面的研究成果很少。以掺石灰和粉煤灰改良的典型合肥膨胀土为研究对象,通过系统的室内试验,研究在干湿循环作用下,改良膨胀土的膨胀性、界限含水量、颗粒分布以及无侧限抗压强度等方面的变化规律,深入探讨干湿循环作用对改良膨胀土工程性质的影响。结果表明,改良膨胀土的膨胀量、液限、塑性指数、黏粒含量随干湿循环次数的增加而增大,而塑限、粉粒含量以及无侧限抗压强度则随干湿循环次数的增加而减小。     

崩解性砂岩改良膨胀土的裂隙发育规律研究

文章以引江济淮项目膨胀土、崩解性砂岩为研究对象,利用崩解性砂岩对膨胀土进行改良,通过室内干湿循环试验研究干湿循环对砂岩改良土的裂隙宽度发展情况的影响。试验结果表明：在持续的水分蒸发过程中,砂岩改良土的裂隙宽度发展较均匀,持续的水分蒸发对砂岩改良土的影响较小;随着干湿循环次数的增加,砂岩改良土的蒸发速率和残余含水率变化幅度较小,改良后土体水分蒸发受干湿循环的影响减小;随着干湿循环次数的增加,砂岩改良土裂隙最大宽度、裂隙平均宽度、宽度峰值差的变化幅度较纯膨胀土平缓,掺入砂岩后,膨胀土裂隙发育受干湿循环影响减小。     

干湿循环对粉砂土改良膨胀土裂隙及强度影响

为探究黄泛区粉砂土改良膨胀土路基在干湿循环作用下裂隙发育与强度的影响规律,设计并开展了室内干湿循环试验,分别进行了11%、13%、15%、17%四种不同含水率下改良膨胀土经历不同干湿循环次数的直剪试验,然后采用MATLAB开发的图像处理技术对干湿循环作用后的土样裂隙进行定量分析,探讨改良膨胀土的裂隙率和抗剪强度的关系。结果表明：随着含水率的增大,改良膨胀土的裂隙率、黏聚力和内摩擦角逐渐减小;当含水率一定时,裂隙的发展随干湿循环次数的增加而增大,改良膨胀土的黏聚力和内摩擦角随着裂隙率的增大而减小;当含水率为11%时,前两次干湿循环作用导致改良膨胀土的裂隙快速发展,裂隙率曲线较陡,黏聚力下降较快,但是内摩擦角变化不大,改良膨胀土的裂隙率和黏聚力的判定系数达到0.95;当含水率为17%时,前4次干湿循环作用下改良膨胀土的裂隙虽然发育迟缓但裂隙率增长较快,4次干湿循环之后裂隙率的增长变得不明显,裂隙率曲线较平缓,黏聚力和内摩擦角下降较少,改良膨胀土的裂隙率和黏聚力的相关系数仅为0.70。     

降雨–蒸发条件下膨胀土裂隙演化特征试验研究

 为了解裂隙演化规律,在实验室模拟降雨–蒸发条件,开展一系列干湿循环作用下的膨胀土裂隙演化试验,记录土样干缩开裂、湿化愈合的动态演化过程。利用裂隙图像识别程序对裂隙面积率等参数进行定量分析;采用灌蜡法,观察裂隙最终形态并测量了裂隙的体积。试验结果表明：脱湿过程中裂隙发育分为缓慢→快速→缓滞增长3个阶段,其中,快速增长II阶段可完成整个裂隙发育的80%～90%;当土样基质吸力接近进气值时,土体开始出现裂隙,当含水率w接近缩限值时,裂隙发育接近停滞;干湿循环过程中,新生裂隙并不一定会在原裂隙处产生;干湿循环效应表现为：裂隙在干湿循环的作用下会逐步发育,主要体现在裂隙面积率与裂隙条数的增加,但随着裂隙发育的反复开裂、愈合使得膨胀土体结构趋于松散,拉应力势能储备逐渐降低,后期的干湿循环过程中,裂隙率、裂隙分维等形态参数会趋于稳定。灌蜡法测得裂隙体积167.8 cm3,约占试样总体积的4.8%,这一方法具有设备简单、操作性强的优势,为测量裂隙体积、观测裂隙三维形态提供了新的思路。     

固化盐渍土经干湿循环后力学性能变化的机理

利用自主开发的YZS固化剂对青海格尔木地区的一种原生粘质盐渍土进行固化,研究了该固化土体在干湿循环后的力学性能变化规律.用环境扫描电镜和压汞试验观察了固化土试件内核和外围部分的微观结构,并分析了试件的破坏机理.结果表明:经过干湿循环作用后,固化盐渍土的无侧限抗压强度提高而劈裂抗拉强度降低,其原因是干湿循环作用造成了固化土体试件的核心部分结构增强而外围部分结构削弱.因此,无侧限抗压强度指标不能恰当地反映干湿循环对于固化盐渍土的破坏作用,而劈裂抗拉强度则可以体现干湿循环的破坏作用.     

