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1.
以三聚氰胺、磷酸与类石墨氮化碳(g-C3N4)为原料,通过液相反应合成了杂化三聚氰胺磷酸盐(CNMP),再通过固相热缩聚制得杂化三聚氰胺聚磷酸盐(CNMPP),表征了CNMP与CNMPP的结构和热性能。CNMPP随后被应用在阻燃聚酰胺6(FRPA6)中,并采用垂直燃烧测试、极限氧指数测试和灼热丝法研究其阻燃效果。结果表明,与三聚氰胺聚磷酸盐(MPP)相比,CNMPP的热稳定性有所提高,起始热分解温度(热失重5 %时所对应的温度)上升了8.5 ℃,650 ℃残炭率也由34.1 %提升至60.2 %;g-C3N4的杂化还提高了MPP的阻燃性,在添加量均为30 %(质量分数,下同)时,低杂化比例的CNMPP阻燃的聚酰胺6(PA6)自熄时间变短,达到UL 94 V-0级,灼热丝起燃温度升高,极限氧指数从24.2 %提高到29.5 %;但高杂化比例的CNMPP会恶化其阻燃性能。  相似文献   

2.
八钼酸蜜胺的制备、表征及阻燃协同、抑烟性能   总被引:5,自引:1,他引:5  
欧育湘  刘治国  吴俊浩 《精细化工》2004,21(11):856-860
报道了以蜜胺(MA)和七钼酸铵(AHM)制备八钼酸蜜胺的方法,即在搅拌下将1kgMA分批加入盛有1L水的反应器中,再加入1 5kg浓盐酸,加热使MA全部溶解。另外将2 2kgAHM溶于热水中,将所得水溶液再加入MA的盐酸溶液中,生成八钼酸蜜胺(MOM)白色粉末,得率大于95%。用傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)、热失重分析(TGA)、光电子能谱(XPS)及元素分析对标题化合物进行了表征。极限氧指数和UL94V阻燃性能测试表明,聚酰胺6(PA6)中加入质量分数25%的聚磷酸蜜胺(MPP),阻燃PA6的氧指数为29 6,通过UL94V-1阻燃级。如PA6中再加入质量分数2 0%的MOM,由于MOM的阻燃协同效应,阻燃PA6的氧指数可达35 3,通过UL94V-0阻燃级。实验还证明,在聚丙烯(PP)中加入质量分数1%的MOM,PP的阴燃最大烟密度降低50%以上。  相似文献   

3.
采用以聚磷酸蜜胺(MPP)为基的三元膨胀型阻燃剂阻燃聚酰胺6(PA6),测定了阻燃PA6的氧指数(LOI)、UL94V阻燃性及热稳定性,以傅立叶变换红外光谱(FT—IR)分析了阻燃PA6的热分解残余物,以锥形量热仪(CONE)测定了阻燃PA6的诸多与火灾有关的阻燃参数(包括释热速度、质量损失速度、有效燃烧热、比消光面积等),并以光电子能谱(XPS)测定了阻燃PA6残炭表面的元素组成及XPS曲线拟合数据。  相似文献   

4.
镁离子改性MPP对玻璃纤维增强聚酰胺66的阻燃研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
研究了三聚氰胺聚磷酸盐(MPP)和镁离子改性三聚氰胺聚磷酸盐(Mg-MPP)分别对玻璃纤维增强聚酰胺66(PA66)的阻燃效果、热降解行为以及力学性能的影响。结果表明,在相同添加量的情况下,添加Mg-MPP比添加加PP有着更高的阻燃效率,氧指数提高了近16%。同时还提高了材料的热稳定性,起始分解温度提高26.5℃,残炭量增加。此外,Mg—MPP阻燃玻璃纤维增强PA66的力学性能明显优于MPP阻燃玻璃纤维增强PA66,其拉伸强度、弯曲强度和悬臂梁缺口冲击强度分别比后者提高了11.8%、6.5%和18.5%。  相似文献   

5.
采用一种新型含磷硅高分子阻燃剂(EMPZR)与聚磷酸铵(APP)、多聚磷酸密胺(MPP)复配成膨胀型阻燃剂(IFR),并对聚丙烯(PP)进行阻燃。当APP/MPP/EMPZR质量比为15/10/15时,所制得的复合材料的氧指数达到33.0 %,垂直燃烧达到UL 94 V 0级;与纯PP相比,拉伸强度、弯曲强度和冲击强度都没有下降;热失重分析表明,阻燃PP材料在600 ℃时的残炭量为21.14 %,成炭率显著提高;扫描电镜对残炭形貌的表征以及氧指数测试前后阻燃PP材料的红外图谱分析证实了EMPZR与APP、MPP在PP中有良好的协效阻燃作用。  相似文献   

6.
    
