煤球制气经验小结

我厂经过不断探索和总结，目前已实现在Ф3．2m小高径比的煤气炉上全烧和掺烧贵州煤球，全烧煤球单炉最高产气量达7000m^3，h，平均产气量在5700m^3／h左右，灰渣残碳≤30％，每小时耗煤球2．5～2．7t：折成吨氨耗煤球在1．60-1．80t，换算成吨氨标煤耗在1．29～1．36t。掺烧30％煤球时单炉产气量在8000m^3／h左右，灰渣残碳≤20％。粉煤卖出收入400元／t，贵州煤到厂价700元／t（含粉率30％），煤球加工费在80～100元／t，     

3．5％愈创木酚可溶性液剂防治水稻条纹叶枯病田间药效研究

对3．5％愈创木酚可溶性液剂进行了水稻条纹叶枯病的田间药效试验，结果表明，用药量为50mL／667m^2、60mL/667m^2、70mL/667m^2时，第三次药后14d对水稻条纹叶枯病的防治效果分别为55．60％、66．35％、72．70％，小区干粒重分别为29．0g、30．5g、30.3g；结实率分别为72．7％、74．5％、75．4％；产量分别为5200．5Kg／hm^2、5389．0Kg／hm^2、5579．7Kg／hm^2，与空白对照相比增产效果分别为8．42％、12．35％、16．32％。因此3．5％愈创木酚可溶性液剂对水稻条纹叶枯病有较好的防治效果且有一定的增产作用。     

LNG发展驶入快车道

据ICIS统计，2012年中国LNG产量达到39．41亿m^3，同比增长约63．5％。截至2012年底，中国已投产LNG项目实际总产能达2540万m^3／d，较2011年底1470万m^3／d的设计产能增长72．79％。倘若在建项目如期投运，则2014年底中国LNG产能规模将过万，达到10258万m^3／d。2013-2015年，LNG产能复合年增长率约为62．54％，增长迅猛。     

高剂量噁唑禾草灵对麦田大龄杂草药效及安全性

应用高剂量的噁唑禾草灵 安全剂防除麦田大龄禾本科杂草硬草和日本看麦娘。结果表明。用量在90ml／667m^2。总防效达97．2％。用药量≥100ml／667m^2时，防效达100％。对小麦的药害试验表明，。恶唑禾草灵用量在100ml／667m^2以下。药后15d及30d，对小麦生长基本无影响。     

金狮冶金化工厂酸洗流程技术改造实践

介绍了36kt／a锌冶炼烟气制酸系统净化工序由水洗净化改为酸洗净化，采用了两级泡沫柱洗涤器。改造后，净化工序运行稳定，各项指标达到设计要求，污水排放量由1950m^3／d减少到60m^3／d。     

25％吡蚜酮WP对褐飞虱防治效果

吡蚜酮是防治褐飞虱的一种持效性很好的药剂,在药后10d、14d 25％的吡蚜酮用量为40g／667m^2的防效达93．80％和90．43％。     

巴陵烯烃部催化剂加料告别“白色污染” 不仅改善了作业及装置运行环境，还减轻了劳动强度

2008年10月16日，经环保部门检测，中石化巴陵石化烯烃事业部一联合装置改造后的催化剂加料间，在试运行10个月后，粉尘出口浓度由原来的300g／m^3降至目前的10g／m^3，现场粉尘排放达标率为99．8％。这项改造不仅使加料工作业告别了“白色污染”，减轻了劳动强度，还改善了加料间周围装置的运行环境。     

炼化废水处理回用臭氧生物炭工艺中试研究

中试试验表明，臭氧生物炭工艺经改造后可成功应用于炼化废水深度处理回用流程中。当废水中臭氧质量浓度为18．12g／m^3时，石油类、COD、细菌的去除率分别达到79％，28％，100％，BOD／COD值提高至O．237；生物炭工艺经曝气、加碱工艺改造后对石油类、COD、氨氮的去除率达到100％，39．7％，87．1％，出水符合循环水补充水水质要求。     

720 t/d硫磺制酸装置的改造方案

介绍了720t/d硫磺制酸装置扩产改造方案。转化器进入φ（SO2)由9．5％提高至11．0％，相应各工序进行了改造。焚硫工序，引进了磺枪及配套的空气导流装置。转化工序，转化器四段采用38m^3VK38催化剂、五段采用33m^3VK48催化剂，总转化率达99．80％，同时，优化系统配置减少系统阻力，平衡系统解决设备瓶颈，确保生产能力提高到900t/d。     

