不同叶片厚度对轴流风机流动特性影响的数值模拟

为了获得不同叶片厚度对轴流风机流动特性的影响,对叶片相对厚度为6%、9%、12%以及15%的4种风机进行了数值模拟。结果表明:薄叶片风机在设计流量点附近有更好的气动性能,但流量变化对风机性能的影响明显大于厚叶片风机,厚叶片的风机有更大的稳定工作区间。叶片厚度的增加,改善了叶片前缘附近的流动情况,但使叶片尾缘附近的做功能力减弱,流动分离更加严重;减小了叶顶泄漏流对主流的影响和叶顶二次流动强度,但叶片中尾部二次流强度增加,使流动失稳,增加了能量损失,使得风机气动性能降低。     

双进气后向离心风机的气动性能数值模拟及其改进

首先对某双进气后向叶片的离心风机性能进行试验和数值模拟对比,验证数值模拟结果的精度及有效性;然后在叶轮前盘、轮盘形状和叶片数都相同的情况下,分析了改进叶片型式风机的性能变化。数值模拟结果表明,改进方案风机的全压更高、效率更高,尤其是在大流量区,效率提高5%以上。     

后向式离心通风机长短叶片的数值研究

为了研究短叶片对后向式离心通风机性能的影响,对某风机厂的JMF No4.3A型离心风机加短叶片的叶轮模型进行了数值研究.数值方法采用RNG k-ε湍流模型和SIMPLEC算法.主要研究了长短叶片数、短叶片长度、短叶片周向位置以及短叶片的安装角度对后向式离心通风机性能的影响.为方便比较,计算结果做成了无因次曲线的形式.结果表明:对后向式离心通风机而言,短叶片长度影响风机的做功能力和效率:短叶片的周向位置则对压力和效率均有较大影响.特别是对效率的影响最大;而短叶片的安装角度则对风机的性能影响较小.     

MVR高压离心风机性能分析与优化

以MVR系统常用的高压离心风机为研究对象,利用数值模拟技术对风机流场进行三维不可压缩定常流动计算,重点分析高压离心风机内部流场的分布规律,然后以风机性能试验验证数值计算方法的可靠性。在此基础上,研究叶片出口安装角度对风机气动性能的影响。数值结果表明,把叶片出口安装角由41°改为44°可以提升风机在大流量工况下的全压和全压效率。     

叶片进口安装角对多翼离心风机噪声的影响

应用数值模拟的方法,分别对多翼离心风机进行了稳态、非稳态及声学计算,并进一步研究了叶片进口安装角对多翼离心风机性能和噪声的影响,获得了风机在设计流量下的性能、蜗舌处压力脉动及风机进口噪声随叶片进口安装角的变化规律。最后,在对数值结果分析的基础上,获得了提高风机性能及降低风机噪声的最佳叶片进口安装角。     

带加强盘的交错叶片型风机结构及流动特性

为提高大流量离心风机的气动性能,运用计算流体动力学研究了加强盘位置及叶轮型式对叶轮结构强度、风机性能及压力脉动的影响。结果表明：加强盘居中时风机设计点效率与原型机相比提升3.9%,叶轮最大总变形量减小56.5%,蜗壳流域压力脉动降低5.4%;表面加强盘居中有利于增强叶轮结构强度,提升风机气动性能并降低蜗壳流域压力脉动;采用交错叶片能降低70%以上蜗壳流域压力脉动,有利于风机离散噪声控制;受高低能流体掺混产生的湍动能耗散影响,交错叶片型风机气动损失增加,且叶道内压力脉动幅值增大。加强盘居中和采用交错叶片是提高大流量离心风机气动性能和降低离散噪声的有效方法,但需注意其对气动损失的影响。研究结果可为大流量风机加强盘设计提供理论依据。     

长短叶片离心通风机的数值研究

为了研究短叶片对前向离心通风机性能的影响,对9-26型离心风机加短叶片叶轮的模型进行了数值研究。采用RNG-k-ε湍流模型和SIMPLEC算法,主要研究了短叶片长度、短叶片周向位置、短叶片的安装角度以及长短叶片数对风机性能的影响。为方便比较,计算结果做成了无因次曲线的形式。结果表明,短叶片长度主要影响风机的做功能力;短叶片的周向位置则对压力和效率均有较大影响;而短叶片的安装角度则对风机的性能影响较小。     

