共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 140 毫秒
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量子点在生物学及生物医学中的应用是当今纳米技术领域中快速发展的研究方向。与传统的有机荧光染料相比,量子点发光的长程稳定性和同时探测多色信号的能力使其在生物成像和生物传感方面具有广泛的应用。概述了量子点的结构及合成方法,并介绍了量子点表面修饰的研究进展。 相似文献
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量子点的制备及其在生物医学中的应用进展 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
量子点作为一种优良的荧光半导体纳米粒子,已成为纳米技术领域最受关注的研究对象之一,并成功应用于生命科学等领域。随着小粒径的低毒无镉量子点的制备和量子点荧光共振能量转移等新技术的发展,量子点在生命科学领域将展示出更大的应用空间。本文介绍了量子点的基本概念和性质,探讨了近年来在有机溶剂和水溶液两种不同介质中制备量子点的方法,并分析比较了其优缺点;对量子点在生物医学领域(包括蛋白质和核酸研究、组分检测、荧光编码及细胞标记等)的应用进行了综述和展望,指出了目前存在的问题和今后的发展方向。 相似文献
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用于生物标记的半导体量子点研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
半导体量子点的独特光学性质使之成为理想的荧光探针材料,在生物医学领域具有广阔的应用前景.本文评述了目前量子点合成、表面修饰、结合生物分子的方法,以及半导体量子点在生物标记应用中相对于传统有机染料的优点. 相似文献
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硫量子点具有发光强度高、毒性低和光化学性能稳定等优势,广泛应用于细胞成像、光电转换和化学催化等领域。鉴于此,本文系统综述了硫量子点的合成方法,光学性能和应用背景。硫量子点的合成方法可分为“自下而上法”和“自上而下法”,对比发现“自上而下法”合成的硫量子点具有更高的荧光量子产率。分析了硫量子点的光学性质,表明其具有紫外吸收特性、荧光特性、光致发光、电化学发光以及光学稳定性。最后,系统介绍了硫量子点在荧光探针、生物成像以及发光器件等领域的重要应用。基于以上分析,深刻剖析了当下硫量子点在前沿应用中亟待解决的问题,展望了未来硫量子点在生物医学、光电催化等新行业、新领域的发展方向。 相似文献
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碳量子点作为一种新型零维碳基纳米材料,相较于传统半导体量子点,因其低毒性、良好的生物相容性、成本低廉等优点,在传感检测、生物成像等领域得到极大发展。近年来,碳量子点的合成方法不断发展,其中,采用生物质基作为碳源的绿色合成方法,将天然原料或垃圾废弃物转化为量子点,可以有效降低生产成本,实现废弃资源的高效转化,是未来实现绿色化工与可持续发展的趋势。本文主要介绍了生物质基碳量子点的合成方法以及在生物医学领域应用的最新进展,通过对传统碳量子点和生物质基碳量子点比较,对生物质基碳量子点的应用前景和发展方向进行了展望。 相似文献
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In light of the established differences between the quantum confinement effect and the electron affinities between hydrogen-passivated C and Si quantum dots, we carried out theoretical investigations on SiC quantum dots, with surfaces uniformly terminated by C-H or Si-H bonds, to explore the role of surface terminations on these two aspects. Surprisingly, it was found that the quantum confinement effect is present (or absent) in the highest occupied (or lowest unoccupied) molecular orbital of the SiC quantum dots regardless of their surface terminations. Thus, the quantum confinement effect related to the energy gap observed experimentally (Phys. Rev. Lett., 2005, 94, 026102) is contributed to by the size-dependence of the highest occupied states; the absence of quantum confinement in the lowest unoccupied states is in contrary to the usual belief based on hydrogen-passivated C quantum dots. However, the cause of the absence of the quantum confinement in C nanodots is not transferable to SiC. We propose a model that provides a clear explanation for all findings on the basis of the nearest-neighbor and next-nearest-neighbor interactions between the valence atomic p-orbital in the frontier occupied/unoccupied states. We also found that the electron affinities of the SiC quantum dots, which closely depend on the surface environments, are negative for the C-H termination and positive for the Si-H termination. The prediction of negative electron affinities in SiC quantum dots by simple C-H termination indicates a promising application for these materials in electron-emitter devices. Our model predicts that GeC quantum dots with hydrogen passivation exhibit similar features to SiC quantum dots and our study confirms the crucial role that the surface environment plays in these nanoscale systems. 相似文献