Melamine polyphosphate and thermal‐plastic polyurethane (TPU)‐encapsulated solid acid were applied for flame retardant glass fibers reinforced polyamide 6 (GFPA6). The introduction of TPU would change the interfacial property between glass fibers (GFs) and polyamide 6 (PA6), weakening the “candlewick effects” of GFs in PA6. Serving as a synergist, solid acid containing sulfur (CAS) played the role of a strong acid source, which could promote the system to form much more condensed and closed char layers. Macromolecular charring agent, TPU, was able to accelerate the charring process. In addition, TPU encapsulating on the unstable solid acid could isolate CAS from PA6 resin, preventing the chemical interaction between them, which would cause the degradation of material. This established technology provided an effective approach to prepare halogen‐free flame retardant GFPA6 with UL94‐1.6 mm V0 rating and good mechanical performance, showing a promise in the future commercial application. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2007  相似文献   

7.
采用三聚氰胺作为原料,通过梯度加热制备了类石墨氮化碳(g-C3N4),再以三聚氰胺、氰尿酸和自制g-C3N4合成了三聚氰胺氰尿酸杂化物(CNMCA)。采用FTIR、XRP和TDA对g-C3N4和CNMCA的结构与热性能进行了表征。将CNMCA应用在聚酰胺6中制备了阻燃复合材料,同时,采用垂直燃烧和极限氧指数法分析了阻燃效果。结果表明,g-C3N4具有较高的热稳定性,其热失重5%(T-5%)的温度高达544.9℃。另外,g-C3N4的杂化不同程度地提高了MCA的热稳定性。当杂化比例为30%时,CNMCA的T-5%由345.5℃提升到352.3℃,在600℃下的残余质量由0.43%显著提升到23.45%。CNMCA的阻燃性能比MCA更佳,当添加到10%CNMCA30时,试样燃烧时的熔滴已无法使脱脂棉被引燃,因此,阻燃等级从UL94 V-2提升到UL94 V-0级,极限氧指数也从27.8%提升至31.3%。  相似文献   

8.
针对聚酰胺6(PA6)易燃性和卤系阻燃改性污染性的问题,介绍了未改性PA6的燃烧机理和阻燃机理,综述了近年来PA6材料无卤阻燃改性的研究进展,包括单一无卤阻燃改性和协效无卤阻燃改性两大类,其中单一无卤阻燃改性又分为有机阻燃改性(磷系阻燃改性、氮系阻燃改性、硅系阻燃改性)、无机金属阻燃改性、纳米阻燃改性,最后对PA6无卤阻燃改性的前景作出了展望。  相似文献   

9.
    
The effect of zinc borate (ZnB), borophosphate (BPO4), and organoclay were studied to improve the flame retardancy of polyamide‐6 composites containing organic phosphinates. The flame retardancy of polyamide‐6 composites was investigated using limiting oxygen index (LOI), Underwriters Laboratories (UL‐94) standard, thermogravimetric analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and mass loss calorimeter. The addition of 15 wt% aluminum phosphinate (AlPi) increased the LOI value from 22.5 to 29.5, and V0 rating was obtained from UL‐94 test. The addition of organoclay, ZnB, and borophosphate does not change the predominant gas phase mechanism of AlPi during LOI and UL‐94 tests. The addition of organoclay increased the condensed phase mechanism of AlPi physically by the protective effect of layered silicate, whereas the addition of ZnB increased the condensed phase mechanism of AlPi chemically by the formation of boron aluminum phosphate species deducted from mass loss calorimeter studies. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

10.
    
The efficiency of melamine cyanurate and a clay filler for improving the flame retardancy and other physical properties of polyamide 6 was examined. Partially intercalated‐exfoliated morphologies were obtained. Nanocomposites suffered from polymer degradation during compounding, while the molecular weight was enhanced in the case of the flame retarded samples. Silicates were shown to restrain crystallization, whereas melamine cyanurate induced heterogeneous nucleation. Both additives positively influenced the tensile modulus of the prepared samples, decreasing their ability to elongate. With respect to the UL94 flammability test, melamine cyanurate was proved to be not sufficiently capable of increasing the tendency of nanocomposites to drip, negatively affecting flammability.

  相似文献   


11.
    
