Managing object-oriented software development

Managing object-oriented projects is subtly different than managing non-object-oriented ones. Object-oriented projects employ a different unit of decomposition, they encourage an incremental and iterative process, and quantitatively, they demand different kinds of measures. This paper examines the nature of managing object-oriented projects, and offers a variety of lessons learned from a number of real projects.Portions of this article are adapted from [Booch 1995].     

A cataloging framework for software development methods

A framework providing a basis for comparing and evaluating software development methods (SDMs), which are systems of technical procedures and notational conventions for the organized construction of software-based systems, is presented. Using the framework, practitioners and methodologists can describe and rate an SDM's support for 21 properties. The application of the framework to two examples, OMT and R.J.A. Buhr's (1990) architectural design, is discussed. Several suggested uses of the framework include: comparing a group of SDMs with one another; defining a standard in terms of the framework and then using this as a basis for discussion; examining an SDM to discover its coverage and capabilities; and combining the properties of different SDMs to create a new SDM     

Java编程题自动判分软件框架的设计

通过分析面向对象程序及其判分规则的特点,提出了一种基于反射机制、以class文件为评判对象、判分项为基本评111单元的Java编程题自动判分技术.该技术克服了现有自动判分技术存在的不足,遵循了面向对象程序固有的特征;以此为基础设计并实现了一个Java编程题自动判分软件框架.借助此框架,可以快速搭建各类涉及Java编程题自动判分功能的考试系统和作业评判系统.最后通过一个实际系统的开发表明了该框架的有效性.     

A reference framework for process-oriented software development organizations

In this paper, a proposal of a generic framework for process-oriented software development organizations is presented. Additionally, the respective way of managing the process model, and the instantiation of their processes with the Rational Unified Process (RUP) disciplines, whenever they are available, or with other kind of processes is suggested. The proposals made here were consolidated with experiences from real projects and we report the main results from one of those projects.     

A framework for artificial intelligence applications software development

Despite the promise and prominence of artificial intelligence, successful widely-based applications have been rare. Much of previous artificial intelligence work has concentrated on the demonstration of techniques rather than the development of tools that can be used in systems design, analysis and operation. A systematic program of knowledge compilation in artificial intelligence is proposed where extensible function libraries can be used by professionals in various fields and non-programming specialists in developing artificial intelligence applications.     

A framework for distributing object-oriented designs

In response to the increasing demand of information processing, the object-oriented and client-server paradigms are becoming more pervasive. While implementation solutions integrating these two paradigms are widespread, there is minimal evidence that the merging of these two concepts has been considered at the design level. Specifically, object-oriented designs remain sequential in essence, and their mapping to a given distributed object-oriented programming language is left to the creativity and/or expertise of software engineers. In this paper, we propose a quantitative approach and a supporting tool to assist the designer in the distribution process. The metrics presented provide an easy way, but still consistent and reliable, to gauge the distribution suitability of various object-oriented design entities. Published online: 29 August 2002     

A really good idea [object-oriented software development]

Reflects on the contributions made by object-oriented (OO) development and its future. Don't blame OO programming in general for the limitations of those who don't know how to apply the principles! Only a minority of the industry has tried seriously and without compromise. The experience of others-those who go at it half-heartedly-is not a good technology. So the author's answer to the OO critics is the application to object technology of Gandhi's retort when he was asked for his thoughts about Western civilization: it would be a good idea     

Analysis of object-oriented software reliability model development

Can object-oriented methods be applied to mathematical software? Apparently, according to Beall and Shepard (An object-oriented framework for reliable numerical simulations, object-oriented software. Addison Wesley, Reading, 1994) who say: “It has been recognized in a number of different fields that object-oriented programming, in general, and software frameworks, in particular, provide a means to allow the efficient construction and maintenance of large scale software systems. Since general purpose numerical analysis codes certainly qualify as large-scale software it makes sense for us to see how these methodologies can be applied to this field.”     

A new reusability metric for object-oriented software

Software Quality Journal - Software reuse is big business. Managers of software houses know that reuse can bring financial rewards to their company, so long as effective reuse procedures are in...     

