’96上半年化工市场趋势

’９６上半年化工市场趋势市场看好的品种硝酸，硫酸，盐酸，液氯，烧碱，铬盐，氰化钠，双氧水，钛白粉，硫酸铜，黄磷，磷酸，三氯化磷，三氯氧磷，炭黑，氯酸钾，亚硝酸钠，一氯甲烷，四氯乙烯，烷基苯，丁二烯，对二甲苯，新戊二醇，三羟甲基丙烷，环氧氯丙烷，冰醋酸...     

380余种化工产品取消出口退税行业影响重大

根据调整目录，从2007年7月1日起，我国约380余种化工产品完全取消了出口退税。所涉及的化工产品包括粗苯，粗甲苯，粗二甲苯，萘，氟，氯，溴，碘，升华、沉淀、胶态硫磺，钠，汞，氯化氢（盐酸），氯磺酸，硫酸，发烟硫酸，红发烟硝酸，五氧化二磷，磷酸及偏磷酸、焦磷酸，硼的氧化物，硼酸，氨，氨水，     

2001—2002年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2001年7月到2002年6月有关国外塑料工业的相关期刊资料，介绍了2001年到2002年国外塑料工业的发展情况，提供了世界各地域塑料原材料的产量及构成比，日本，美国，加拿大，德国，法国，比利时，墨西哥，芬兰，西班牙等国家的树脂产量，消费量及增长率，以及日本，西欧，北美等地区的不同品种塑料原料消费量和增长率统计，按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯，聚丙烯，聚苯乙烯，聚氯乙烯，ABS树脂），工程塑料（尼龙，聚碳酸酯，聚甲醛，热塑性聚酯，聚苯醚），通用热固性树脂（酚醛，聚氨酯，不饱和树脂，环氧树脂），特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚，液晶聚合物，聚醚醚酮）不同品种的顺序，对树脂的产量，消费量及合成工艺，产品应用开发，树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等有关技术作了详细的介绍。     

塑料在十三个领域的应用实例

本文介绍了塑料在汽车，情报通信，电子，家电，办公机器，电线电缆，机械部件，船舶，航空宇航，铁道车辆，原子能设备，包装容器，医疗等领域的应用实例。     

巧心为用 寄托遥深——论陶瓷美术艺术手法

陶瓷美术作品的艺术魅力，在于巧用艺术手法，艺术手法大致可分引用，映衬，象征，双关，拟人，夸张，借代，对比，比喻，渲染等类，巧用这些手法，能大大地增强作品的艺术感染力。     

国内简讯

第二次胶粘剂“九五”生产规划调研工作会议召开第二次工作会议于３月２３～２４日在北京召开，参加会议的有化工部规划院，化工信息中心，中国胶粘剂工作协会，中国汽车工业总公司，北京东方化工厂，北京有机化工厂，天津市有机化工实验厂，上海市合成树脂研究所，上海新光化工厂，化工部黎明化工院，成都有机硅应用研究技术服务中心，中科院大连化物所，广州化学所，黑龙江省科学院石化所，机电部５３所，山东化工厂等单位代表。会议讨论了聚氨酯，丙烯酸酯，乳液，聚乙烯酸缩醛，有机硅，氯丁胶，厌氧胶，热熔胶，瞬干胶，建筑结构胶，辐…     

火焰原子吸收光谱法连续测定地质试样中12种元素

报道了用盐酸，氢氟酸，高氯酸溶样，以稀盐酸为介质，空气－乙烯火焰原子吸收法连续测定地质样品中的Ｃｕ，Ｐｂ，Ｚｎ，Ｆｅ，Ｃｏ，Ｎｉ，Ｃｒ，Ｌｉ，Ｍｎ，Ｒｂ，Ｋ，Ｎａ，方法简单快速，并讨论了仪器工作条件和主要干扰因素的消除，对于地质标样，测定结果的相对标准偏差不超过５％。     

