CFRP板加固RC&PPC梁抗剪性能试验研究

通过10片普通钢筋混凝土(RC)梁及4片部分预应力混凝土(PPC)梁采用CFRP板抗剪加固的试验研究和非线性有限元分析,研究不同损伤程度、剪跨比、配箍率及预应力水平等因素对CFRP板加固RC&PPC梁抗剪性能的影响。结果表明：采用CFRP板对RC&PPC梁进行抗剪加固能够有效抑制斜裂缝的开展,提高加固梁斜截面抗剪承载能力,并改善梁的延性;RC梁损伤后加固,随着配箍率的增大以及剪跨比的减小,将提高加固RC梁的斜向开裂荷载、箍筋屈服荷载以及抗剪极限承载能力;随着预应力水平的提高,PPC加固梁的极限承载力增大,CFRP板抗剪加固效果比较显著;非线性有限元模型能够预测CFRP加固RC/PPC梁的抗剪性能,有限元计算结果与试验结果吻合良好;在进行CFRP板抗剪加固设计时,应对CFRP板的强度进行有效折减。     

型钢高强高性能混凝土梁抗剪承载力试验研究

基于10榀型钢高强高性能混凝土简支梁的抗剪试验,揭示了影响梁抗剪性能的主要因素,得出了剪跨比、混凝土强度、含钢率、配箍率、翼缘宽度比(型钢翼缘宽度和梁截面宽度的比值)和加载方式对梁抗剪承载力的影响规律.依据现有型钢混凝土梁抗剪承载力计算方法,采用梁构件桁架.拱模型,分析了型钢高强高性能混凝土梁的受剪机理,认为其斜截面抗...     

高延性混凝土加固钢筋混凝土柱抗剪承载力计算

设计了8个RC柱,采用高延性混凝土（HDC）和灌浆料进行加固,通过低周反复荷载试验,主要研究其破坏形态、加固层作用机理及抗剪承载力计算方法。试验结果表明：HDC加固层可对核心区混凝土形成良好的约束作用,破坏形态由脆性破坏向延性破坏转变,试件承载力和变形能力都得到显著提高;对HDC加固柱的加固层作用机理进行了分析;基于桁架-拱模型对试件受力进行了分析,推导出加固柱的抗剪承载力计算方法,计算结果与试验值吻合较好。     

高延性混凝土加固钢筋混凝土梁受剪性能试验研究及承载力计算

为研究高延性混凝土(HDC)加固钢筋混凝土梁的受剪性能,该文对7根HDC加固梁及4根未加固梁进行静力试验,研究剪跨比、配箍率、加固层厚度和加固层附加箍筋对钢筋混凝土梁破坏形态、荷载-挠度曲线、受剪承载力以及裂缝的影响。结果表明:采用HDC面层对钢筋混凝土梁进行受剪加固,可以显著提高梁的受剪承载力;HDC面层可以代替部分箍筋的受剪作用,改善钢筋混凝土梁的剪切破坏形态;加固试件在达到极限位移之后,试件的完整性较好,剩余承载力较高。基于试验结果,利用桁架-拱模型,提出了HDC加固钢筋混凝土梁的受剪承载力计算公式,计算值与试验值吻合较好。     

锚贴钢板加固RC锈蚀梁承载力计算方法与试验研究

基于桁架理论模型,定量考虑锈蚀钢筋力学性能、加固钢板厚度、粘胶层粘结强度、保护层厚度对承载力的影响,建立了RC梁锈蚀锚贴加固后极限承载力的计算公式。通过对9片锚贴钢板加固锈蚀梁、3片锈蚀梁以及3片不锈蚀加固梁的试验研究,验证了理论模型的正确性。试验研究和公式计算表明在锈蚀率接近和保护层厚度相同的情况下,钢板厚度每提高1mm,承载力大小提高15kN~20kN,在锈蚀率大小不同的情况下,锈蚀率增加2%~3%,承载力降低大约10kN。     