A non-invasive object-oriented tool for software testing

A non-invasive approach for capture and playback (C&P) can be a very useful tool for testing applications endowed of a graphic user interface in local and/or distributed environments, and in general for testing applications without modifying their run-time environment. In the software lifecycle, the phases ofC&P are performed after the application design. Since these are close to the delivery deadline, the time needed for application testing is considered as a high, and frequently unacceptable, cost. In this paper, a new approach for non-invasiveC&P testing techniques is proposed. This is strongly based on the object-oriented paradigm at both hardware and software levels. In particular, a new board for image grabbing and pattern matching, and a new object-oriented language for specifying the tests have been defined. The main goals of this new approach are (i) the reduction of testing time by supporting the reuse of tests (coded by using a specific language) at each level of abstraction, and (ii) the anticipation of the capture-phase of testing with the system design.     

架构和面向对象技术在PLC软件开发中的应用

为降低开发实时多任务控制系统PLC软件的复杂性、提高软件开发效率和质量,把架构和对象技术引入了PLC软件开发。结合对象技术和控制系统特点,强调了抽象对象的概念,提出了被控对象和控制器对象分离的思想,指出了对象技术的适用范围,设计了PLC控制软件架构的结构模型和控制风格。该模型中单元机器级应用对象技术,在单元机器控制软件内部应用面向任务分析与设计方法,并在一个分布式输送机组的控制软件中实现了该模型。     

jMetal: A Java framework for multi-objective optimization

This paper describes jMetal, an object-oriented Java-based framework aimed at the development, experimentation, and study of metaheuristics for solving multi-objective optimization problems. jMetal includes a number of classic and modern state-of-the-art optimizers, a wide set of benchmark problems, and a set of well-known quality indicators to assess the performance of the algorithms. The framework also provides support to carry out full experimental studies, which can be configured and executed by using jMetal’s graphical interface. Other features include the automatic generation of statistical information of the obtained results, and taking advantage of the current availability of multi-core processors to speed-up the running time of the experiments. In this work, we include two case studies to illustrate the use of jMetal in both solving a problem with a metaheuristic and designing and performing an experimental study.     

FeatureIDE: An extensible framework for feature-oriented software development

FeatureIDE is an open-source framework for feature-oriented software development (FOSD) based on Eclipse. FOSD is a paradigm for the construction, customization, and synthesis of software systems. Code artifacts are mapped to features, and a customized software system can be generated given a selection of features. The set of software systems that can be generated is called a software product line (SPL). FeatureIDE supports several FOSD implementation techniques such as feature-oriented programming, aspect-oriented programming, delta-oriented programming, and preprocessors. All phases of FOSD are supported in FeatureIDE, namely domain analysis, requirements analysis, domain implementation, and software generation.     

A portable CPU-management framework for Java

The Java resource accounting framework, second edition (J-RAF2), is a portable CPU-management framework for Java environments. It is based on fully automated program-transformation techniques applied at the bytecode level and can be used with every standard Java virtual machine. J-RAF2 modifies applications, libraries, and the Java development kit itself to expose details regarding thread execution. This article focuses on the extensible runtime APIs, which are designed to let developers tailor management policies to their needs.     

A framework for object migration in object-oriented databases

This article presents a framework developed for accomodating various object migrations in ‘statically-typed’ object databases. Requirements for supporting object migrations are stipulated, and a conceptual model for describing and facilitating different kinds of migrations is described. Associated issues of controlling such migrations are then addressed, along with an initial investigation on the interence of implied migration paths and the completeness of migration operators. Some guidelines are then given to help users conduct migrations more effectively. An implementation prototype on top of an object-oriented database system was built, which embodies full support of all migration types specified in the migration model.     

Maintaining object-oriented software

The maintenance requirements of object-oriented software, including the ability to make changes easily and an in-depth understanding of the software's structure and behavior, are discussed. The problems encountered by a maintainer trying to understand object-oriented software by reading and statically analyzing it are described. The problems caused by dynamic binding, polymorphism, and cooperating object classes in object-oriented software maintenance are reviewed     

A context-based object-oriented application framework for discrete event simulation

Applying object-oriented programming (OOP) to construct simulation programs has gained momentum in the research community. Major research efforts involved with object-oriented paradigm adopted in discrete-event simulation are reviewed in this paper, along with a simulation application framework proposed which provides special reusability mechanisms. This object-oriented simulation framework consists of three object elements, that is, model, service and scheduler. The relations and interactions among these elements are also demonstrated. In addition, the abstraction of a model under such a framework is reached by a special concept and implementation, referred to as the simulation context. Each simulation context is used to model a component sub-system, e.g. the control or physical flows of a manufacturing system. A practical system, CSIMT+ +, is also developed to validate the feasibility of such a simulation application framework. Furthermore, various forms of application models based on this framework are also illustrated.