姜黄素对HeLa细胞增殖和凋亡的影响

目的探讨姜黄素对HeLa细胞增殖和凋亡的影响及其机制。方法分别用10、20、40μmol/L姜黄素处理HeLa细胞24h后,MTT法检测细胞的增殖,光镜观察细胞形态,TUNEL技术检测细胞的凋亡,免疫细胞化学法检测Cytochrome C和Caspase-9蛋白的表达,Western blot法检测XIAP蛋白的表达。结果姜黄素对HeLa细胞的增殖有抑制作用,并呈剂量依赖性;部分细胞呈现典型的凋亡形态学改变;姜黄素作用后,Cytochrome C和Caspase-9蛋白的表达显著增强,XIAP蛋白的表达显著下降,且均呈剂量依赖性。结论姜黄素能抑制HeLa细胞增殖并诱导其凋亡,Cytochrome C和Caspase-9的表达上调及XIAP的表达下调可能参与凋亡过程。     

多西紫杉醇对人喉癌细胞Hep-2增殖的抑制作用

目的探讨多西紫杉醇(Docetaxel,TXT)对人喉癌细胞Hep-2增殖的抑制作用。方法分别用不同浓度的TXT(0、10、20、40、80、100和200ng/ml)作用Hep-2细胞不同时间(0、0.5、1、2和4h),MTT法检测细胞的增殖活性,并与阿霉素(Adriamycin,ADM)、5-氟尿嘧啶(5-fluorouracil,5-Fu)和长春新碱(Vincristine,VCR)等抗肿瘤药物的抑制效果进行比较。采用流式细胞术检测TXT对Hep-2细胞凋亡的影响。结果与ADM、5-Fu和VCR等抗肿瘤药物相比,TXT对Hep-2细胞具有较高的抑制活性,其抑制效果在一定范围内呈量效和时效关系;TXT能够有效诱导Hep-2细胞凋亡。结论 TXT可显著抑制Hep-2细胞增殖,是一种具有广阔应用前景的喉癌治疗临床药物。     

Nutlins类似物NL32对非小细胞肺癌A549细胞增殖及凋亡的影响

目的探讨新型小分子Nutlins结构类似物NL32在体外对非小细胞肺癌A549细胞增殖及凋亡的影响。方法采用MTT法检测不同浓度NL32(100、33、11、3.7、1.2、0.4、0.14μmol/L)对A549细胞增殖的影响,并计算其半数致死浓度(IC50);流式细胞术检测NL32对A549细胞凋亡及细胞周期的影响;Western blot法检测NL32对A549细胞p53蛋白及其下游蛋白p21表达的影响。结果不同浓度的NL32对A549细胞的增殖均有一定的抑制作用,且呈剂量依赖性,其对A549细胞的IC50为15.9μmol/L;NL32可诱导A549细胞凋亡,并将细胞周期阻滞在G2期,且呈剂量依赖性;NL32能上调A549细胞p53和p21蛋白的表达。结论 NL32能有效地以浓度依赖的方式抑制A549细胞增殖,诱导细胞凋亡,引起细胞发生G2期周期阻滞,NL32上调p53和p21蛋白的表达可能是其引发A549细胞周期阻滞和凋亡的原因之一。     