剪切型钢筋混凝土柱抗剪承载力计算的概率模型

现有的钢筋混凝土（RC）柱抗剪承载力计算模型大多属于确定性模型,难以有效考虑几何尺寸、材料特性和外荷载等因素存在的不确定性,导致计算结果的离散性较大,且计算精度和适用性有限。鉴于此,该文结合变角桁架-拱模型和贝叶斯理论,研究建立了剪切型RC柱抗剪承载力计算的概率模型。首先基于变角桁架-拱模型理论,并考虑轴压力对临界斜裂缝倾角的影响,建立了剪切型RC柱抗剪承载力的确定性修正模型;然后考虑主观不确定性和客观不确定性因素的影响,结合贝叶斯理论和马尔科夫链蒙特卡洛（MCMC）法,建立了剪切型RC柱的概率抗剪承载力计算模型;最后通过与试验数据和现有模型的对比分析,验证了该模型的有效性和实用性。分析结果表明,该模型不仅可以合理描述剪切型RC柱抗剪承载力的概率分布特性,而且可以校准现有确定性计算模型的置信水平,并且可以确定不同置信水平下剪切型RC柱抗剪承载力的特征值。     

型钢混凝土空腹叠合梁受剪承载力试验研究

为更加深入研究型钢混凝土叠合梁的受剪机理,提出更为优化的截面形式,该文完成了10个足尺型钢混凝土叠合梁在单调集中荷载作用下的静力试验研究。通过考察剪跨比、截面形式（空腹和实腹）等参数对受剪性能的影响,着重研究了足尺型钢混凝土空腹叠合梁的受剪性能。结合试验结果对各试件的裂缝形态、破坏特征、承载能力、变形等性能进行了分析研究。采用桁架-拱模型并基于变形协调条件将桁架、拱和型钢三者对受剪承载力的作用相结合,建立了适用于型钢混凝土叠合梁的受剪承载力计算方法。结果表明：型钢混凝土空腹叠合梁与实腹叠合梁具有相似的受剪性能和破坏形态,承载力随剪跨比的增大而减小,试件整体性良好;采用JGJ 2016和YB 9082-2006计算的受剪承载力离散型偏大,该文建立的修正桁架-拱模型计算值与试验结果吻合较好。     

基于桁架-拱模型理论对碳纤维布加固混凝土柱受剪承载力的分析

根据文献[1]碳纤维布加固混凝土柱受剪性能的试验研究,结果表明碳纤维布的受力机理与箍筋类似。由于碳纤维布无屈服现象,故达到最大荷载时碳纤维布的应力是确定加固后柱受剪承载力的关键参数。本文基于桁架-拱模型理论对碳纤维布的受力进行了分析,推导出碳纤维布应力的计算公式,计算结果与试验结果吻合较好。     

矩形截面框架柱斜向受剪承载力计算模型

为避免矩形截面框架柱在斜向水平地震作用下发生脆性破坏,通过试验研究14根框架柱在斜向水平荷载作用下的受力性能和破坏机理。以桁架-拱模型为基础建立计算矩形截面框架柱斜向受剪承载力的空间桁架-拱模型,该模型主要考虑了框架柱截面面积、混凝土和箍筋材料强度、配箍率、轴压力以及混凝土强度折减系数对其斜向受剪承载力的影响。最后,利用该文以及其他试验共计30根矩形截面框架柱的斜向受剪承载力试验结果对此空间桁架-拱模型的可行性和适用性进行了验证,试验结果与计算值的对比表明利用该模型可以安全计算矩形截面框架柱斜向受剪承载力。     

预制装配型钢混凝土梁受剪承载力试验与计算方法研究

为了深入研究预制装配型钢混凝土梁的受剪机理并提出可准确预测其受剪承载力的计算公式,该文完成了2个足尺预制装配型钢混凝土梁试件的静力剪切性能试验。通过分析试件的破坏过程、荷载-位移曲线和应变发展规律,对不同剪跨比下试件的破坏形态和承载能力进行了研究。基于变形协调桁架-拱模型和Nakamura模型建立了该种预制装配型钢混凝土梁及普通现浇型钢混凝土梁共同适用的受剪承载力计算模型。通过与75个发生剪切破坏的型钢混凝土梁试验结果对比可得：该文提出的计算方法可较好反映型钢混凝土梁的剪切破坏机理,试验值与计算值吻合良好;规范AISC 360-2010和JGJ 138-2016建议的受剪承载力计算公式较为保守。     

Improving shear capacity of existing RC T-section beams using CFRP composites

This paper presents the shear performance of reinforced concrete (RC) beams with T-section. Different configurations of externally bonded carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) sheets were used to strengthen the specimens in shear. The experimental program consisted of six full-scale, simply supported beams. One beam was used as a bench mark and five beams were strengthened using different configurations of CFRP. The parameters investigated in this study included wrapping schemes, CFRP amount, 90°/0° ply combination, and CFRP end anchorage. The experimental results show that externally bonded CFRP can increase the shear capacity of the beam significantly. In addition, the results indicated that the most effective configuration was the U-wrap with end anchorage. Design algorithms in ACI code format as well as Eurocode format are proposed to predict the capacity of referred members. Results showed that the proposed design approach is conservative and acceptable.     