In the present research, a nitrogen‐based flame‐retardant, melamine cyanurate (MCA) was surface‐treated with low‐molecular‐weight nylon through a solvent process to further improve its flowability and dispersion. The surface energy and flow energy of the modified MCA were investigated. The properties of polyamide 66 (PA66) prepared with surface‐treated and with conventional MCA were evaluated and compared. Because of lower surface energy and flow energy for modified MCA, its agglomeration degree and flow resistance are obviously decreased compared with conventional MCA, thus achieving finer and more homogenous dispersion in the PA66 matrix. Moreover, the low‐molecular‐weight nylon resin encapsulating MCA surface will melt at lower temperature during compounding with PA66; hence, it serves as a lubricant and carrier to further improve the flowability and dispersion of the flame retardants. Based on these advantages, the modified MCA flame‐retardant PA66 achieves much better flame retardancy, flowability, and mechanical properties compared with conventional MCA/PA66 under the same loading level of flame retardant (10 wt%).  相似文献   

12.
聚磷酸三聚氰胺对玻纤增强PA66的膨胀阻燃作用   总被引:7,自引:2,他引:7  
采用自制的新型膨胀型阻燃剂——聚磷酸三聚氰胺(MPP)对玻纤增强PA66进行阻燃,以氧指数和垂直燃烧(UL94)评价了其阻燃作用;以热失重测定了材料的热分解性能;以扫描电镜观察了材料残炭的结构;并探讨了MPP阻燃玻纤增强PA66的阻燃机理。试验表明,单一MPP对玻纤增强PA66有良好的阻燃效果,当添加25%时,阻燃材料的氧指数为38,0%,达到UL94V-0级;MPP参与了玻纤增强PA66的降解过程,在材料表面形成了致密的隔热、隔氧的泡沫炭层。  相似文献   

13.
    
In this study, melamine cyanurate (MCA)/melamine phosphate (MP) composite flame retardants were synthesized in the solution of phosphoric acid/polyamide 6 (PA6). Phosphoric acid acted as the solvent of PA6, catalyst of melamine‐cyanurate self‐assembly reaction and reactant of melamine‐phosphoric acid reaction. With the consumption of the acid, the pH value of the system increased, and the solved PA6 precipitated on the surface of the flame retardant particles to form polymeric encapsulation. This technology realized the synthesis and surface modification of the flame retardants in one process. The catalyst and solvent, phosphoric acid, was finally converted into the product MP, and need no an additional removing process. The encapsulated MCA/MP (EMCMP) composite flame retardants were successfully applied in the fire‐resistance to glass fiber (GF)‐reinforced PA6. Because the encapsulated layer of EMCMP was also PA6, good interfacial compatibility and effective dispersion of EMCMP in PA6 resin can be obtained, and the corresponding flame retardant materials showed excellent flame retardancy and mechanical performance. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 102: 1773–1779, 2006  相似文献   

14.
    
Polyamide 6 (PA6)–montmorillonite (MMT)–melamine cyanurate (MCA) nanocomposites were prepared by the incorporation of interdigitated crystalline MMT–MCA. Their morphologies were assessed by X‐ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, thermal stability measurement by thermogravimetric analysis, mechanical properties measurement by tensile tests, and fire retardancy measurement by limiting oxygen index testing and vertical burning testing (UL‐94). The results indicate that MMT–MCA was homogeneously nanodispersed in PA6. Compared with PA6–MCA, the PA6–MMT–MCA nanocomposites showed enhanced thermal stability. The mechanical properties and fire retardancy show that the PA6–MMT–MCA nanocomposites with 5 wt % total loading of MMT–MCA reached UL‐94 V‐2 rating (3.2 mm) and significantly increased the tensile strength of PA6 up to 24.8 % with only 1 wt % MMT in PA6. Through the control the weight ratio of MMT and MCA in MMT–MCA, the Young's modulus of PA6 could be adjusted in a very wide range (300–1100 MPa) because of the dual role of the rigid MMT and nonrigid MCA layers. The reinforced mechanism of the mechanical properties was also investigated. Consequently, the PA6–MMT–MCA nanocomposites with a good nanodispersing ability, improved thermal stability, excellent mechanical properties, and good flame retardancy were obtained and could provide broad prospects for wider applications for PA6 materials. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018 , 135, 46039.  相似文献   

15.
采用氮磷型阻燃剂三聚氰胺聚磷酸盐(MPP)与硼改性酚醛树脂(BPF)组成的复合阻燃体系对玻纤(GF)增强尼龙66( PA66)复合材料进行阻燃,获得了阻燃性能优异、力学性能良好的增强复合材料,研究了协效阻燃剂BPF/MPP配比、BPF/MPP用量及GF用量对阻燃复合材料阻燃性能的影响,采用微型燃烧量热和质量保持率分析方法研究了阻燃复合材料的燃烧及成炭行为,对复合阻燃剂的协效机理进行了讨论.结果表明,当BPF在BPF/MPP中的质量分数为15%时,添加25% BPF/MPP复合阻燃剂可使20% GF增强PA66复合材料达到V-0( 1.6 mm)阻燃级别,极限氧指数增加至25.3%,拉伸强度、弯曲强度、缺口冲击强度分别为116 MPa,132 MPa,7.1 kJ/m2.该复合材料可满足高性能无卤阻燃的使用要求.  相似文献   

16.
    
