铁电极电凝聚法预处理菊酯类农药废水的试验研究

对采用铁电极电凝聚法预处理菊酯类农药废水过程进行了静态实验研究,考察了电流密度、农药废水原始pH、电解时间等关键因素对CODα的去除效果的影响,确定了最佳反应条件。结果表明,在原水pH值为3.0、电解时间为40min、电流强度为1.8A的条件下,CODα的去除率可以达到35.95%,证明铁电极电凝聚法预处理菊酯类农药废水是可行的。     

电絮凝法深度处理石化工业废水的研究

采用电絮凝工艺深度处理石化工业废水,结果表明,影响COD去除率因素电极材料、电流密度、极板间水流速度,通过单因素分析得出,电絮凝工艺采用"铁-碳"电极,电流密度为44mA/cm2,极板间的水流速度6mm/s,CODcr、石油类的去除效率均在50%以上。     

基于极板状态融合解耦的网络化铅电解智能检测系统

针对电解生产中电解极板状态检测手段落后、检测效率低的现状,综合分析了铅电解过程、极板电解状态以及极板电压之间的关系,建立了以极板电压为检测参数的网络化智能电解检测系统.该系统由两级构成:下位机实现极板状态检测并判断极板的短路和断路等简易故障;上位机通过对整槽所有极板电压进行信息融合与解耦分析,判断每块极板的电解状态,从而实现网络化检测与故障诊断,并在此基础上开发了极板状态融合解耦分析的网络化铅电解智能检测系统.     

电场参数对雾化特性及微量润滑磨削性能影响的实验研究

为了探究针-板电极电场参数对雾化特性微量润滑磨削性能的影响,通过调节电压幅值和电极间距进行微量润滑平面磨削实验,根据所得雾化锥角、雾滴粒径算术平均值、磨削力及表面粗糙度Ra值进行机理分析。实验结果表明静电雾化微量润滑在高压静电场的参与下,液滴荷电后会发生二次甚至多次雾化。随着电压幅值的升高,雾化锥角增大,雾滴的平均粒径减小并扩散均匀,同时润滑液的润滑性能也有所提高。在电压幅值一定,电极间距为160 mm时,获得最优的润滑性能;在电极间距一定,电压幅值为50 k V时,相比于无静电微量润滑,比切向磨削力Ft'、比法向磨削力Fn'及表面粗糙度R_a值,分别减小25.01%、15.08%、22.18%,获得最优的润滑性能。     

铁碳微电解法处理生活污水工艺参数的优化

用自制的滚压振动磨对活性炭进行研磨,观察研磨后活性炭的形貌、比表面积和孔径;用铁碳微电解法对生活污水进行处理,研究污水pH值、铁碳质量比、反应时间、H2O2加入量对降低COD的影响.结果表明:活性炭经研磨处理后,粒径减小到1～2μm,比表面积增加了27%;在铁碳质量比为1:1、污水pH值为3.0、H2O2加入量为400...     

DC-85A有机总碳测定仪测定TOC与COD相关性的探讨

本文研究用美国Rosemount DC—85A有机总碳测定仪测定石油炼制废水中TOC与COD是否有相关性。研究发现它们具有良好的相关性。在一定条件下可从测得的TOC值推算出COD值,因而可以用TOC值作为有机废水污染的控制指标。     

悬空零电极介电湿润芯片的设计

针对目前单极板数字微流控芯片驱动液滴的效果多通过数值仿真方法验证而缺乏实验支持,本文提出将单极板结构中的零电极进行悬空设计,并通过实验对比分析了设计的悬空零电极单极板结构的芯片和传统双极板结构的芯片对液滴的驱动效果。首先,基于介电湿润原理,推导出传统双极板结构中液滴所受到的介电驱动力以及每个阻力,接着,对文中设计的悬空零电极结构的单极板数字微流控芯片中液滴的受力情况进行分析。然后,对比分析两种结构的数字微流控芯片中液滴的受力情况。最后,对两种结构的数字微流控芯片驱动去离子水微液滴的效果进行试验验证。实验结果显示:驱动同等体积大小的微液滴时,本文设计制作的悬空零电极单极板芯片比双极板结构的芯片所需的电压更低,液滴的运动速度更快;当有效驱动电压达到44V时,液滴的速度可以达到15cm/s。得到的实验结果证明了在单极板悬空零电极结构的数字微流控芯片上液滴驱动速度更高,驱动电压更低。     