25％吡蚜酮悬浮剂防治水稻后期褐飞虱田间示范试验

在水稻生长后期,田间褐飞虱百穴虫量6000～10000头的大发生形势下,用25％吡蚜酮防治褐飞虱每667m^2用24g,药后3d与7d的防效分别为73．69％与64．92％;每667m^2用30g,药后3d与7d的防效为78．55％与70．19％,显著优于参试的乙虫腈与烯啶虫胺。建议隔15～20d再次用药。     

Development of the wastewater reclamation and reusing system with a submerged membrane bioreactor combined bio-filtration

Recently there have been many wastewater treatment processes combining different units of process to improve the dissolving and suspension of pollutants in water. The submerged membrane bioreactor (SMBR) system uses a membrane that can produce high quality water for reusing with minimal land demand, instead of using secondary clarifier as biological treatment, sand filters, ozonation, GAC or disinfection processes as a tertiary treatment. For the development of the bio-filter membrane bioreactor (BMB) system as a submerged membrane bioreactor in this study the new wastewater treatment system will consist of a rapid bio-filter clarifier, a bioreactor and a hollow fiber membrane and plate membrane, to help find the optimal process to meet the regulations for reused water. This study was performed to evaluate the BMB reusing system, made up of a rapid bio-filter clarifier, an activated sludge bioreactor and a membrane module. The rapid bio-filter clarifier replaced a conventional primary sedimentation and removed SS, BOD and COD to 40, 20, and 20%, while the turbidity and color were removed by 30 and 10% respectively. This means that the rapid bio-filter clarifier having an HRT value 5.2 min can replace the conventional primary sedimentation of the HRT value of 1.5–2.5 h. Also the BMB reusing system could achieve the effluent quality of BOD < 5 mg/L, COD < 10 mg/L, turbidity < 0.5 NTU, and color < 20 unit respectively, and total coliforms did not appear. This means this system can meet water quality standard for water reusing systems. The flux of the plate membrane and hollow Fiber membrane were 120–140 L/m² h bar and 60–90 L/m² h bar; much more water could permeate the plate type membrane than hollow fiber type membrane. Plus the total resistance of hollow fiber type membrane was higher than plate type membrane.     

明珠号生产污水系统的微气泡旋流气浮选改造

明珠号FPSO生产污水流程不稳定,加气浮选器效率低,抗波动能力差,难以保证最终出水含油达标。对现有气浮设备进行微气泡旋流气浮选改造,制备出气泡粒径为5~10μm的溶气水。通过调试,当运行流量为110~120 m~3/h,运行压力为50~80 k Pa,溶气水注入流量为1#罐体1.3~1.8 m~3/h、2#罐体2.0~2.5 m~3/h、3#罐体2.0~2.5 m~3/h、4#罐体2.3~2.8 m~3/h,溶气水注入压力为400~500 k Pa,浮选剂投加质量浓度为30~40 mg/L,清水剂投加质量浓度为15~20 mg/L时,能够在入口油质量浓度100 mg/L的条件下使出口油质量浓度30 mg/L;当入口油质量浓度100mg/L时,除油率70%。     

Two-phase flow simulation of reactor clarifiers

In this work, hydrodynamic behavior of flow in three different reactor clarifiers was simulated by three-dimensional, multiphase flow model. The primary construction of reactor clarifier was based on the Bansin Water Treatment Plant, Taiwan. This is the traditional construction, and we call it Type A. The other two were designed in such a way as to improve effluent water quality. The traditional clarifier construction was varied in these to make a large well angle (Type B) and a gradually larger inlet pipe (Type C). Solid effluent flux can be calculated directly from this model. The simulation results showed that under the same daily throughput, the Type C construction of clarifier could decrease upflow fluid velocity in the clarifier and, therefore, reduce effluent water turbidity.     