秦巴硒菇提取物FA-2-b-β对伯基特淋巴瘤Raji细胞增殖及凋亡的影响及其作用机制

目的观察秦巴硒菇提取物酸性RNA蛋白复合物FA-2-b-β对伯基特淋巴瘤细胞株Raji增殖及凋亡的影响,并探讨其相关作用机制。方法体外培养Raji细胞,分别加入浓度为0.9、1.5、2.1、2.7 mg/mL的FA-2-b-β,对照组加入等量培养基。培养24、48、72 h后收集各组细胞,采用CCK-8法检测FA-2-b-β对Raji细胞的增殖抑制作用;流式细胞仪检测细胞凋亡率;Western blot法检测细胞β-catenin、c-myc、cyclin D1、Bcl-2、Bax蛋白的表达。结果 FA-2-b-β能抑制Raji细胞增殖,且呈浓度-时间依赖性(P 0.01);给药48 h后,各浓度FA-2-b-β组细胞凋亡率较对照组均显著上升,且呈剂量依赖性(P 0.05);各浓度FA-2-b-β组细胞β-catenin、c-myc、cyclin D1、Bcl-2蛋白的表达水平显著低于对照组,且呈剂量依赖性(P 0.05),Bax蛋白表达水平显著高于对照组,同样呈剂量依赖性(P 0.05),Bax/Bcl-2比值增加。结论 FA-2-b-β呈时间-剂量依赖性诱导伯基特淋巴瘤凋亡,可能与Wnt/β-catenin信号通路相关。     

抗坏血酸与乳腺癌MDA-MB-231细胞增殖和凋亡的相关性

目的 探讨抗坏血酸与乳腺癌MDA-MB-231细胞增殖和凋亡的相关性。方法分别用0.5、1.0、2.0和4.0mmol/L的抗坏血酸处理MDA-MB-231细胞,MTT法检测细胞增殖水平;RT-PCR检测细胞p53和bcl-2基因mRNA的转录水平;West-ern blot检测细胞P53和bcl-2蛋白的表达;流式细胞术检测细胞的凋亡率。结果不同浓度的抗坏血酸均可明显抑制MDA-MB-231细胞增殖,促进其凋亡,并使细胞p53基因mRNA转录水平及P53蛋白的表达水平明显升高,而bcl-2基因mRNA转录水平及bcl-2蛋白表达水平明显降低,且均呈剂量依赖性。结论抗坏血酸能抑制MDA-MB-231细胞增殖,诱导其凋亡,其机制可能是通过上调P53,下调bcl-2介导的。     

3种茶提取物对MCF-7细胞增殖、凋亡的影响及其与蛋白激酶B的相关性

目的 探讨红茶、绿茶及普洱茶提取物对人乳腺癌细胞MCF-7增殖、凋亡的影响及其与蛋白激酶B(Protein ki-nase B,PKB)的相关性。方法用不同浓度的3种茶提取物处理MCF-7细胞不同时间,MTT法检测其对MCF-7细胞增殖的影响;Annexin V-FITC/PI双染流式细胞术检测其对细胞凋亡的影响;实时定量PCR检测细胞PKB基因mRNA的转录水平。结果 3种茶提取物对MCF-7细胞的增殖均具有明显的抑制作用,且呈时间、剂量依赖性;3种茶提取物处理的细胞早期凋亡率均高于未处理细胞,PKB基因mRNA的表达量明显降低。结论 3种茶提取物均含有可以抑制PKB转录活性的天然成分,并可诱导MCF-7细胞凋亡;其中绿茶诱导MCF-7细胞凋亡效果最明显。     

大豆多肽对前列腺癌PC-3细胞增殖及凋亡的影响

目的探讨大豆多肽对前列腺癌PC-3细胞增殖及凋亡的影响,为临床应用大豆多肽治疗前列腺癌提供实验依据。方法用不同浓度的大豆多肽(5、10、15、20μmol/L)处理前列腺癌PC-3细胞不同时间(24、48、72 h),采用MTT法检测细胞的增殖活力,倒置显微镜观察细胞的形态,流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡率及细胞周期。结果大豆多肽可抑制前列腺癌PC-3细胞的增殖,将细胞周期阻滞在G2/M期,诱导细胞凋亡,中晚期细胞凋亡趋势明显,且呈明显的剂量与时间依赖性;随着大豆多肽浓度的增加,前列腺癌PC-3细胞密度逐渐降低,边缘趋于圆滑,细胞间隙逐渐增大,局部可见部分已固缩的细胞及死亡的细胞碎片。结论大豆多肽可抑制前列腺癌PC-3细胞增殖,诱导细胞凋亡,在临床治疗前列腺癌方面具有广阔的应用前景。     