柴油污染土的工程性质试验研究

为研究柴油污染对土的工程性质的影响,利用室内击实试验和击实后土样的无侧限抗压强度和渗透试验,研究了遭受不同程度柴油污染土的干密度、无侧限抗压强度和渗透性的变化。结果表明:柴油污染对土的干密度影响显著,最大干密度和最优含水率均随含油率的增加而减小,击实曲线由钟型逐渐转向无明显峰值型;当土样含水率较高时,无侧限抗压强度随含油率的增加而降低,但当含水率较低时,土样强度反而提高;柴油污染对土的渗透性有一定的影响,随含油率的增加,柴油堵塞孔隙对土样渗透性减小的影响较干密度减少引起渗透性增加的影响更加显著;对于同一污染水平的土样,无侧限抗压强度和渗透性主要受压实度的控制。     

糯米浆温度对糯米灰浆加固遗址土的影响

糯米灰浆在我国土遗址修复中有着巨大的应用前景。糯米浆的温度对糯米灰浆加固遗址土的效果有一定影响。试验从温度的角度出发来寻找煮糯米浆的控制指标,目的在于节约时间同时获得具有显著加固效果的糯米浆。试验从硬度、纵波波速、无侧限抗压强度三方面说明糯米浆温度在75℃~80℃范围时糯米灰浆加固遗址土的效果相对较好;当糯米浆浓度为6%时,改良遗址土样的硬度、纵波波速、无侧限抗压强度的值均相对较大;在自然条件下养护5 d时,土样表面硬度值基本趋于稳定。最后结合糯米浆的黏度、化学物理作用等方面对试验现象进行了合理解释。     

Durability of soft clay soil stabilized with recycled Bassanite and furnace cement mixtures

This study examines the wetting–drying durability of soft clay soil stabilized with recycled Bassanite, produced from gypsum waste. Specifically, this study focuses on an investigation of the effects of the moisture conditions on the strength performance and durability of very soft clay soil stabilized with Bassanite and furnace cement mixtures during the wetting–drying cycles, referred to as weathering conditions in this study. Cylindrical stabilized soil specimens were produced and then cured for 28 days. The cured specimens were subjected to different numbers of wetting–drying cycles, and then tested for unconfined compressive strength. The results show that the compressive strength increased with an increase in the Bassanite content for the different wetting–drying cycles investigated. The increase in the Bassanite content is associated with the increase in the dry unit weight, as well as in the decrease in the moisture content of the stabilized specimens for the different wetting–drying cycles investigated. The compressive strength of the soil stabilized with the Bassanite and furnace cement mixtures gradually decreases with an increase in the number of wetting–drying cycles, and the earlier cycles are seen to have a more negative effect on durability than the later cycles. Generally, the influence of the wetting–drying cycles on changes in the strength, durability and volume of the soft clay soil stabilized with Bassanite and furnace cement mixtures is not significant. This is evidence that the use of recycled Bassanite, produced from gypsum waste to stabilize soft clay soil, achieves acceptable durability, raises the strength performance and improves the engineering properties of soft clay soil in a wet environment. In addition, the effective use of gypsum waste contributes to the development of a sustainable society by reducing the huge quantity of solid waste and establishing a sound environment.     

The role of carbide lime and fly ash blends on the geotechnical properties of clay soils

Carbide lime is a by-product obtained during the manufacturing of acetylene from the reaction of calcium carbide and water. A major portion of carbide lime is dumped in waste deposition areas, creating an environmental problem. Carbide lime and fly ash have possible applications in slope stabilization, subgrade improvement of roads, and soil treatments under shallow foundations. A series of Atterberg limits tests, compaction tests, unconfined compressive strength tests, ultrasonic pulse velocity tests, and wetting–drying tests were performed on carbide lime and fly ash treated clay soils to evaluate the effects of additive content, curing time, strength development, and the effects of wetting and drying. A total of 8% of carbide lime constituted the fixation point, and peak strength was achieved at 12% carbide lime content. A total amount of 25% additive was found as a threshold changing the Atterberg limits. Test results indicated that the strength of the treated soil improved by the existence of carbide lime and fly ash; best performance was observed in 28-day specimens with 10% carbide lime and 20% fly ash content reaching to 8 times larger strength than untreated soil. The failure patterns of the specimens reflected the curing time and wetting–drying effects. Although, the application of wetting–drying cycles deteriorated the treated soil, the presence of carbide lime partially prevented the strength loss. New relationships between normalized strength and curing time depending on carbide lime content were proposed. Furthermore, a linear relationship between the unconfined compressive strength and the ultrasonic pulse velocity of the treated soils was established.