酶解-吸附澄清法提取山楂叶总黄酮的工艺研究

以山楂叶总黄酮的得率为指标,对酶解-吸附澄清法提取山楂叶总黄酮工艺进行了优化,确定最优工艺条件为:当固定料液质量体积比为1∶20时,酶解温度55℃,酶质量浓度0.15 mg/mL,酶解时间125 m in,酶解pH值为5.0;ZTC-II天然澄清剂2种组分的加入顺序为先B后A,澄清剂B组分和A组分的用量分别为1.2 g/L和0.6 g/L,澄清温度为40℃,澄清剂的作用时间为40 m in。结果表明,酶解-吸附澄清法使后续分离步骤如大孔吸附树脂、膜分离等精制过程简化,降低了生产成本。     

涠洲XX油田清防蜡工艺研究与应用

针对涠洲XX油田AX井的结蜡情况,为了快速有效的解决该井的结蜡问题,对防污染热洗清蜡技术及化学防蜡技术进行了研究并成功应用。采取热洗清蜡及化学防蜡相结合的方式有效的解决了AX井的结蜡问题,采取化学防蜡前产油量平均20m3/d,热洗清蜡后采取化学防蜡措施,产油量一直维持在42m3/d,目前已稳产4个多月,避免了结蜡对油井产量的影响,使采油效率提高到化学防蜡前的2倍多。     

贵州某有机化工厂生产废水治理工程实例

贵州某有机化工厂主要生产20多种化工产品,企业产生的废水对周边水环境污染严重,废水产生量为4800t/d,进水COD为1500～3500mg/l、BOD为600～1400mg/l、SS为250mg/l、NH3-N为15～20 mg/l、甲醇为100～120 mg/l、甲醛为60～80 mg/l,针对这种水质设计采用前预处理＋曝气＋水解酸化＋接触氧化为主体处理工艺进行处理,出水达到《污水综合排放标准》（GB8978-1996）一级标准排放,运行稳定,工程投资和运行费用低。     

水解-接触氧化-UF-RO工艺处理印染废水及水回用工程

以浙江某企业的印染废水处理及水回用工程为例,介绍了水解-接触氧化-UF/RO工艺的处理情况,该工程处理水量为3 000 m3/d,废水原水电导率为500μS/cm,COD为900 mg/L,SS质量浓度为400 mg/L,色度为650倍。运行结果回用水量2 000 m3/d,回用水的电导率小于20μS/cm,COD小于3 mg/L,回用水水质稳定,达到企业生产用水水质要求。回用水处理费用为3.305元/m3。     

中水处理技术费用的数学模型

以污水处理厂二级出水加混凝、沉淀、过滤、消毒处理为依据,推导出中水处理系统的费用函数。由费用函数计算,当处理规模控制在150m3/d以上,则包括设备折旧的中水处理成本可降至1.50元/m3以下。中水设施的投入产出比为1∶4.83。     

连云港市第三水厂二期及深度处理工程设计

为确保连云港城市供水安全,连云港市第三水厂进行了改造,计划在2012年供水高峰前建成通水。连云港市第三水厂二期及深度处理工程设计规模分别为10万m^3／d和20万m^3／d。该文对项目的净水工艺进行了比选,并对主要净水工艺设计进行了介绍。     

SELECTIVE RECOVERY OF COAGULANTS FROM WATER CLARIFIER SLUDGE BY THE USE OF FIBROUS ION EXCHANGERS

ABSTRACT

A new technology for removal and recovery of coagulants from water clarifier sludge has been optimized at laboratory scale pilot plant level. The process is based on the use fibrous exchangers showing good kinetic and thermodynamic performance toward coagulant species (Al, Fe) present in the acidic leachate (pH 3.5) from water clarifier sludge. The innovation allows for the solution of the environmental problem related to clarifier sludge disposal (residual solids after metals leaching are safely applied to land), and quantitative recovery of coagulants to the water potabilisation operations

Process optimisation, by using real clarifier sludge from the Sinni River Water Works (Apulian Water Authority, S.E. Italy), was carried-out and results are illustrated in the paper. A commercial weak cation fibrous exchanger (Fiban K4) with carboxylate functionality, selectively removed aluminium and ferric species in “moving bed” unit operations with the resin re-circulating through the stationary exhaustion and regeneration baths. Resin regeneration was efficiently carried-out by the use of 0.4M NaOH solution for quantitative recovery of almost pure coagulants, ready for reuse. Together with process optimisation, the paper also reports some mechanistic indications on the fibrous resin performance toward polyvalent metal species retention at the resin functional groups.