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聚合物刷子的合成及应用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
概述了聚合物刷子的最新进展情况,并着重介绍了固定于固体基体表面的线型聚合物刷子。讨论了聚合物刷子的结构特征;聚合物刷子的合成途径,包括物理吸附法和将聚合物分子以化学键结合到基体表面上的方法,后者又可分为“接枝到表面”和“从表面接枝”两种技术.最后简略地介绍了聚合物刷子的特性及应用。 相似文献
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含有糖单元的聚合物因其在药学和生物技术等领域的潜在应用价值吸引了科研工作者的广泛关注.文中介绍了原子转移自由基聚合(ATRP),氮氧稳定自由基聚合(NMP),可逆加成断裂链转移聚合(RAFT)等"活性"/可控自由基聚合在制备含糖聚合物中的应用进展,重点介绍了上述三种聚合方法对含糖聚合物分子量和结构的控制. 相似文献
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《高分子材料科学与工程》2010,26(12)
聚合物微胶囊是一类新型高分子功能材料,在生命科学、医药科学、化学和材料科学等诸多领域具有广阔的应用前景。文中全面介绍了聚合物微胶囊的制备方法,包括模板、自组装、聚合相分离、界面缩聚以及超支化聚合物等方法,详细阐述了各种制备方法的特点,并对其优势和不足进行了比较,同时评述了聚合物微胶囊的应用前景。 相似文献
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以正丁基锂为引发荆,合成丁苯阴离子聚合物,通过对不同的反应温度、活性聚合物停留时阃、极性添加荆及单体浓度的试验.分析其中大分子的含量。结果表明,反应温度、活性聚合物停留时阃是形成大分子的主要因素。通过反应机理分析,大分子主要是由于活性聚合物热分解产生共轭双键的聚合物继续与未终止的活性物反应而成。 相似文献
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Roland Gröger Tobias Heiler Thomas Schimmel Stefan Walheim 《Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2023,19(29):2204962
Patterned, ultra-thin surface layers can serve as templates for positioning nanoparticlesor targeted self-assembly of molecular structures, for example, block-copolymers. This work investigates the high-resolution, atomic force microscopebased patterning of 2 nm thick vinyl-terminated polystyrene brush layers and evaluates the line broadening due to tip degradation. This work compares the patterning properties with those of a silane-based fluorinated self-assembled monolayer (SAM), using molecular heteropatterns generated by modified polymer blend lithography (brush/SAM-PBL). Stable line widths of 20 nm (FWHM) over lengths of over 20000 µm indicate greatly reduced tip wear, compared to expectations on uncoated SiOx surfaces. The polymer brush acts as a molecularly thin lubricating layer, thus enabling a 5000 fold increase in tip lifetime, and the brush is bonded weakly enough that it can be removed with surgical accuracy. On traditionally used SAMs, either the tip wear is very high or the molecules are not completely removed. Polymer Phase Amplified Brush Editing is presented, which uses directed self-assembly to amplify the aspect ratio of the molecular structures by a factor of 4. The structures thus amplified allow transfer into silicon/metal heterostructures, fabricating 30 nm deep, all-silicon diffraction gratings that could withstand focused high-power 405 nm laser irradiation. 相似文献
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Wenbo Sheng Ihsan Amin Christof Neumann Renhao Dong Tao Zhang Erik Wegener Wei‐Liang Chen Paul Frster Hai Quang Tran Markus Lffler Andreas Winter Raul D. Rodriguez Ehrenfried Zschech Christopher K. Ober Xinliang Feng Andrey Turchanin Rainer Jordan 《Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2019,15(19)
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Wenbo Sheng Ihsan Amin Christof Neumann Renhao Dong Tao Zhang Erik Wegener Wei‐Liang Chen Paul Frster Hai Quang Tran Markus Lffler Andreas Winter Raul D. Rodriguez Ehrenfried Zschech Christopher K. Ober Xinliang Feng Andrey Turchanin Rainer Jordan 《Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2019,15(19)
Direct covalent functionalization of large‐area single‐layer hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) with various polymer brushes under mild conditions is presented. The photopolymerization of vinyl monomers results in the formation of thick and homogeneous (micropatterned, gradient) polymer brushes covalently bound to hBN. The brush layer mechanically and chemically stabilizes the material and allows facile handling as well as long‐term use in water splitting hydrogen evolution reactions. 相似文献
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本文采用静电自组装技术在表面阳离子化的SiO2粒子(SiO2-CBAFS)上构筑了高分子刷,并采用核磁、红外、热失重、接触角和原子力显微镜分别表征了组装粉体的结构、组装量以及自组装单层膜的组装行为和表面拓扑形貌。研究结果表明,采用静电自组装技术可以成功地在SiO2-CBAFS上构筑组装量高达27%的高分子刷,远远高于国际上已见报道的采用共价键合法构筑的高分子刷的组装量(20%)。研究发现,组装量随聚合物(PS-NH—SO3Na)分子量呈非线性增长,其组装行为受到PS-NH—SO3Na的分子量和溶液浓度的影响。 相似文献
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目的以二氧化硅为核、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯为刷制备球形高分子刷,考察其作为包装纸防潮涂料主要成膜物质的性能。方法采用"从表面接枝"技术,通过引发剂引发单体聚合生成甲基丙烯酸甲酯球形刷,利用FTIR和TEM对球形高分子刷的结构及形态进行表征,并考察其作为涂料成膜物质的应用性能。结果合成的球形高分子刷具有良好的耐水性能,且在固含量达到40%以上时仍具有较低的粘度(64 m Pa?s)。结论该球形高分子刷具有高固低粘包装纸防潮涂料的应用价值。 相似文献
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Jacob T. Heggestad Cassio M. Fontes Daniel Y. Joh Angus M. Hucknall Ashutosh Chilkoti 《Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)》2020,32(2):1903285
“Nonfouling” polymer brush surfaces can greatly improve the performance of in vitro diagnostic (IVD) assays due to the reduction of nonspecific protein adsorption and consequent improvement of signal-to-noise ratios. The development of synthetic polymer brush architectures that suppress adventitious protein adsorption is reviewed, and their integration into surface plasmon resonance and fluorescent sandwich immunoassay formats is discussed. Also, highlighted is a novel, self-contained immunoassay platform (the D4 assay) that transforms time-consuming laboratory-based assays into a user-friendly and point-of-care format with a sensitivity and specificity comparable or better than standard enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) directly from unprocessed samples. These advancements clearly demonstrate the utility of nonfouling polymer brushes as a substrate for ultrasensitive and robust diagnostic assays that may be suitable for clinical testing, in field and laboratory settings. 相似文献