Improving shear capacity of RC T-beams using CFRP composites subjected to cyclic load

Various methods are developed for strengthening reinforced concrete beams against shear. Nowadays, external bonding of various composite members to RC beams was very popular and successfully technique internationally. This study present test results on strengthening of shear deficient RC beams by external bonding of carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) straps. Six RC beams with a T section were tested under cyclic loading in the experimental program. Width of the CFRP straps, arrangements of straps along the shear span, and anchorage technique that were applied at the ends of straps was the main parameters that were investigated during experimental study. Inclined CFRP straps were bonded along the shear spans of shear deficient beams for strengthening against shear by using epoxy. Arrangements and width of the inclined CFRP straps were the main parameters that were changed among the specimens. The test results confirmed that all CFRP arrangements improved the strength and stiffness of the specimens significantly. The failure mode, and ductility of specimens were proved to differ according to the CFRP strap width and arrangement along the beam. Experimental results were compared with the analytical approaches that were suggested by ACI-440 Committee report.     

Improved model for plate-end shear of CFRP strengthened RC beams

In case of RC members strengthened by means of externally bonded reinforcement, a premature failure can be detected in addition to the conventional modes of failure observed in RC unstrengthened beams. The premature failure occurs mainly due to both shear and normal stresses induced in either the external reinforcement–concrete interface or at the level of steel reinforcement. This research is part of a complete programme aiming to set up design formulae to predict the strength of CFRP strengthened beams, particularly when premature failure through laminates-end shear or concrete cover delamination occurs. Series of RC beams were strengthened with carbon-fiber-reinforced plastic (CFRP) laminates and tested to estimate the extent of the applicability of the formulae proposed by the authors, as well as to study the influence of the layout of the external reinforcement in terms of unsheeted length (the distance between CFRP laminates-end and the nearer support) and cross-sectional area, on the behaviour of strengthened beams. The predictions using the proposed formulae are compared with the obtained experimental results, as well as with the calculated design limit states. The interfacial shear stress and the maximum deflection corresponding to the predicted values at maximum and service loads are also studied.     

Hysteretic behavior of RC shear walls strengthened with CFRP strips

The purpose of this study was to investigate the hysteretic behavior of shear deficient reinforced concrete (RC) walls that were strengthened with carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) strips. Totally, ½ scale five specimens with 1.5 aspect ratio walls were constructed. One of them was tested without any retrofitting as a reference specimen and four of them were retrofitted specimens with CFRP strips. All of the specimens were tested under cyclic lateral loading. CFRP strips with different configurations were tested like X-shaped, horizontal and parallel strips or combinations of them. All of the CFRP configurations were symmetrically bonded to both sides of the shear wall and were anchoraged to the wall. The research focuses on the effect of using CFRP strips for enhancing strength and increasing ductility of the non-seismic detailed shear walls. Test results shows that all of the CFRP strip configurations significantly improves the lateral strength, energy dissipation and deformation capacity of the shear deficient RC walls. The specimen that was strengthened with X-shaped CFRP strips was failed with premature shear failure. The specimen that was strengthened with horizontal strips was showed flexural hysteretic behavior and plastic hinge was developed at the wall base. CFRP strips were controlled shear crack propagation and resulted in improvement of displacement capacity.     

Fatigue behaviour of CFRP L-shaped plates for shear strengthening of RC T-beams

Prefabricated carbon fibre reinforced plastic (CFRP) L-shaped plates can be used to shear strengthen reinforced concrete (RC) T-beams. Previous investigations by EMPA have shown the suitability of the CFRP L-shaped plates for static shear strengthening.In this paper, a large-scale fatigue test is presented which demonstrated the suitability of the CFRP L-shaped plates for shear strengthening of RC T-beams for fatigue reasons. The test beam was subjected to 5 million load cycles at a high load level and a subsequent failure test. Its behaviour is compared with that of a similar, statically tested beam. A fatigue design proposal is presented for users of the CFRP L-shaped plates.     