姜黄素对人髓母细胞瘤DOAY细胞增殖的影响及其机制

目的探讨姜黄素对髓母细胞瘤(medulloblastoma,MB)DAOY细胞增殖的影响及其机制。方法用20、40、60、80、100μmol/L的姜黄素(curcumin)处理DAOY细胞24、48和72 h,采用MTT法检测姜黄素对细胞增殖活性的影响;用30μmol/L姜黄素处理DAOY细胞48 h,设未处理细胞为对照组,免疫细胞化学法检测姜黄素对细胞中β-catenin蛋白表达的影响,Western blot法检测β-catenin及cylinD1蛋白的表达水平。结果不同浓度及作用不同时间姜黄素均可明显抑制DAOY细胞的增殖(P0.05),且在姜黄素浓度≤60μmol/L时,呈时间、剂量依赖性。对照组细胞中,β-catenin蛋白在胞浆和胞核中均有表达,且以胞核为主,经30μmol/L姜黄素处理48 h后,胞核蛋白β-catenin及总蛋白cyclinD1的表达均明显低于对照组(P0.05),胞浆蛋白β-catenin的表达无明显降低(P0.05)。结论姜黄素可通过抑制β-catenin的表达和核转位,阻断Wnt/β-catenin信号通路转导,进而抑制其下游靶基因cyclinD1的表达,从而抑制MB的增殖。     

白藜芦醇对人腺泡横纹肌肉瘤细胞株PLA-802增殖和凋亡的影响及其分子机制

目的观察白藜芦醇(Resveratrol,Res)对人腺泡横纹肌肉瘤(rhabdomyosarcoma,RMS)细胞株PLA-802增殖及凋亡的影响,并探讨其可能的分子机制。方法体外培养PLA-802细胞,用不同浓度的Res(25、50、100、200μmol/L)作用不同时间(24、48、72 h)。MTT法检测Res对PLA-802细胞增殖活力的影响;流式细胞术检测Res对PLA-802细胞周期和凋亡的影响;采用Caspase-3活性检测试剂盒检测Caspase-3酶的活性;Western blot法检测PLA-802细胞中与凋亡密切相关的Bax、Bcl-2、Survivin和Caspase-3酶蛋白的表达水平。结果 Res可明显抑制PLA-802细胞的增殖(P0.05)及提高Caspase-3酶活性(P0.001),且呈剂量-时间依赖性;同时可明显提高处于G0/G1及G2/M期的细胞比例(P0.01),减少S期细胞比例(P0.001),促进PLA-802细胞的凋亡,且可显著增加促凋亡蛋白Bax和Caspase-3的表达水平(P0.05),降低抗凋亡蛋白Bcl-2和Survivin的表达水平(P0.05)。结论 Res可通过上调Bax、Caspase-3及下调Bcl-2和Survivin蛋白的表达水平及激活Caspase-3酶活性,诱导PLA-802细胞的凋亡并抑制其增殖,为治疗RMS提供了实验依据。     

抗促黄体激素释放激素受体单克隆抗体对人子宫内膜癌Ishikawa细胞增殖及凋亡的影响

目的探讨抗促黄体激素释放激素受体(luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone receptor,LHRHR)单克隆抗体4F3B10对人子宫内膜癌Ishikawa细胞增殖及凋亡的影响。方法利用半定量RT-PCR分析Ishikawa细胞中LHRHR基因m RNA的转录水平,以β2-M基因为内参标准,通过光密度定量扫描比较确定LHRHR基因量。采用CCK-8法检测4F3B10对Ishikawa细胞增殖的影响;利用Annexin V-FITC/PI双染,在流式细胞仪上检测4F3B10对Ishikawa细胞凋亡的影响。结果 Ishikawa细胞中LHRHR的基因量约为内参的67.23%。4F3B10对Ishikawa细胞的增殖具有抑制作用,且呈剂量依赖性;经半数抑制浓度的4F3B10作用Ishikawa细胞48 h后,细胞凋亡率较未经4F3B10作用的细胞显著升高(P0.05)。结论 4F3B10可有效抑制Ishikawa细胞增殖,并可诱导其凋亡。     