我国精细化工中间体与催化技术的状况

我国精细化学品的分类及催化剂的应用 根据国情和国民经济发展的需要，中国将精细化学品分为农药，染料，涂料，颜料，试剂和高纯物，信息用化学品，食品和饲料添加剂，粘合剂，催化剂和各种助剂，化学药品和日用化学品。高分子聚合物中的功能高分子等11个大类。其中催化剂包括炼油，石油化工，有机化工，精细化工，合成氨，硫酸，环保用催化剂和其它催化剂；助剂包括印染助剂，塑料助剂，橡胶助剂，水处理化学品，纤维抽丝用油剂，有机抽提剂，高分子聚合物添加剂，表面活性剂，皮革化学品，农药用助剂，油田化学品，混凝土外加剂，机械和冶金用助剂，油田添加剂，炭黑，吸附剂，电子化学品，造纸化学品及玻璃防雾剂和乳胶凝固剂等其它助剂。将生产精细化学品的工业称为精细化工。     

顺酐生产与市场分析

顺酐又名马来酸酐，化学品称顺丁烯二酸酐，是一种重要的有机化工原料，是仅次于苯酐，醋酐的第三大酸酐，顺酐主要用于生产不饱和聚酯，醇酸树脂，另外还用于农药，涂料，油墨，润滑油添加剂，造纸化学品，纺织品整理剂，表面活性剂等领域，以顺酐为原料可以生产1，4－丁二醇，γ－丁内酯，四氢呋喃，马来酸，富马酸和四氢酸酐等一系列重要的有机化学品和精细化学品。     

氯乙酸母液的回收、处理与利用

本评述及介绍氯乙酸母液回收，处理，利用技术以及得到的有价值的化学产品，这些产品包括氯乙酸，二氯乙酸，乙酸，氯乙酸甲酯，二氯乙酸甲酯，草酸钠，乙醇酸，羧甲基纤维素钠，三氯乙酸，氯仿，巯基乙酸，氮川三乙酸及乙醛酸等十多种。     

Sulphurization of jojoba oil for application as extreme pressure additive

In order to develop jojoba oil-based extreme pressure (E P) additives, a number of sulphurized jojoba oils have been prepared by varying the reaction conditions. The products differ in their amount of sulphur and in their structure. An attempt to predict their performance based on their structure reveals that it is not a simple addition of sulphur which is required; a certain level of cross linking and polymerization also are desirable to have a product which is effective as an E P additive.     

甲壳素、壳聚糖及其衍生物的研究和应用

甲壳素、壳聚糖及其衍生物是一种天然高分子产品，随着对其研究的深入发展，涉及的内容和应用范围也越来越广泛。从甲壳素、壳聚糖发展历史、性质、应用及发展趋势等几方面对其进行简要综述。     

A Focus on Enterochromaffin Cells among the Enteroendocrine Cells: Localization,Morphology, and Role

The intestinal epithelium plays a key role in managing the relationship with the environment, the internal and external inputs, and their changes. One percent of the gut epithelium is represented by the enteroendocrine cells. Among the enteroendocrine cells, a group of specific cells characterized by the presence of yellow granules, the enterochromaffin cells, has been identified. These granules contain many secretion products. Studies showed that these cells are involved in gastrointestinal inflammatory conditions and hyperalgesia; their number increases in these conditions both in affected and not-affected zones of the gut. Moreover, they are involved in the preservation and modulation of the intestinal function and motility, and they sense metabolic–nutritional alterations. Sometimes, they are confused or mixed with other enteroendocrine cells, and it is difficult to define their activity. However, it is known that they change their functions during diseases; they increased in number, but their involvement is related mainly to some secretion products (serotonin, melatonin, substance P). The mechanisms linked to these alterations are not well investigated. Herein, we provide an up-to-date highlight of the main findings about these cells, from their discovery to today. We emphasized their origin, morphology, and their link with diet to better evaluate their role for preventing or treating metabolic disorders considering that these diseases are currently a public health burden.     

