Evaluation of power regeneration in primary suspension for a railway vehicle

Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering - To improve the fuel economy of rail vehicles, this study presents the feasibility of using power regenerating dampers (PRDs) in the primary suspension systems...     

汽车平顺性仿真模型及试验研究

目前在汽车平顺性仿真研究中,没有考虑车身的弹性变形对整车动态性能的影响,导致仿真结果与试验结果存在差别。在ADAMS/Car模块中分别建立了整车多刚体模型和整车刚弹耦合模型,并进行了随机路面输入下的平顺性仿真试验和评价。实车道路试验验证了模型的正确性和合理性。研究结论可为汽车平顺性的研究和优化提供参考和借鉴。     

系统参数对汽车平顺性影响的研究

本文建立了基于车身与车轮双质量系统振动的平顺性仿真模型,利用仿真软件MATLAB/simulink对模型的振动特性进行仿真.通过对比车身固有频率、车身部分阻尼比、车身等系统参数的变化来评价汽车的平顺性能,得到影响汽车行驶平顺的主要因素.在设计开发时加以考虑,从而达到优化汽车性能的目的.     

基于液压惯容器的ISD悬架性能分析与试验

针对机械式悬架存在的惯容器"背隙"的问题,提出一种基于液压惯容器的ISD(inerter-spring-damper,简称ISD)悬架。介绍了液压惯容器的结构及工作原理;建立了液压惯容器ISD悬架的整车模型,在matlab/simulink环境下,进行了压惯容器ISD悬架平顺性仿真;研究了液压惯容器ISD悬架在脉冲输入、随机路面输入作用下的动态性能。在此基础上,进行了液压惯容器ISD悬架台架试验,试验与仿真结果基本吻合。结果表明,与传统被动悬架相比,液压式惯容器ISD悬架可以有效降低车身垂直振动加速度。     

汽车底盘平台悬架性能仿真模块的开发与应用

为分析某汽车底盘平台对不同车型操控稳定性以及平顺性的适应性,以VC++和ADAMS,开发了底盘平台悬架分析专用模块,该模块可以快速建立前后悬架、其它子系统以及整车的参数化模型,并能快速完成操控稳定性和平顺性的分析优化.通过该模块对两款采用该底盘平台车型A1、A2的前、后悬架进行了运动学仿真分析并建立了整车仿真模型,同时...     

Annoyance rate evaluation method on ride comfort of vehicle suspension system

The existing researches of the evaluation method of ride comfort of vehicle mainly focus on the level of human feelings to vibration. The level of human feelings to vibration is influenced by many factors, however, the ride comfort according to the common principle of probability and statistics and simple binary logic is tmable to reflect these uncertainties. The random fuzzy evaluation model from people subjective response to vibration is adopted in the paper, these uncertainties are analyzed from the angle of psychological physics. Discussing the traditional evaluation of ride comfort during vehicle vibration, a fuzzily random evaluation model on the basis of annoyance rate is proposed for the human body＇s subjective response to vibration, with relevant fuzzy membership function and probability distribution given. A half-car four degrees of freedom suspension vibration model is described, subject to irregular excitations from the road surface, with the aid of software Matlab/Simulink. A new kind of evaluation method for ride comfort of vehicles is proposed in the paper, i.e., the annoyance rate evaluation method. The genetic algorithm and neural network control theory are used to control the system. Simulation results are obtained, such as the comparison of comfort reaction to vibration environments between before and after control, relationship of annoyance rate to vibration frequency and weighted acceleration, based on ISO 2631 / 1 （1982）, ISO 2631-1 （1997） and annoyance rate evaluation method, respectively. Simulated assessment results indicate that the proposed active suspension systems prove to be effective in the vibration isolation of the suspension system, and the subjective response of human being can be promoted from very uncomfortable to a little uncomfortable. Furthermore, the novel evaluation method based on annoyance rate can further estimate quantitatively the number of passengers who feel discomfort due to vibration. A new analysis method of vehicle comfort is presented.     