基于叶片数和叶片出口直径的MVR高压离心风机性能改进

以机械蒸汽再压缩(MVR)系统常用的高压离心风机为研究对象,采用数值模拟方法,研究风机的气动性能,以风机性能试验验证数值计算方法的可靠性。在此基础上,重点分析叶片数和叶片出口直径对高压离心风机各项性能的影响。数值结果表明,增加叶片数和叶片出口直径均能改善风机的气动性能,叶片数取12并增大叶片出口直径的改进风机在全压和效率方面都优于原型风机。本研究结果可为MVR高压离心风机的流场分析和叶轮结构改进提供参考。     

基于神经网络和遗传算法的轴流风扇优化计算

已知的环控系统再循环风扇为小流量、高转速、小尺寸的轴流风机.通过改变机匣间距和叶片数得到不同的风机模型,利用ANSYS软件中的CFX模块,模拟了这些风机模型的性能曲线和全压效率曲线.风机的全压效率随机匣间距和叶片数是非线性变化的,仅由拟合函数方式产生的结果误差较大,不能满足设计要求.针对上述问题,采用BP神经网络和遗传算法,通过寻优计算得到风机全压效率最高时风机的叶片数和机匣间距.     

小型多翼离心风机叶片斜切分析及试验研究

在小型多翼离心风机叶轮的设计中采用叶片进气端斜切,通过改变风机进口结构来改善气流在进口转弯处流动的不均匀特性,可以有效提高风机性能.本文依据CFD理论,分别对原风机叶轮以及采用两种不同斜切叶片方式的叶轮,利用Solidworks及其数值模拟模块Flow Simulation建模并模拟计算,对比分析得出了叶片斜切对风机性能的影响,并以此为依据制作三种风机实体进行性能试验对比研究,结果表明风机叶片斜切对改善风机性能有着重要影响.     

Minimal Realization of Linear Graph Models for Multi-physics Systems

An engineering system may consist of several different types of components,belonging to such physical"domains"as mechanical,electrical,fluid,and thermal.It is t...     

INTEGRAL EQUATION METHOD＇S APPLICATION IN HOLE-EDGE STRESS OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL PLATE WITH DIFFERENT SHAPED HOLES

The strength of composite plate with different hole-shapes is always one of the most important but complicated issues in the application of the composite material. The holes will lead to mutations and discontinuity to the structure. So the hole-edge stress concentration is always a serious phenomenon. And the phenomenon makes the structure strength decrease very quickly to form dangerous weak points. Most partial damage begins from these weak points. According to the complex variable functions theory, the accurate boundary condition of composite plate with different hole-shapes is founded by conformal mapping method to settle the boundary condition problem of complex hole-shapes. Composite plate with commonly hole-shapes in engineering is studied by several complex variable stress fimction. The boundary integral equations are founded based on exact boundary conditions. Then the exact hole-edge stress analytic solution of composite plate with rectangle holes and wing manholes is resolved. Both of offset axis loadings and its influences on the stress concentration coefficient of the hole-edge are discussed. And comparisons of different loads along various offset axis on the hole-edge stress distribution of orthotropic plate with rectangle hole or wing manhole are made. It can be concluded that hole-edge with continuous variable curvatures might help to decrease the stress concentration coefficient; and smaller angle of outer load and fiber can decrease the stress peak value.     

Non-monotonic material contrast in scanning ion and scanning electron images

30 keV Ga⁺ focused ion beam induced secondary electron (iSE) imaging was used to determine the relative contrast between several materials. The iSE signal compared from C, Si, Al, Ti, Cr, Ni, Cu, Mo, Ag, and W metal layers does not decrease with an increase in target atomic number Z₂, and shows a non-monotonic relationship between contrast and Z₂. The non-monotonic relationship is attributed to periodic fluctuations of the stopping power and sputter yield inherent to the ion–solid interactions. In addition, material contrast from electron-induced secondary electron (eSE) and backscattered electron (BSE) images using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) also shows non-monotonic contrast as a function of Z₂, following the periodic behavior of the stopping power for electron–solid interactions. A comparison of the iSE and eSE results shows similar relative contrast between the metal layers, and not complementary contrast as conventionally understood. These similarities in the contrast behavior can be attributed to similarities in the periodic and non-monotonic function defined by incident particle–solid interaction theory.     