     

融雪与降雨入渗下含盐土遗址的冻融劣化研究

采用含水率、电导率、弹性波速及无侧限抗压强度等指标,结合试样表观及微结构变化研究了含盐土遗址在融雪或降雨入渗的初始条件下经历冻融循环的劣化机制.结果 表明:在冻融循环过程中,试样含水率因融雪与降雨入渗的水分补给及蒸发散失而先增加后减小并趋于稳定,盐分随水分迁移后分别在试样高度5,3.5 cm处富集;水分入渗增加了土粒间...     

引江济淮工程膨胀土水泥改性剂量研究

膨胀土具有遇水膨胀、失水收缩的工程特性,掺加一定量水泥对其进行改性是处理膨胀土的主要方法之一。选取引江济淮工程弱膨胀土,通过对素膨胀土和改性土的自由膨胀率、界限含水率及无侧限抗压强度的试验分析,揭示了水泥掺量和养护日期对引江济淮工程弱膨胀土的物理力学性质的影响。试验结果表明:(1)随掺灰率的增加,改性膨胀土的自由膨胀率、液限、塑性指数均降低,无侧限抗压强度增加;(2)随养护日期的增加,自由膨胀率、液限、塑性指数减小,无侧限抗压强度增大;(3)基于本研究试验结果,同时综合考虑工程实际,建议引江济淮工程弱膨胀土水泥改性剂量为4%。     

Effect of different types of wetting fluids on the behaviour of expansive soil during wetting and drying

This paper presents the results of an experimental investigation into the mechanical behaviour of an expansive soil during wetting and drying cycles. The experimental tests were conducted in a modified oedometer under two different surcharge pressures (10 and 20 kPa). During the tests, the samples were inundated with different types of wetting fluids (distilled water, saline water and acidic water). The volumetric deformation, void ratio and water content of the samples were determined during cycles of wetting and drying. The results show that the swelling potential increases with an increasing number of wetting and drying cycles. The effect of the distilled water on the swelling potential is not the same as that of the saline water or the acidic water, particularly for different surcharge pressures. The variations in void ratio and water content show that, at the equilibrium condition, the wetting and drying paths converge to nearly an S-shaped curve. This curve consists of a linear portion and two curved portions, and the majority of the deformation is located between the saturation curves of 90% and 40%.     

多孔介质中两相流动过程的毛细滞回效应

 含水量大小以及干湿循环变化历史对多孔介质渗流过程有着重要影响。基于多孔介质理论和毛细滞回内变量模型,建立能够考虑含水量变化历史影响的多孔介质两相流动模型,并利用开发的U-DYSAC2有限元程序进行相应的数值模拟。通过模拟结果与试验数据的比较,验证所建数值模型在模拟复杂条件下非饱和多孔介质渗流问题的可靠性与有效性。对干湿循环变化条件下土质边坡渗流过程进行数值分析,结果表明：毛细滞回效应对非饱和土渗流过程具有显著影响,非饱和土水力状态不仅取决于当前含水量或基质吸力大小,而且还与土体所经历的水力历史有关;特别地,如果利用主脱湿线来描述土水特征关系,那么土体中基质吸力的预测结果会偏高,从而使得传统边坡稳定性分析方法高估土体抗剪强度以及坡体安全系数。因此,在模拟非饱和多孔介质复杂渗流问题时必须要考虑毛细滞回效应。     

冻融循环作用下橡胶颗粒混合土强度特性试验研究

对冻融循环作用后的橡胶颗粒混合土（RST混合土）进行无侧限抗压强度试验,分析强度影响规律。结果表明,在28d养护龄期,虽然掺入橡胶颗粒的RST混合土抗压强度相对水泥土会降低,但是其抗冻融性能比水泥土强;冻融循环5次后,随着水泥掺量的增大,掺有橡胶颗粒的试件强度的提高率明显强于未掺入橡胶颗粒的试件;冻融循环5次后,橡胶颗粒的掺入从一定程度上减缓了由于含水量的不同而导致的RST混合土强度的降低速率。     

干湿循环下复合固废填料配比对强度的影响

通过对不同配比的9组复合固废轻质填料(简称轻质填料)试样在不同干湿循环次数下的单轴抗压强度试验,分析了干湿循环下各组分掺入比对轻质填料抗压强度的影响.结果表明:轻质填料经历8次干湿循环后仍有较好的力学性能,达到或超过水泥土的强度要求.随着水泥掺量的增加,轻质填料在早期干湿循环过程中强度提高,有助于后期抗干湿循环.适量掺...