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Vilius Poderys Marija Matulionyte Algirdas Selskis Ricardas Rotomskis 《Nanoscale research letters》2011,6(1):9-6
Semiconductor nanoparticles (quantum dots) are promising fluorescent markers, but it is very little known about interaction
of quantum dots with biological molecules. In this study, interaction of CdTe quantum dots coated with thioglycolic acid (TGA)
with bovine serum albumin was investigated. Steady state spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, electron microscopy and dynamic
light scattering methods were used. It was explored how bovine serum albumin affects stability and spectral properties of
quantum dots in aqueous media. CdTe–TGA quantum dots in aqueous solution appeared to be not stable and precipitated. Interaction
with bovine serum albumin significantly enhanced stability and photoluminescence quantum yield of quantum dots and prevented
quantum dots from aggregating. 相似文献
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钙钛矿量子点具有发光谱带较窄、发光可调、量子效率高等优异的光学性能,在发光二极管、激光发射器等领域广受关注。但是钙钛矿量子点由于强离子性、高表面能及表面配体易迁移等特性而对环境高度敏感,使其在实际应用中受到限制。本文简要介绍了钙钛矿量子点结构和不稳定的原因,综述了近年来提高钙钛矿量子点稳定性的主要方法,重点从离子掺杂、表面钝化、表面包覆及多重保护4个方面展开论述。最后从绿色环保的角度出发,对高稳定生物质基钙钛矿量子点材料的制备进行了展望,提出使用具有特定结构的生物质材料及其衍生材料取代传统石油基试剂作为配体、溶剂或吸附重金属离子的外壳材料,可加速钙钛矿量子点朝着绿色低毒的方向发展。 相似文献
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石墨烯量子点(GQDs)作为石墨烯家族的最新一员,除了继承石墨烯的优异性能,还因量子限制效应和边界效应而显现出一系列新的特性,引起了化学、物理、材料和生物等各领域科研工作者的广泛关注。GQDs的制备方法通常分自上而下和自下而上的方法。对其各种制备方法和应用分别进行了介绍,并结合各种应用对GQDs的要求给出了制备方法的建议。指出了GQDs研究中存在的问题及发展方向。 相似文献
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D. S. Mazing A. A. Karmanov L. B. Matyushkin O. A. Aleksandrova I. A. Pronin V. A. Moshnikov 《Glass Physics and Chemistry》2016,42(5):497-504
A synthesis of 1-dodecanetiol stabilized colloidal quantum dots of CuInSe2 exhibiting photoluminescence in the range of 700–900 nm has been described. The effect of the shell on the energy levels of electrons in CuInSe2–ZnS and CuInSe2–ZnSe core–shell quantum dots has been investigated by quantum mechanical calculations. 相似文献
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Yulia A Gromova Anna O Orlova Vladimir G Maslov Anatoly V Fedorov Alexander V Baranov 《Nanoscale research letters》2013,8(1):452
Fluorescence resonance energy transfer in complexes of semiconductor CdSe/ZnS quantum dots with molecules of heterocyclic azo dyes, 1-(2-pyridylazo)-2-naphthol and 4-(2-pyridylazo) resorcinol, formed at high quantum dot concentration in the polymer pore track membranes were studied by steady-state and transient PL spectroscopy. The effect of interaction between the complexes and free quantum dots on the efficiency of the fluorescence energy transfer and quantum dot luminescence quenching was found and discussed. 相似文献