介质上电润湿液滴驱动的研究

制备了介质上电润湿液滴驱动器,该驱动器采用“三明治”结构下极板由Ti/Pt微电极阵列、Si3N4介质薄膜、碳氟聚合物疏水薄膜组成,上极板是覆盖有疏水薄膜的透明电极,液滴被夹在上下电极之间。分析了驱动器的驱动原理、驱动阻尼以及介质层捕获电荷的影响,讨论硅油填充“三明治”结构和空气填充“三明治”结构的差异。     

网状电极处理镀铜废水

本文介绍用网状电极法处理镀铜废水。文中介绍电解槽的结构;研究了废水浓度、pH值、电导、流速以及电解电压等因素对除铜能力的影响;探讨了处理能耗和电流效率。研究结果表明:经处理后的废水可达到排放标准(Cu~(2+)<1ppm),处理的电流效率>55％,能耗<0.05度/克铜(折合处理一吨20ppm含铜废水耗电0.1度)。     

协同氧化-A/O工艺处理蒽醌类染料废水

蒽醌染料废水具有色度大、COD浓度高和可生化性差等特点,一直是纺织印染企业污水处理的难题。采用铁碳微电解耦合H_2O_2+A/O组合工艺对蒽醌类染料废水进行处理,实验结果表明,协同氧化反应的最佳试验条件为:p H=3.5、H_2O_2的投加量为3 mL/L、HRT=100 min,该阶段处理后的废水BOD_5/COD大于0.3,无需添加稀释水即可进行A/O生化反应。在上述组合工艺下,COD去除率为99%,色度去除率为99.8%,最终出水水质均达到了纺织染整工业水污染物排放标准(GB4287-2012),实现了蒽醌染料废水的高效处理。     

Minimal Realization of Linear Graph Models for Multi-physics Systems

An engineering system may consist of several different types of components,belonging to such physical"domains"as mechanical,electrical,fluid,and thermal.It is t...     

INTEGRAL EQUATION METHOD＇S APPLICATION IN HOLE-EDGE STRESS OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL PLATE WITH DIFFERENT SHAPED HOLES

The strength of composite plate with different hole-shapes is always one of the most important but complicated issues in the application of the composite material. The holes will lead to mutations and discontinuity to the structure. So the hole-edge stress concentration is always a serious phenomenon. And the phenomenon makes the structure strength decrease very quickly to form dangerous weak points. Most partial damage begins from these weak points. According to the complex variable functions theory, the accurate boundary condition of composite plate with different hole-shapes is founded by conformal mapping method to settle the boundary condition problem of complex hole-shapes. Composite plate with commonly hole-shapes in engineering is studied by several complex variable stress fimction. The boundary integral equations are founded based on exact boundary conditions. Then the exact hole-edge stress analytic solution of composite plate with rectangle holes and wing manholes is resolved. Both of offset axis loadings and its influences on the stress concentration coefficient of the hole-edge are discussed. And comparisons of different loads along various offset axis on the hole-edge stress distribution of orthotropic plate with rectangle hole or wing manhole are made. It can be concluded that hole-edge with continuous variable curvatures might help to decrease the stress concentration coefficient; and smaller angle of outer load and fiber can decrease the stress peak value.     

Non-monotonic material contrast in scanning ion and scanning electron images

30 keV Ga⁺ focused ion beam induced secondary electron (iSE) imaging was used to determine the relative contrast between several materials. The iSE signal compared from C, Si, Al, Ti, Cr, Ni, Cu, Mo, Ag, and W metal layers does not decrease with an increase in target atomic number Z₂, and shows a non-monotonic relationship between contrast and Z₂. The non-monotonic relationship is attributed to periodic fluctuations of the stopping power and sputter yield inherent to the ion–solid interactions. In addition, material contrast from electron-induced secondary electron (eSE) and backscattered electron (BSE) images using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) also shows non-monotonic contrast as a function of Z₂, following the periodic behavior of the stopping power for electron–solid interactions. A comparison of the iSE and eSE results shows similar relative contrast between the metal layers, and not complementary contrast as conventionally understood. These similarities in the contrast behavior can be attributed to similarities in the periodic and non-monotonic function defined by incident particle–solid interaction theory.     

