W波段宽带SIW背腔缝隙天线

W波段（75~110 GHz）的电磁波大气吸收率低、波长短、可用频带宽,在雷达、通信等领域应用广泛.文章设计了一种W波段基片集成波导（substrate integrated waveguide,SIW）背腔缝隙天线,-10 dB的阻抗带宽达到28.6%（78.93~105.24 GHz）,覆盖了W波段75%的频带范围.天线采用双层基片结构.上层为SIW谐振腔及四条辐射缝隙构成的谐振辐射单元,谐振腔内同时存在TM₁₃₀与TM₃₁₀混合模、TM₃₂₀模以及TM₃₃₀模三种高次模,和辐射缝隙一起形成多谐特性,实现带宽拓展;底层为通过耦合缝隙馈电的集成波导,易于扩展成平面网络,构建高增益背腔缝隙天线阵列.该天线频带宽、交叉极化低、剖面低、易于与平面微波电路集成、加工成本低,具有良好的应用前景.     

一种低剖面的宽带双极化超表面天线

提出了一种低剖面的宽带双极化超表面天线。天线由正交微带线馈电,通过方形驱动贴片激励上层超表面层。该超表面由4×4的方形贴片构成。当垂直/水平极化端口激励时,超表面天线工作在TM₁₀/TM₀₁和反向TM₂₀/TM₀₂模。为了拓展天线的带宽,在超表面上额外刻蚀了4条较宽的缝隙,并在驱动贴片两侧加载了2个寄生条带。此外,将微带线略偏移馈电边的中心,以提高天线的隔离度。天线剖面仅为0.065λ₀(λ₀为中心频率在真空中的波长)。加工和测试了天线样品,测试结果表明,天线的反射系数|S₁₁|<-10 dB带宽为43.8%(8.76～13.74 GHz),带内隔离度大于16.8 dB,增益在5.5～9.2 dBi范围,交叉极化为-14.4 dB。考虑加工误差后,仿真结果与测试值较为吻合。     

一种应用于机载通信的VHF/UHF低剖面小型化垂直极化天线

在机载通信领域，迫切需要一种具有垂直极化全向辐射模式的低剖面小型化天线，尤其是在甚高频(Very High Frequency,VHF)频段和特高频(Ultra High Frequency,UHF)频段的低频段.针对这一需求，本文提出了一种有着低剖面、电小尺寸的圆柱腔天线.通过在圆柱腔内部引入短路柱和导电柱分别激励起TM₀₁和TM₀₂模，能够获得良好的垂直极化全向辐射模式.引入锥形套筒在改善输入阻抗的同时，有效降低TM₀₁和TM₀₂模的谐振频率，使两个模式的谐振频率工作在目标频段.另外，设计了4个状态的宽带匹配网络来进一步改善天线的阻抗匹配.本文提出的圆柱腔天线尺寸为π×(0.11λ_max)²×0.045λ_max(λ_max是最低频率处的自由空间波长).仿真和实测结果之间有着良好的一致性.实测结果表明，本文提出的圆柱腔天线在低频段和高频段分别获得了47.3%(105～170 MHz)和52.3%(207～355 ...     

基于圆波导缝隙的双极化水平全向阵列天线设计

设计了一种具有水平全向辐射特性的双线极化圆波导缝隙阵列天线。利用双模式转换器馈电，以提供天线所需的TM₀₁及TE₀₁模式，并抑制波导内其余高次模和基模的传输；通过沿圆波导周向交错排列的矩形横缝及纵缝，分别实现垂直和水平极化；其中将横向矩形缝隙设计为平行双环结构来增加带内谐振点，进而拓展天线的工作带宽；此外，将两种缝隙沿波导轴向进行组阵，并在天线阵列末端设计了匹配结构用以减小TM₀₁模式所带来的能量反射。仿真结果表明：该天线两种极化方式电压驻波比小于2的驻波带宽为2.75 GHz～2.95 GHz,并且整个工作频段内，两种极化方式下的增益均超过7.5 dB,水平面内不圆度小于1.8 dB,可适用于气象雷达领域。     