Coupled flexural–shear retrofitting of RC beams using CFRP straps

This paper reports on an experimental investigation carried out to investigate the coupling of shear–flexural strengthening of RC beams. The presence of shear straps to enhance shear strength has the dual benefit of delaying debonding of CFRP sheets used for flexural strengthening. Six RC beams were tested; having various combinations of CFRP sheets and straps in addition to an unstrengthened beam as control test. The instrumentations used in these tests cover the strain measurements in different CFRP layers and located along the span, in addition to the slip occurring between the concrete and the CFRP sheets. Test results and observations showed that a significant improvement in the beam strength is gained due to the coupling of CFRP straps and sheets. Further, a more ductile behaviour is obtained as the debonding failure is prevented.     

Fatigue behavior of RC T-beams strengthened in shear with EB CFRP L-shaped laminates

The use of externally bonded carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (EB-CFRP) to strengthen deficient reinforced concrete (RC) beams has gained in popularity and has become a viable and cost-effective method. Fatigue behavior of RC beams strengthened with FRP is a complex issue due to the multiple variables that affect it (applied load range, frequency, number of cycles). Very few research studies have been conducted in shear under cyclic loading. The use of prefabricated CFRP L-shaped laminates (plates) for strengthening RC beams under static loading has proven to be technically feasible and very efficient. This study aimed to examine the fatigue performance of RC T-beams strengthened in shear for increased service load using prefabricated CFRP L-shaped laminates. The investigation involved six laboratory tests performed on full-size 4520 mm-long T-beams. The specimens were subjected to fatigue loading up to six million load cycles at a rate of 3 Hz. Two categories of specimens (unstrengthened and strengthened) and three different transverse-steel reinforcement ratios (Series S0, S1, and S3) were considered. Test results were compared with the upper fatigue limits specified by codes and standards. The specimens that did not fail in fatigue were then subjected to static loading up to failure. The test results confirmed the feasibility of using CFRP L-shaped laminates to extend the service life of RC T-beams subjected to fatigue loading. The overall response was characterized by an accelerated rate of damage accumulation during the early cycles, followed by a stable phase in which the rate slowed significantly. In addition, the strains in the stirrups decreased after the specimens were strengthened with CFRP, despite the higher applied fatigue loading. Moreover, the addition of L-shaped laminates enhanced the shear capacity of the specimens and changed the failure mode from brittle to ductile under static loading. Finally, the presence of transverse steel in strengthened beams resulted in a substantially reduced gain in shear resistance due to CFRP, confirming the existence of an interaction between the transverse steel and the CFRP.     

橡胶粉改性水泥沥青砂浆的研究

采用橡胶粉改性水泥沥青(CA)砂浆,并对其力学性能进行了重点测试。结果表明,随着橡胶粉替加入量的增加,CA砂浆早期强度呈减小趋势,但28天强度则相反;抗压强度均随温度的升高而减小,且随加载速率的增大而增大;橡胶粉越多,CA砂浆对温度的敏感性降低,且加载速率对其抗压强度的影响减小。     

Behavior and performance of RC T-section deep beams externally strengthened in shear with CFRP sheets

A series of experimental tests were carried out to investigate the behavior and performance of reinforced concrete (RC) T-section deep beams strengthened in shear with CFRP sheets. Key variables evaluated in this study were strengthening length, fiber direction combination of CFRP sheets, and an anchorage using U-wrapped CFRP sheets. A total of 14 RC T-section deep beams were designed to be deficient in shear with a shear span-to-effective depth ratio (a/d) of 1.22. Crack patterns and behavior of the tested deep beams were observed during four-point loading tests. Except the CS-FL-HP specimen, almost all strengthened deep beams showed a shear–compression failure due to partial delamination of the CFRP sheets. From the load–displacement (p–u) curves, the effects of key variables on the shear performance of the strengthened deep beams were addressed. It was concluded from the test results that the key variables of strengthening length, fiber direction combination, and anchorage have significant influence on the shear performance of strengthened deep beams. In addition, a series of comparative studies between the present experimental data and theoretical results in accordance with the commonly applied design codes were made to evaluate the shear strength of a control beam and deep beams strengthened with CFRP sheets.