Application of Feature Extraction through Convolution Neural Networks and SVM Classifier for Robust Grading of Apples

This paper proposes a novel grading method of apples,in an automated grading device that uses convolutional neural networks to extract the size,color,texture,an...     

分布动态载荷识别的抗噪处理

针对正交多项式频域法在用多种响应对矩形薄板进行载荷识别中抗噪性较差的问题,综合运用平均法、矩阵预处理和奇异值截断法等方法对之进行改善,并引入空间映射的思想,将该方法的应用范围拓展为复杂的模型.利用仿真算例,证实了该方法具有较好的抗噪性.     

基于MELTAC-N平台的核电厂安全级DCS环网研究与测试

针对工程实践中环网通讯相关问题的处理缺乏理论基础及国产化安全级DCS平台的开发缺乏成熟经验借鉴问题,对基于MELTAC-N平台核电厂安全级DCS环网的软硬件实现进行了研究。提出了安全级DCS环网双环网冗余设计、光切换开关设计等硬件设计方法,以及以RPR协议为基础,采用全数据收发策略的软件设计方法。在CPR1000安全级DCS平台上对安全级DCS环网的可靠性及实时性进行了评价,并进行了容错能力、响应时间及响应时间稳定性测试验证实验。结果表明,基于MELTAC-N平台安全级DCS环网软硬件设计具有较好的容错能力及响应时间稳定性。     

Short-Term Relay Quality Prediction Algorithm Based on Long and Short-Term Memory

The fraction defective of semi-finished products is predicted to optimize the process of relay production lines, by which production quality and productivity ar...     

End-to-End Multiview Gesture Recognition for Autonomous Car Parking System

The use of hand gestures can be the most intuitive human-machine interaction medium.The early approaches for hand gesture recognition used device-based methods....     

The laboratory simulation of abrasive wear

Abrasive wear has long been recognised as one of the most potentially serious tribological problems facing the operators of many types of plant and machinery; several industrial surveys have indicated that wear by abrasion can be responsible for more than 50% of unscheduled machine and plant stoppages. Locating the operating point of a tribological contact in an appropriate operational ‚map’︁ can provide a useful guide to the likely nature and origins of the surface degradation experienced in use, though care must be exercised in choosing the most suitable parameters for the axes of the plot. Laboratory testing of materials and simulations of machine contacts are carried out for a number of purposes; at one level for the very practical aims of ranking candidate materials or surface hardening treatments in order of their wear resistance, or in an attempt to predict wear lives under field conditions. More fundamentally, tests may be aimed at elucidating the essential physical mechanisms of surface damage and loss, with the longer term aim of building an analytical and predictive model of the wear process itself. In many cases, component surface damage is brought about by the ingress of hard, particulate matter into machine bearing or sealing clearances. These may be running dry although, more usually, a lubricant or service fluid is present at the interface. A number of standardised wear test geometries and procedures have been established for both two- and three-body wear situations, and these are briefly described. Although abrasive wear is often modelled as following an ‚Archard’︁ equation (i.e. a linear increase in material loss with both load and time, and an inverse dependence on specimen hardness) both industrial experience and laboratory tests of particularly lubricated contacts show that this is not always the case: increasing the hardness differential in an abrasively contaminated lubricated pair may not always reduce the rate of damage to the harder surface.     

Limits of topographic measurement by the scanning tunnelling and atomic force microscopes

Parameters describing the topographic character of a surface (height, surface wavelength, slope and curvature) can be derived from equivalent sinusoidal profiles. The response of a surface-measuring instrument may be modelled in terms of instrument parameters such as stylus radius, and scanning range and resolution. The performance of the instrument may then be mapped as a zone in amplitude-wavelength (AW) space to show the sinusoidal profiles it is capable of measuring. In a first-order analysis the STM and AFM are considered as equivalent to contact-stylus instruments with a notional stylus radius equal to the tip radius plus the gap. Comparisons between different instruments and types of instrument are readily made by mapping in AW space. The error arising from convolution of the sinusoidal profile with that of the finite tip may be quantified and plotted as contours in AW space.