共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 64 毫秒
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本文详细探讨了模糊数学用于地下水质量评价的原理和方法,并利用吉林市地下水动态观测区内的水质监测资料进行了实例计算、评价。为查明地下水的质量现状、污染的原因,提出防治和保护地下水资源的措施提供了依据。 相似文献
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通过研究区的泉点、地表水的水化学组成、氢氧同位素分析,结合水文地质条件,阐述了研究区地下水环境特征,分析表明,研究区地下水化学类型以HCO3-Ca,HCO3.Cl-Ca.Na为主,大气降水为该区各水体主要补给来源。 相似文献
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北京通州区地下水污染评价及监测网布设 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为准确刻画通州区地下水污染的分布特征,基于2008年6月采集的151个浅、中、深层地下水样进行了分层污染评价。采用数理统计学方法,计算了各层不同级别的污染面积。初步探讨了污染机理和原因。结果表明研究区内浅层地下水均已经遭受污染且污染程度较为严重,中层地下水绝大部分显示为轻度污染,而深层地下水只在西部小范围地区遭受轻度污染。提出了“重点突出、区域控制、分层监测、有机无机并重”监测网布设原则,整合并新施工监测井,形成了立体分层的地下水监测网络:其中污染源专项监孔共计71眼,区域浅层监测孔共计48眼,区域中层共计36眼,区域中深层共计26眼,区域深层共计22眼。最后对监测网的运行情况进行了简要介绍。 相似文献
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随着城市化建成的逐渐加快,频繁的人类活动加剧影响着水环境,研究城市地下水环境可以有针对性地对城市地下水资源进行系统科学的监测和保护。本文将郑州市区浅层地下水作为主要研究对象,综合运用数理统计、Piper三线图、Gibbs图和离子比值等方法分析研究区水化学特征及其影响因素,研究结果表明:郑州市区地下水表现为弱碱性、中等矿化度,地下水中主要离子以HCO-3、Ca2+、Na+含量占优势,地下水化学类型包括Ca·Mg-HCO3和Ca·Mg-SO4型,地表水表现为Ca·Mg-SO4型水。岩石风化是影响郑州市区地下水化学特征的主要控制因素,同时溶滤作用、阳离子交换作用以及人类活动对地下水化学特征的形成也有影响。本研究为该地区水资源的开发利用与保护提供了科学依据。 相似文献
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从地下水的赋存条件、水理性质及水力特征等方面,将区内地下水分为两种类型,根据含水层的埋深、富水程度,将含水层分为Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ四大含水岩组,阐述了各含水岩组的分布特征及适用性,并对各含水岩组的开发前景提出了建议。 相似文献
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Natural denitrification in the Kakamigahara groundwater basin,Gifu prefecture,central Japan 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Mohamed MA Terao H Suzuki R Babiker IS Ohta K Kaori K Kato K 《The Science of the total environment》2003,307(1-3):191-201
Although nitrate is recognized as the most common groundwater contaminant due to growing anthropogenic sources, such as agriculture in particular, its adverse effects on human and animal health are debatable. The current issue, however, is to control and reduce nitrate contamination with regards to the long residence time of groundwater within aquifers. Denitrification has recently been recognized for its ability to reduce high nitrate concentrations in groundwater. The Kakamigahara groundwater basin, Gifu prefecture, Japan, witnessed rising levels of nitrate (>12 mg/l NO(3)-N) originating from agricultural sources. Chemical analyses for the determination of major constituents of groundwater and delta(15)N of residual nitrate were performed on representative groundwater samples in order to fulfill two main objectives. One is to investigate the current situation of nitrate groundwater pollution. The second objective is to determine whether the denitrification is a potential natural mechanism, which eliminates nitrate pollution in the Kakamigahara aquifer. Agricultural nitrate contamination of groundwater was obvious from characteristically high concentrations of Ca(2+), Mg(2+), NO(3)(-) and SO(4)(2-). High nitrate concentrations were found on the eastern side of the basin in association with vegetable cultivation fields, and decreased gradually towards the west of the basin along the direction of groundwater flow. The decrease of nitrate concentration was conveniently coupled with increase of HCO(3)(-) (the heterotrophic denitrification product), pH and delta(15)N of residual nitrate (due to isotopic fractionation) from east to west. Therefore, denitrification in situ is continuously removing nitrate from the Kakamigahara groundwater system. 相似文献
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地下水脆弱性评价研究综述 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
地下水脆弱性评价是地下水资源保护的重要依据。本文对地下水脆弱性评价的概念、脆弱性评价方法进行了论述,提出了目前地下水脆弱性研究中存在的问题,并对今后的发展方向进行了展望。 相似文献
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探讨了高速公路建设中地下水环境影响评价的目的、依据、方法和内容,分析了高速公路建设对地下水环境的影响,并提出了防治措施与建议,对建设区地下水环境保护、生态文明建设及高速公路工程的合理施工与运营有着重要的意义。 相似文献
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The purpose of this study is to assess the risks from exposure to 14 volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in selected groundwater sites in Taiwan. The study employs the multimedia environment pollutant assessment system (MEPAS) model to calculate the specific non-cancer and cancer risks at an exposure level of 1 μg/L of each VOC for a variety of exposure pathways. The results show that the highest specific non-cancer risk is associated with water ingestion of vinyl chloride (VC) and that the highest specific cancer risk is associated with indoor breathing of VC. The three most important exposure pathways for risk assessment for both non-cancer and cancer risks are identified as water ingestion, dermal absorption when showering, and indoor breathing. Excess tetrachloroethylene (PCE), trichloroethylene (TCE), dichloroethylene (DCE), and VC are detected in the groundwater aquifers of one dump site and one factory. However, the study suggests that the pollutants in the contaminated groundwater aquifers do not travel extensively with groundwater flow and that the resulting VOC concentrations are below detectable levels for most of the sampled drinking-water treatment plants. Nevertheless, the non-cancer and cancer risks resulting from use of the contaminated groundwater are found to be hundred times higher than the general risk guidance values. To ensure safe groundwater utilisation, remediation initiatives for soil and groundwater are required. Finally, the study suggests that the current criteria for VOCs in drinking water might not be capable of ensuring public safety when groundwater is used as the primary water supply; more stringent quality criteria for drinking water are proposed for selected VOCs. 相似文献
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本文通过近10年徐州市62口地下水监测井监测结果分析及健康风险评价,查明了徐州地区地下水氟化物的时空变化特征、非致癌风险指数大小等。研究结果表明:2011—2022年徐州市地下水氟化物含量相对较为稳定(0.05~2.90 mg/L),也存在差异性变化趋势。地下水高氟区主要位于丰县西北部,市区北部存在个别地下水氟化物含量较高点,睢宁县地下水氟化物含量整体相对较高。研究区高氟地下水的形成主要与高氟地质背景值和降水量有关。丰县、睢宁、市区部分区域未成年人HQ超标,超标监测点占比依次为4.0%、2.9%、1.4%。三类人群的健康评价显示HQ(未成年人)>HQ(成年女性)>HQ(成年男性),HQ最大值分布总体呈现丰县>睢宁>市区>沛县>新沂>邳州的规律,建议加强徐州地区氟化物非致癌风险预防。 相似文献
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