一种频率选择性高零点可控的宽带滤波贴片天线

文中提出一种频率选择性高、增益稳定、小型化的宽带滤波贴片天线。通过在贴片天线的地板加载U型槽,TM₀₁模式在带内激发,同时,一个辐射零点在高频通带附近产生。为了引入额外的谐振点和辐射零点以增加带宽和实现较高的频率选择性,一对直槽蚀刻在贴片上。最后,为了进一步增强带外抑制水平,U型微带线被加载到贴片天线上。该天线在18.5%(1.91～2.31 GHz)的相对带宽内实现了稳定的增益(6.4±0.6)dBi,实现了频率选择性高的特点,并且带外抑制水平高于14.5 dB。除了带内的宽带特性和带外的高频率选择性,该天线的尺寸为0.54λ₀×0.54λ₀×0.04λ₀。     

短路针加载三角形微带贴片天线的研究

短路针加载微带贴片天线具有较低的谐振频率,特别适用于低频便携式通信设备(如手机)中.与短路针加载矩形和圆形贴片天线相比,短路针加载三角形贴片天线具有更低的谐振频率.本文基于腔模理论,利用未加载三角形贴片天线的静态模,提出了短路针加载三角形贴片天线的理论分析方法,给出了天线谐振频率、输入阻抗及反射损耗的计算公式.数值计算与实测结果相吻合,表明这种分析方法是有效的.     

一种适用于波束扫描的宽带低剖面介质谐振器天线

近年来,为解决传统介质谐振器天线（dielectric resonator antenna, DRA）体积庞大等问题,新颖的低剖面DRA如介质贴片天线和平面介质天线被提出并迅速成为研究热点.然而,现有的低剖面DRA设计要么平面尺寸较大（>0.5λ0×0.5λ0）,要么带宽较窄（<10%）,限制了它们的实际应用.文中提出了一种具有小型化平面尺寸的宽带低剖面DRA.本天线采用介质贴片设计,顶部为高介电常数的介质贴片,中间为低介电常数的介质基板,底部为缝隙馈电结构.缝隙馈电结构可激励起介质贴片谐振器的基模TE111和高次模TE131两种工作模式,这两种模式的场分布在贴片边缘部分存在基模场强较弱而高次模场强较强的显著区别.本设计巧妙地利用了该区域的模式场强区别,通过略微增加贴片边缘部分高度来显著影响高次模谐振频率而轻微影响基模谐振频率,从而将高次模TE131的谐振频率迅速下拉并与基模TE111的谐振频率靠近合并,在不增大介质贴片平面尺寸的前提条件下获得宽带工作效果.本天线的三维尺寸为0.35λ0×0.35λ0×0.08λ0 (λ0为中心频率处的空气中波长),线极化实物案例测试结果表...     

并矢格林函数法分析任意方向短路针加载微带贴片天线

短路针加载微带贴片天线在低频应用时仍能保持体积小的特点,具有广泛的应用前景.推导了矩形微带贴片天线中贴片与接地板之间腔体中的并矢格林函数,并将并矢格林函数用于任意方向短路针加载微带贴片天线的分析中,给出了任意方向短路针加载微带贴片天线谐振频率的计算公式.该公式具有一般意义,对于垂直方向短路针加载微带贴片天线所得谐振频率计算公式与文献[1]所给结果完全一致.     

一种小型化缝隙圆极化印刷天线

设计了一种小型化的方形缝隙圆极化（CP）平面印刷天线,该天线采用在方形缝隙的四个边上均加载尺寸相同的矩形缝隙,使其具有更低的谐振频率;在方形缝隙的任一个加载缝隙里插入与外围地相连的细金属带条以产生微扰,激励出一对相位差90°的差分正交简并模,从而辐射圆极化波。对天线模型进行了优化设计和实物加工,测试结果表明,缝隙加载后天线谐振频率降低了约10%,验证了该小型化措施的有效性;另外该天线在3%的带宽内轴比<3 dB,具有良好的圆极化特性。     