轮边驱动电动汽车主动悬架LQG控制仿真研究

为了提高轮边驱动电动汽车的行驶平顺性,以车轮减振型轮边驱动系统作为研究对象,在其基础上设计不同的主动悬架布置方案。首先建立1/4车辆主、被动悬架动力学模型;然后采用最优控制理论设计车辆主动悬架LQG控制器,并基于层次分析法确定车辆各性能评价指标加权系数;最后在MATLAB/Simulink软件中建立仿真模型并进行仿真分析。仿真分析结果表明,相比于被动悬架,主动悬架两种布置方案均能有效地提高汽车行驶平顺性,综合考虑车辆各性能评价指标的改善效果,主动悬架布置方案二优于布置方案一。     

Fuzzy chaos control for vehicle lateral dynamics based on active suspension system

The existing research of the active suspension system（ASS） mainly focuses on the different evaluation indexes and control strategies. Among the different components, the nonlinear characteristics of practical systems and control are usually not considered for vehicle lateral dynamics. But the vehicle model has some shortages on tyre model with side-slip angle, road adhesion coefficient, vertical load and velocity. In this paper, the nonlinear dynamic model of lateral system is considered and also the adaptive neural network of tire is introduced. By nonlinear analysis methods, such as the bifurcation diagram and Lyapunov exponent, it has shown that the lateral dynamics exhibits complicated motions with the forward speed. Then, a fuzzy control method is applied to the lateral system aiming to convert chaos into periodic motion using the linear-state feedback of an available lateral force with changing tire load. Finally, the rapid control prototyping is built to conduct the real vehicle test. By comparison of time response diagram, phase portraits and Lyapunov exponents at different work conditions, the results on step input and S-shaped road indicate that the slip angle and yaw velocity of lateral dynamics enter into stable domain and the results of test are consistent to the simulation and verified the correctness of simulation. And the Lyapunov exponents of the closed-loop system are becoming from positive to negative. This research proposes a fuzzy control method which has sufficient suppress chaotic motions as an effective active suspension system.     

基于差动制动的防侧翻车辆动力学控制研究

防侧翻车辆动力学控制是将传统的车辆动力学控制与车辆的防侧翻控制相结合的现代车辆主动安全技术。本文通过对汽车差动制动的力学特性的分析,介绍了基于差动制动的防侧翻车辆动力学控制。讨论了防侧翻车辆动力学控制的控制原理和相应的控制方案,比较了两种车辆动力学控制的仿真结果,为利用差动制动控制改善车辆的操纵稳定性提供了动力学基础。     

汽车非线性悬架最优控制的研究

建立了车辆两自由度非线性动力学模型及包含悬架刚度立方非线性的运动微分方程,运用Runge-Kutta方法求出了被动悬架与半主动悬架系统对水泥路面、搓板路面、卵石路、鱼鳞坑路4种路谱的响应,采用模拟计算法得出车身竖直振动加速度的均方根值,并将被动悬架与半主动悬架系统的响应进行比较,在振动舒适度改进的同时,悬架弹簧的变形量增大,因此应该合理选择系统参数为汽车的动态设计提供了理论依据.     

三轴拖车平顺性评价体系与优化方法

以某三轴拖车为动力学模型,在动力学软件ADAMS的基础上进行二次开发,得到参数化的建模分析软件,能够在随机输入下对拖车的时域响应及其频域谱密度进行仿真分析。介绍了不同路面输入的建模方法。以ISO2631平顺性评价指标为依据,提出在时域和频域中相应的评价对象,并且建立了一套仿真与实车相结合的平顺性评价体系。对模型中动力学参数的敏感性分析和匹配优化设计,可以改善车辆的平顺性,与试验结果的对照证明了这套方法的有效性。     

车辆振动对乘员舒适性影响的研究

振动是影响车辆舒适性和安全性的重要因素,是车辆人-枳-环境考核的重要指标之一.研究了在几种不同路面激励下,某轮式车辆驾驶员座椅处的振动,分析了这几种振动的谱频率成分和对驾驶员舒适性的影响情况.     

LGT2001型公铁两用牵引车液压系统的可靠性分析

以LGT2001型公铁两用牵引车液压系统为对象,介绍了该系统的功能、结构及原理,结合故障率预计法、评分估计法及基本可靠性预计一般方法对该系统可靠性进行了分析,为液压系统及整车的全寿命周期设计提供了一定的理论依据。     

穿越车液压系统试制

穿越车是用于软质输油管线穿越江河和湖泊的专用车,本文对穿越车的组成和工作过程进行了简介,设计了穿越车液压系统,最后给出了样车试验结果。     

面向对象技术在车辆动力学仿真中的应用

分析了车辆动力学仿真的主要问题,建立了基于面向对象方法的车辆动力学仿真系统的体系结构,分析了系统的类并建立了类图,给出了在车辆动力学仿真中建立usecase和交互图的方法.根据所建立的软件模型,开发了相应的仿真软件.应用本文所开发的软件分别对车辆的直线制动和转弯制动安全性和稳定性这两种工况进行了仿真计算,计算结果符合车辆运行的实际情况.面向对象方法所具有的封装、继承等特点使系统具有结构清晰、扩展和维护方便等特点,为车辆控制系统的开发奠定了基础.     