Application of Feature Extraction through Convolution Neural Networks and SVM Classifier for Robust Grading of Apples

This paper proposes a novel grading method of apples,in an automated grading device that uses convolutional neural networks to extract the size,color,texture,an...     

分布动态载荷识别的抗噪处理

针对正交多项式频域法在用多种响应对矩形薄板进行载荷识别中抗噪性较差的问题,综合运用平均法、矩阵预处理和奇异值截断法等方法对之进行改善,并引入空间映射的思想,将该方法的应用范围拓展为复杂的模型.利用仿真算例,证实了该方法具有较好的抗噪性.     

基于MELTAC-N平台的核电厂安全级DCS环网研究与测试

针对工程实践中环网通讯相关问题的处理缺乏理论基础及国产化安全级DCS平台的开发缺乏成熟经验借鉴问题,对基于MELTAC-N平台核电厂安全级DCS环网的软硬件实现进行了研究。提出了安全级DCS环网双环网冗余设计、光切换开关设计等硬件设计方法,以及以RPR协议为基础,采用全数据收发策略的软件设计方法。在CPR1000安全级DCS平台上对安全级DCS环网的可靠性及实时性进行了评价,并进行了容错能力、响应时间及响应时间稳定性测试验证实验。结果表明,基于MELTAC-N平台安全级DCS环网软硬件设计具有较好的容错能力及响应时间稳定性。     

Short-Term Relay Quality Prediction Algorithm Based on Long and Short-Term Memory

The fraction defective of semi-finished products is predicted to optimize the process of relay production lines, by which production quality and productivity ar...     

End-to-End Multiview Gesture Recognition for Autonomous Car Parking System

The use of hand gestures can be the most intuitive human-machine interaction medium.The early approaches for hand gesture recognition used device-based methods....     

The laboratory simulation of abrasive wear

Abrasive wear has long been recognised as one of the most potentially serious tribological problems facing the operators of many types of plant and machinery; several industrial surveys have indicated that wear by abrasion can be responsible for more than 50% of unscheduled machine and plant stoppages. Locating the operating point of a tribological contact in an appropriate operational ‚map’︁ can provide a useful guide to the likely nature and origins of the surface degradation experienced in use, though care must be exercised in choosing the most suitable parameters for the axes of the plot. Laboratory testing of materials and simulations of machine contacts are carried out for a number of purposes; at one level for the very practical aims of ranking candidate materials or surface hardening treatments in order of their wear resistance, or in an attempt to predict wear lives under field conditions. More fundamentally, tests may be aimed at elucidating the essential physical mechanisms of surface damage and loss, with the longer term aim of building an analytical and predictive model of the wear process itself. In many cases, component surface damage is brought about by the ingress of hard, particulate matter into machine bearing or sealing clearances. These may be running dry although, more usually, a lubricant or service fluid is present at the interface. A number of standardised wear test geometries and procedures have been established for both two- and three-body wear situations, and these are briefly described. Although abrasive wear is often modelled as following an ‚Archard’︁ equation (i.e. a linear increase in material loss with both load and time, and an inverse dependence on specimen hardness) both industrial experience and laboratory tests of particularly lubricated contacts show that this is not always the case: increasing the hardness differential in an abrasively contaminated lubricated pair may not always reduce the rate of damage to the harder surface.     

ANGULAR DISTORTION ALLOWABLE VALUE AND ASSESS METHOD OF WELD ON COKE TOWER

A graph as the new engineering method for estimate the safety of bulging deformation of coke tower is proposed. Through stresses analysis of circumferential weld of coke tower and comparing the stresses produced by pressure with heat stress of steady state, residual stress, bending stress produced by both itself weight and wind loads, it showed that the stresses produced by pressure on the angle distortion are the main factor of equivalent stress of the combined stress. After comparing four kinds of stress controlling conditions, the relation to stress with depth of angular distortion, grade of curvature of angular distortion and half of region of angular distortion has been inferred. Graph of deformation allowable value of coke tower for different condition by angular distortion and half of region of angular distortion has been plotted. The five steps for its engineering use have been explained. The lighter the grade of curvature is, the larger of bulge allowance, may be, and the bigger of depth of angular distortion may pose too. For the coke tower with a popular structure of Dg 5 400 mm×28 mm, the result by graph is nearly more than the result of two formulas formed by other research, the error is less than 7.0%. But, the graph can be easily applied to different size of angular distortion.