1×2宽带微带贴片天线

在无线通信系统中,微带贴片天线得到了广泛的应用,但其面临着工作带宽窄的缺陷。基于1×2的微带贴片,通过背馈的方式同时激励可辐射的工作模式TM10模以及反向TM20模,实现拓展工作带宽的效果。所提出的天线与传统的微带贴片天线相比,具有宽频带的优势;与已报道的微带天线宽频带设计技术相比,具有低剖面的效果。为验证理论预期的可实现性,设计了中心频率在6.5 GHz的天线案例。仿真结果表明,该天线的剖面高度为0.6λ0,10-d B匹配带宽为20%,增益为7.4 d Bi,交叉极化小于-25 d B。     

Wideband small patch antenna

A small patch antenna fed by a coaxial probe with a wideband characteristic is presented. By employing dual shorting pins and cutting a slot in the patch, the size of the patch antenna is reduced while its impedance bandwidth is enhanced. The resonant frequency can be reduced by /spl sim/75% when compared with the resonance edge of a conventional patch antenna. The antenna has an impedance bandwidth of 21.5% (SWR<=2) and maximum gain of 2.2 dBi.     

Microstrip antenna on a conical surface

A theoretical analysis of microstrip antennas on conical conducting surfaces is presented. The resonant frequency, input impedance, radiation pattern, quality factor, and efficiency are obtained for a general geometry. Numerical results for a patch antenna with a cone angle &thetas;₀=33.88° operating in the fundamental TM₀₁ mode are shown     

Broadband rectangular microstrip antenna with pair oftoothbrush-shaped slots

A novel broadband design of a probe-fed rectangular microstrip antenna with a pair of toothbrush-shaped slots embedded close to the nonradiating edges of the patch is presented. The proposed broadband design is achieved by the excitation of two adjacent resonant frequencies of the TM₁₀ and TM_δ0 modes (1<δ<2), to obtain a wide operating bandwidth. An antenna bandwidth as large as ~2.6 times that of a conventional rectangular microstrip antenna has also been obtained. Derails of the proposed design and experimental results are presented     

Input impedance of annular-ring microstrip antennas with adielectric cover

A theoretical and numerical analysis of the annular-ring microstrip antenna with a dielectric cover is performed. The problem is formulated in the Hankel transform domain, taking a coaxial feed into consideration. The integral equations for the surface current density on the patch are derived. Galerkin's method is used to solve for the surface current density, and a stationary formula for the input impedance is obtained. Numerical results showing the effects of a dielectric cover on the TM₁₂ mode of the annular ring are given. It is found that the dielectric cover reduces the resonant frequency, decreases the resonant resistance, and increases the impedance bandwidth     

A wider band microstrip antenna for circular polarization

Circular polarization is achieved by separating two degenerate orthogonal modes in an annular ring patch antenna, by using an ear at the outer periphery. The analysis of such a structure is performed by using the generalized transmission line model. It is found theoretically that this structure can be used to generate circular polarization over a wider frequency range than other structures. An annular ring is designed and its performance is evaluated. Good agreement between the theory and the experiment is obtained. It is also found that the axial ratio bandwidth is higher for the TM₁₂ mode than the TM₃₂ mode of operation in an annular ring antenna     

Patch antenna equivalent to simple monopole

Properties of a circular patch antenna with radiation characteristics similar to those of a resonant monopole are presented. The TM₀₁ mode excited patch on a small ground plane radiates a null on boresight and is easy to match to a 50 Ω line. Applications include mobile vehicle applications and wireless LANs     

Analysis of the cylindrical-rectangular patch antenna

An analysis is presented of a thin cylindrical-rectangular microstrip patch antenna. After obtaining the electric field under the curved patch and the resonant frequencies using the cavity model, the far-field is found by considering the equivalent magnetic current radiating in the presence of a cylindrical surface. The input impedance and the total Q-factor are then calculated. Numerical and graphical results are presented to illustrate the effect of curvature on the characteristics of the TM₁₀ and TM₀₁ modes     

Wideband circular patch antenna operated at TM01 mode

The characteristics of a circular patch microstrip antenna with a top-loaded monopole feed are investigated. Air is used as the dielectric substrate. The distance between the radiating patch and ground plane is ~0.15λ₀. The patch is excited in the TM₀₁ mode. An impedance bandwidth (SWR<2) of 50% and an average gain of 5dBi are obtained