基于AMESim的纯电动汽车液压再生制动系统的研究

为提高纯电动汽车制动时的再生制动能量回收率与汽车起步加速的动力性能,通过比较各种再生制动能量回收方案与储能方式,提出了在纯电动汽车的蓄电池回收制动能量的基础上加设液压制动能量回收系统。应用PID控制,在ECE-15循环工况下进行了仿真,并分析了整车的动力性能与能量的回收利用率。研究结果表明,在纯电动汽车上利用液压再生制动系统能够显著地提高整车的起步加速能力,并增加汽车的续驶里程28%左右。     

混凝土输送泵车液压系统设计

在介绍混凝土泵送工作原理的基础上,设计了混凝土输送泵车的液压原理图,并详细分析了主泵送系统、换向系统、搅拌系统、水洗系统各部分的工作原理,其中液压元件选用德国力士乐公司油泵和阀组,使液压系统具有：主泵的恒功率特性在泵送阻力变化大时具有高效率的特点,其压力切断和液压行程限制功能使系统更加安全可靠;恒压泵与蓄能器配合的换向系统使换向迅速且液压冲击小;搅拌系统具有卡料自动反转功能以及手动反转功能;同时具有正泵时发生堵管自动反泵、高低压两种泵送方式等特点。     

A hybrid approach to modeling and control of vehicle height for electronically controlled air suspension

The control problems associated with vehicle height adjustment of electronically controlled air suspension (ECAS) still pose theoretical challenges for researchers, which manifest themselves in the publications on this subject over the last years. This paper deals with modeling and control of a vehicle height adjustment system for ECAS, which is an example of a hybrid dynamical system due to the coexistence and coupling of continuous variables and discrete events. A mixed logical dynamical (MLD) modeling approach is chosen for capturing enough details of the vehicle height adjustment process. The hybrid dynamic model is constructed on the basis of some assumptions and piecewise linear approximation for components nonlinearities. Then, the on-off statuses of solenoid valves and the piecewise approximation process are described by propositional logic, and the hybrid system is transformed into the set of linear mixed-integer equalities and inequalities, denoted as MLD model, automatically by HYSDEL. Using this model, a hybrid model predictive controller (HMPC) is tuned based on online mixed-integer quadratic optimization (MIQP). Two different scenarios are considered in the simulation, whose results verify the height adjustment effectiveness of the proposed approach. Explicit solutions of the controller are computed to control the vehicle height adjustment system in realtime using an offline multi-parametric programming technology (MPT), thus convert the controller into an equivalent explicit piecewise affine form. Finally, bench experiments for vehicle height lifting, holding and lowering procedures are conducted, which demonstrate that the HMPC can adjust the vehicle height by controlling the on-off statuses of solenoid valves directly. This research proposes a new modeling and control method for vehicle height adjustment of ECAS, which leads to a closed-loop system with favorable dynamical properties.     

A new model in rail-vehicles dynamics considering nonlinear suspension components behavior

In this paper, a complete four axle rail vehicle model is addressed with 70 degrees of freedom (DOFs) including a carbody, two bogies, and four axels. In order to include the effects of the track irregularities in vehicle dynamics behavior, a simplified track model is proposed and it is validated by some experimental data and test results. As the performance of the suspension components, especially for air springs, have significant effects on rail-vehicle dynamics and ride comfort of passengers, a complete nonlinear thermo-dynamical air spring model, which is a combination of two different models, is introduced and implemented in the complete rail-vehicle dynamics. By implementing Presthus formulation [Derivation of air spring model parameters for train simulation. Master dissertation, Department of Applied Physics and Mechanical Engineering, Division of Fluid Mechanics, LULEA University, 2002], the thermo-dynamical parameters of air spring are estimated and then they are tuned based on the experimental data. The results of the complete rail-vehicle field tests, show remarkable agreement between proposed model and test data.