联氨基姜黄素对乳腺癌细胞MCF-7增殖和凋亡的影响及其机制

目的探讨联氨基姜黄素对人乳腺癌细胞MCF-7增殖和凋亡的影响及其机制。方法采用MTT法检测联氨基姜黄素对MCF-7细胞的抗增殖效应,Hochest33258染色观察细胞形态学变化,流式细胞术分析细胞的周期分布和凋亡情况,Western blot检测MCF-7细胞中Bcl-2、Bax、Cyclin D1和Survivin蛋白的表达变化。结果联氨基姜黄素可抑制MCF-7细胞的增殖,IC50为2.56μmol/L,而姜黄素的IC50为21.22μmol/L;联氨基姜黄素染色24 h后,MCF-7细胞出现核荧光强度增强、颗粒状荧光等凋亡特征;凋亡细胞比率明显增加,并可阻滞细胞周期于G1期,且呈一定的剂量依赖性;联氨基姜黄素可使MCF-7细胞中Bcl-2、Cyclin D1、Survivin蛋白表达水平明显降低,而Bax表达增加。结论联氨基姜黄素具有抑制MCF-7细胞增殖、促进凋亡、阻滞细胞周期于G1期的作用,其机制可能与Bcl-2、Bax、Cyclin D1、Survivin蛋白的表达改变有关。     

Inactivation of the Akt/FOXM1 Signaling Pathway by Panobinostat Suppresses the Proliferation and Metastasis of Gastric Cancer Cells

Gastric cancer is the fifth most common cancer and the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors are a new class of cytostatic agents available for the treatment of various cancers and diseases. Although numerous clinical and pre-clinical trials on the anticancer effects of panobinostat have been conducted, only a few reports have investigated its efficacy in gastric cancer. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of panobinostat in gastric cancer cells. Panobinostat significantly inhibited the cell viability and proliferation of the gastric cancer cell lines SNU484 and SNU638 in a dose-dependent manner; it reduced the colony-forming ability of these cells. Moreover, it induced apoptosis as indicated by increased protein levels of cleaved poly ADP-ribose polymerase and cleaved caspase-3. Panobinostat induced the G2/M cell cycle arrest in SNU484 and SNU638 cells and subsequently decreased the G2/M phase regulatory-associated protein expression of p-Wee1, Myt1, and Cdc2. Furthermore, panobinostat significantly inhibited the metastasis of SNU484 and SNU638 cells by regulating the expression of MMP-9 and E-cadherin. Further, it decreased the protein levels of p-Akt and forkhead box protein M1 (FOXM1). These effects were reversed by the Akt agonist SC79 and were accelerated by the Akt inhibitor LY2940002. Moreover, tumor growth in xenograft animal experiments was suppressed by panobinostat. These results indicated that panobinostat inhibits the proliferation, metastasis, and cell cycle progression of gastric cancer cells by promoting apoptosis and inactivating Akt/FOXM1 signaling. Cumulatively, our present study suggests that panobinostat is a potential drug for the treatment of gastric cancer.     

DADS Suppresses Human Esophageal Xenograft Tumors through RAF/MEK/ERK and Mitochondria-Dependent Pathways

Diallyl disulfide (DADS) is a natural organosulfur compound isolated from garlic. DADS has various biological properties, including anticancer, antiangiogenic, and antioxidant effects. However, the anticancer mechanisms of DADS in human esophageal carcinoma have not been elucidated, especially in vivo. In this study, MTT assay showed that DADS significantly reduced cell viability in human esophageal carcinoma ECA109 cells, but was relatively less toxic in normal liver cells. The pro–apoptotic effect of DADS on ECA109 cells was detected by Annexin V-FITC/propidium iodide (PI) staining. Flow cytometry analysis showed that DADS promoted apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner and the apoptosis rate could be decreased by caspase-3 inhibitor Ac-DEVD-CHO. Xenograft study in nude mice showed that DADS treatment inhibited the growth of ECA109 tumor in both 20 and 40 mg/kg DADS groups without obvious side effects. DADS inhibited ECA109 tumor proliferation by down-regulating proliferation cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). DADS induced apoptosis by activating a mitochondria-dependent pathway with the executor of caspase-3, increasing p53 level and Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, and downregulating the RAF/MEK/ERK pathway in ECA109 xenograft tumosr. Based on studies in cell culture and animal models, the findings here indicate that DADS is an effective and safe anti-cancer agent for esophageal carcinoma.     