Molecular solutes in ionic liquids: a structural perspective

Understanding physicochemical properties of ionic liquids is important for their rational use in extractions, reactions, and other applications. Ionic liquids are not simple fluids: their ions are generally asymetric, flexible, with delocalized electrostatic charges, and available in a wide variety. It is difficult to capture their subtle properties with models that are too simplistic. Molecular simulation using atomistic force fields, which describe structures and interactions in detail, is an excellent tool to gain insights into their liquid-state organization, how they solvate different compounds, and what molecular factors determine their properties. The identification of certain ionic liquids as self-organized phases, with aggregated nonpolar and charged domains, provides a new way to interpret the solvation and structure of their mixtures. Many advances are the result of a successful interplay between experiment and modeling, possible in this field where none of the two methodologies had a previous advance.     

提高我国陶瓷企业核心竞争力之我见

核心竞争力是企业可持续发展的重要战略支撑。我国的陶瓷企业要想在竞争中发展壮大,就必须拥有强大的核心竞争力。目前中国的陶瓷企业,已经置身于全球经济一体化的大背景中,经济全球化必将对国内陶瓷企业造成巨大冲击。在全球经济一体化时代,陶瓷企业要想谋求生存与发展,就必须不断适应世界经济变革的新变化,善于吸取世界经济技术的新成果,进而不断提高企业的核心竞争力,使企业具有长期或根本性的竞争优势。本文较详细地解读了企业的核心竞争力,分析了提高我国陶瓷企业核心竞争力的必要性,并在此基础上详细地阐述了我国陶瓷企业如何提高核心竞争力。     

中国涂料业的出路何在

面临着激烈的市场竞争 ,中国涂料工业应该从长计议 ,既要有危机感 ,也要看到自身的优势 ,注重在转变观念 ,创出品牌上下功夫。     

Nutritional importance of phenolic compounds in the diet

Phenols are one of the major groups of nonessential dietary components appearing in vegetable foods. They are a wide chemical compounds group that are considered as secondary plant metabolites, with different activity and chemical structure, including more than 8,000 different compounds. Phenols, has traditionally been considered as antinutritive compounds due to the adverse effect of one of their main components, tannins, on protein digestibility. However, actually there is an increased interest in these compounds because they have been associated with the inhibition of atherosclerosis and cancer. The bioactivity of phenolics may be related to their antioxidant behaviour, which is attributed to their ability to chelate metals, inhibit lipoxygenase and scavenge free radicals. This review make a global view on the main phenolic compound groups, their organoleptic effects in vegetable foods, their physiological effects in humans, their metabolism, bioavailability as well as their content in the diet.     

H.p.l.c. separation and g.c. characterization of polynuclear aromatic fractions of bitumen,heavy oils and their synthetic crude products

Characterization of bitumen, heavy oils, crude oil distillation residues and their processed products involves separation of the mixtures into several compound classes according to their molecular structure. However, these fractions are still very complex and often need further separation in order to get a better insight into their composition as well as the processing reactions involved in their upgrading. In this paper, the polynuclear aromatic fraction is divided into three subfractions by high performance liquid chromatography. Gas chromatography is then used to quantify these fractions and to determine their average molecular weight by a new method derived from simulated distillation. Crude oil distillation residues and their hydrocracked products are used to demonstrate this method.     

Copolymers—A refined way to tailor intrinsically conducting polymers

An overview is given on electrochemically prepared intrinsically conducting copolymers, their preparation, their properties, potential applications and significant differences from the respective homopolymers. Particular attention is paid to verification of the formation of true copolymers and their characteristic features in comparison to mixtures of homopolymers.     

Characteristics and composition of vegetable oil-bearing materials

A survey of the commercially most important oil-bearing fruits and seeds is presented. Their place in the nutrition of the world’s population is sketched, both as a source of fat and as a potential source of protein. Origin and occurrence of a number of oil fruits and seeds are treated, and their relative importance is discussed. Characteristics of the vegetable oils are described in the light of their fatty acid compositions. Nutritional aspects of polyunsaturated fatty acids are discussed briefly, as well as the antinutritional properties of erucic acid. Oilseed proteins are discussed from the point of view of their growing importance as a source of food for man, and compositions of their essential amino acids are discussed in relation to their nutritive value.