Aluminum diethylphosphinate (ADP) was wrapped with polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) by a facile method to improve its hydrophobic properties. The morphology and properties of PDMS-modified ADP (PDMS-ADP) were investigated by thermogravimetric analysis, scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and water contact angle tests. The water contact angle of PDMS-ADP was increased from 126° to 151° as compared with that of ADP, which indicates that PDMS-ADP showed good hydrophobic properties. Then, ADP and PDMS-ADP were introduced into polyamide 6 (PA6) matrices to study the flame retardancy of the composites. The flammability of the PA6/ADP and PA6/PDMS-ADP composites was much lower than that of pure PA6. The composites PA6-1 (with the addition of 15 wt% ADP) and PA6-4 (with the addition of 12 wt% PDMS-ADP) could pass the UL-94 V-0 in the vertical burning test. Meanwhile, the peak heat release rates of PA6-1 and PA6-4 were 212 and 192 kW/m2, with reductions of 67.3 and 70.4%, respectively, compared with pure PA6. These results indicated that the coating of PDMS could enhance the flame-retardant efficiency of ADP.  相似文献   

17.
采用二乙基次膦酸铝(ADP)与三聚氰胺聚磷酸盐(MPP)复配填充三元乙丙橡胶(EPDM),制备了EPDM阻燃材料,研究了ADP/MPP填充量及配比对EPDM燃烧性能及力学性能的影响。结果表明,ADP与MPP复配使用,可提高EPDM的阻燃性能,二者具有协同作用;当二者总添加量为30份、质量比为2∶1时,材料的极限氧指数可达到36%,最大热释放速率下降50.2%,总释放热降低25.9%,总生烟量降低22.3%,且EPDM的力学性能能够满足使用要求,拉伸强度为19.5 MPa,扯断伸长率为427%,邵尔A硬度为78,300%定伸应力为10.3 MPa。  相似文献   

18.
聚酰胺表面改性三聚氰胺氰尿酸盐及其阻燃聚酰胺6研究   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
以聚酰胺树脂的无机酸溶液为介质进行三聚氰胺-氰尿酸分子自组装合成三聚氰胺氰尿酸盐(MCA),并同时实现聚酰胺树脂对阻燃剂的表面包覆改性,集MCA的合成及表面改性于一体。该阻燃剂与目标阻燃树脂聚酰胺6 的相容性良好,阻燃剂粒子与聚酰胺6(PA6)树脂基体之间相界面基本消失。聚酰胺6中添加7%该阻燃剂即达到 UL94-1.6mm V0级别,成功解决了传统MCA阻燃PA6燃烧熔滴易引燃脱脂棉的问题,其极限氧指数高达34%,阻燃效率远高于传统MCA。材料力学性能良好,具有较好的市场应用前景。  相似文献   

19.
微胶囊化多聚磷酸铵的耐水性及其在聚丙烯中的阻燃性能   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
采用三聚氰胺-甲醛树脂(MF) 为囊材,以多聚磷酸铵(APP)为芯材制得微胶囊化多聚磷酸铵(MAPP)。耐水性及膨胀度试验表明,MAPP为膨胀型阻燃剂,APP/MF =3/1 (质量比,下同)时,MAPP在50 ℃时在水中的溶解度为0.052 g/100 mL,比APP减低了78 %;膨胀度达到78.6 ㎝3/g。热分析表明,聚丙烯(PP)/MAPP比PP/APP的热降解速度加快,但释热量减小。由于形成蓬松多孔膨胀炭层,PP/MAPP比PP/APP的阻燃性能更佳,PP/MAPP=70/30时,其氧指数增到30.6 %。  相似文献   

20.
摘要:以聚酰胺(PA) 6为基体材料,添加二乙基次膦酸铝(ADP)、三聚氰胺氰尿酸盐(MCA)为阻燃剂,通过熔融共混制备无卤阻燃PA6复合材料。采用水平垂直燃烧仪、氧指数测定仪、万能材料试验机以及热重分析仪研究了ADP和MCA用量对无卤阻燃PA6阻燃性能、力学性能、热降解行为的影响,并采用扫描电子显微镜观察了燃烧后炭层的形貌,探讨了ADP与MCA间的协效阻燃作用。结果表明,制备的阻燃PA6复合材料均能达到UL94 V-0阻燃级别;当ADP添加量为18%时,极限氧指数(LOI)可达33.3%;当添加14% ADP时,ADP/MCA复配阻燃体系的LOI值保持在31%以上;MCA对ADP产生协效阻燃作用,MCA的加入使得热分解温度降低,加速了PA6在燃烧时的成炭,改善了炭层结构,并使PA6具有较好的力学性能。  相似文献   

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