Single-wall carbon nanohorns inhibited activation of microglia induced by lipopolysaccharide through blocking of Sirt3

Single-wall carbon nanohorns (SWNHs) have been demonstrated to accumulate in cytotoxic levels within organs of various animal models and cell types, which emerge as a wide range of promising biomedical imaging. Septic encephalopathy (SE) is an early sign of sepsis and associated with an increased rate of morbidity and mortality. Microglia activation plays an important role in neuroinflammation, which contributes to neuronal damage. Inhibition of microglia activation may have therapeutic benefits, which can alleviate the progression of neurodegeneration. Therefore, we investigated the functional changes of mice microglia cell lines pre-treated with or without lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced by SWNHs. To address this question, the research about direct role of SWNHs on the growth, proliferation, and apoptosis of microglia cell lines in mice (N9 and BV2) pre-treated with or without LPS had been performed. Our results indicate that the particle diameter of SWNHs in water is between 342 to 712 nm. The images in scanning electron microscope showed that SWNHs on polystyrene surface are individual particles. LPS induced activation of mice microglia, promoted its growth and proliferation, and inhibited its apoptosis. SWNHs inhibited proliferation, delayed mitotic entry, and promoted apoptosis of mice microglia cells. The effects followed gradually increasing cultured time and concentrations of SWNHs, especially in cells pre-treated with LPS. SWNHs induced a significantly increase in G1 phase and inhibition of S phase of mice microglia cells in a dose-manner dependent of SWNHs, especially in cells pre-treated with LPS. The transmission electron microscope images showed that individual spherical SWNH particles smaller than 100 nm in diameters were localized inside lysosomes of mice microglia cells. SWNHs inhibited mitotic entry, growth and proliferation of mice microglia cells, and promoted its apoptosis, especially in cells pre-treated with LPS. SWNHs inhibited expression of Sirt3 and energy metabolism related with Sirt3 in mice microglia cells in a dose-dependent manner, especially in cells pre-treated with LPS. The role of SWNHs on mice microglia was implicating Sirt3 and energy metabolism associated with it.     

Curcumin Analogues with Potent and Selective Anti-proliferative Activity on Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia: Involvement of Accumulated Misfolded Nuclear Receptor Co-repressor (N-CoR) Protein as a Basis for Selective Activity

Curcumin arrests the proliferation of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) cells by stabilizing the misfolded nuclear receptor co-repressor (N-CoR) protein, thereby sensitizing APL cells to apoptosis induced by the unfolded protein response. This phenomenon was attributed to inhibition of the proteasomal and protease-induced breakdown of misfolded N-CoR by curcumin. Curcumin is, however, a modest inhibitor and affected the viability of APL cells at micromolar concentrations. Modifying curcumin at its conjugated β-diketone linker and terminal phenyl rings yielded potent congeners with sub-micromolar growth inhibitory activities which selectively kill APL cells over non-APL leukemic and nonmalignant cells. Analogues with pronounced APL-selective anti-proliferative activities, as observed in representative dibenzylidenecyclohexanones and dibenzylidenecyclopentanones, strongly promoted the accumulation of misfolded and nonfunctional N-CoR at significantly lower concentrations than their growth inhibitory IC(50) values. These compounds also inhibited the human 20S proteasome in an enzyme-based assay, thus providing convincing support for the prevailing hypothesis that impeding the degradation of N-CoR is a key mechanistic event contributing to APL cell death.     

Iron Chelator Induces Apoptosis in Osteosarcoma Cells by Disrupting Intracellular Iron Homeostasis and Activating the MAPK Pathway

Osteosarcoma is a common malignant bone tumor in clinical orthopedics. Iron chelators have inhibitory effects on many cancers, but their effects and mechanisms in osteosarcoma are still uncertain. Our in vitro results show that deferoxamine (DFO) and deferasirox (DFX), two iron chelators, significantly inhibited the proliferation of osteosarcoma cells (MG-63, MNNG/HOS and K7M2). The viability of osteosarcoma cells was decreased by DFO and DFX in a concentration-dependent manner. DFO and DFX generated reactive oxygen species (ROS), altered iron metabolism and triggered apoptosis in osteosarcoma cells. Iron chelator-induced apoptosis was due to the activation of the MAPK signaling pathway, with increased phosphorylation levels of JNK, p38 and ERK, and ROS generation; in this process, the expression of C-caspase-3 and C-PARP increased. In an orthotopic osteosarcoma transplantation model, iron chelators (20 mg/kg every day, Ip, for 14 days) significantly inhibited the growth of the tumor. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that iron metabolism was altered, apoptosis was promoted, and malignant proliferation was reduced with iron chelators in the tumor tissues. In conclusion, we observed that iron chelators induced apoptosis in osteosarcoma by activating the ROS-related MAPK signaling pathway. Because iron is crucial for cell proliferation, iron chelators may provide a novel therapeutic strategy for osteosarcoma.     

氨氯地平对小鼠肝癌H_(22)细胞细胞周期及相关蛋白表达的影响

目的探讨氨氯地平对小鼠肝癌H22细胞细胞周期及相关蛋白表达的影响。方法用不同浓度的氨氯地平作用小鼠肝癌H22细胞,采用MTT法检测细胞的增殖水平,流式细胞术检测细胞周期和凋亡情况,免疫组化及RT-PCR法检测细胞周期蛋白CyclinB1和肿瘤抑制基因p53在蛋白水平和基因水平的表达。结果氨氯地平(1.75×10-3、3.5×10-3、7×10-3、14×10-3、28×10-3mg/ml)作用24、36、48h,均可抑制细胞增殖,作用48h的半数抑制浓度(IC50)为13.4μmol/L;氨氯地平对小鼠肝癌H22细胞细胞周期G2期具有阻滞作用且可使细胞发生凋亡;氨氯地平作用后的小鼠肝癌H22细胞周期蛋白CyclinB1的表达明显降低,p53表达明显增高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论氨氯地平能显著抑制小鼠肝癌H22细胞增殖,并通过下调G2期周期蛋白CyclinB1水平和上调肿瘤抑制基因p53的表达而达到抗肿瘤效果。     

三七总皂甙对大鼠肺动脉血管平滑肌细胞增殖和凋亡的影响及其机制

目的探讨三七总皂甙(Panax notoginseng saponins,PNS)对大鼠肺动脉血管平滑肌细胞(Pulmonary artery smoothmuscle cell,PASMC)增殖和凋亡的影响及其机制。方法将PASMC分为5组:对照组(不给药)、bFGF组(8 ku/L)、bFGF+低、中、高剂量PNS组(bFGF 8 ku/L+300、450、600μg/L PNS),给药24 h后,采用MTT法检测PASMC的增殖活力;流式细胞仪检测细胞周期分布和细胞凋亡率;Westernblot检测细胞中胱天蛋白酶-3(caspase-3)蛋白的表达。结果 PNS干预可抑制PASMC增殖,阻遏bFGF诱导的PASMC进入S期,提高滞留在G0/G1期细胞的比例,并使PASMC凋亡率和caspase-3蛋白表达上调,PASMC凋亡率达(18.70%±0.33%)～(28.40%±0.79%),是bFGF诱导组的10～14倍。结论 PNS能显著抑制bFGF诱导的PASMC增殖,促进其凋亡,其机制可能与其调控细胞周期转换、激活caspase-3蛋白的表达有关。