连续波THz-CT 的折射问题研究

设计了基于返波振荡器的连续波太赫兹CT 成像实验装置,实现了用连续太赫兹波对三维物体的CT 断层成像.虽然可以得到较好的重建图像,但由于折射率大于1.5 的材料对太赫兹射线折射较强而影响成像质量.首先通过对聚四氟乙烯模型进行扫描获得投影数据,并利用滤波反投影算法对投影数据进行重建得到断层图像,然后分析了高折射对投影探测及图像重建的影响.最后对人体牙齿样本进行投影扫描和断层重建,获得的断面图像可以反映牙齿内部结构,但由于牙齿高折射率的影响,成像精度和分辨率有待进一步提高.而且牙釉质的厚度会严重影响太赫兹波在牙齿中的透射深度.研究结果可以为提高连续波太赫兹CT 成像质量提供参考,促进其在医学成像特别是牙齿等骨骼成像中的应用.     

太赫兹无损检测在文物保护领域的研究进展

为更好地设计基于不同材料、不同制作工艺文物的最佳保护方案,文物保护科技人员首先需要选用最有效的无损检测方法对文物进行全面检测。太赫兹波具有光子能量低、对非金属和非极性物质有较强穿透性、可同时获得脉冲电场振幅和相位信息、较好的抗干扰能力等独特性质,使其在诸多无损检测方法中脱颖而出。本文系统综述了太赫兹技术在文物无损检测应用中的最新研究进展;阐述了不同类型文物材料的太赫兹光谱特征、太赫兹成像检测技术原理和特点;指出了太赫兹无损检测技术对不同类型文物进行无损检测的技术关键点,列举了太赫兹技术在文物科学领域最成功和最具代表性的应用实例。最后展望了太赫兹无损检测技术在文物保护领域的发展趋势。     

光学相干层析用于检测早期人工龋齿

早期龋齿是由牙齿内部脱矿造成的,脱矿区导致后向散射系数增加。提出一种通过光学相干层析(OCT)检测早期龋齿的方法,通过研制的全光纤OCT系统对人离体牙齿进行成像,获得了正常人离体牙齿的二维断层图像,并采用酸蚀法对人正常离体牙齿分别进行了12,24,48,72,96和120 h人工体外龋齿建模,使用全光纤OCT系统对人工龋齿脱矿程度进行定量测量,测量结果满足人工致龋深度与人工致龋时间之间的线性关系,验证了通过采用OCT方法定量测量牙齿脱矿程度来检测早期龋齿的可行性。     

太赫兹超分辨率成像评述I:非实时成像

作为太赫兹波最重要的应用之一,太赫兹成像技术在生物医疗、安防安检、无损检测和质量监控等方面都具有非常重要的应用前景。由于受衍射极限的限制,传统太赫兹成像技术的分辨率只能达到工作波长级别,还无法满足很多应用的需求。本文对几种非实时的太赫兹超分辨率成像手段进行了介绍,包括近场扫描显微成像、基于空间调制器的单探测器成像、基于时间反转的成像和基于空间频谱采样的成像,并对每一种成像手段的原理、发展过程及其优缺点进行了综述和讨论,最后对非实时太赫兹超分辨率成像的发展进行了展望。     

太赫兹时域光谱技术检测复合材料与金属的脱粘缺陷

基于太赫兹时域光谱技术,提出应用太赫兹脉冲成像技术检测胶接结构中的脱粘缺陷,研究泡沫材料PMI与钢板胶接结构脱粘缺陷的检测。实验采用反射模式,分别对粘合部分与脱粘部分进行数据测试,对比分析发现数据在时域和频域范围均有明显区别。对待测样品进行二维扫描,应用太赫兹时域信号的时间位置幅值、最大值、延迟时间和频域信号不同频点的幅值、所有频点幅值叠加值对待测样品进行成像。研究结果表明基于太赫兹时域光谱技术的太赫兹脉冲成像技术能够检测出泡沫材料PMI与钢板胶接结构的脱粘缺陷;应用太赫兹时域信号的时间位置幅值、最大值、延迟时间和频域信号不同频点的幅值、所有频点幅值叠加值进行成像的结果,均可以分辨出样品的脱粘缺陷;不同的数据信息的成像效果不同。     

模拟沙尘暴条件下的太赫兹辐射传输研究

使用太赫兹时域光谱技术研究了太赫兹脉冲对模拟沙尘的透射特性,得到不同沙尘条件下信号的透射光谱.同时还进行了沙尘条件下传送成像信号实验,得到比较清晰的像.结果表明太赫兹脉冲能够在沙尘条件下传输太赫兹图像.     

150 μW小型化超短脉冲太赫兹辐射源

超短脉冲太赫兹(THz)辐射源在太赫兹波技术领域一直占有重要地位.随着太赫兹波技术在物理、化学、生物医学、成像、传感以及毒品检测等众多科研和技术领域应用的深入,对高效、高功率、小型化超短脉冲太赫兹辐射源的研究已逐步成为研究热点.     

脉冲太赫兹波成像与连续波太赫兹成像特性的比较

对脉冲太赫兹(THz)波成像和连续波太赫兹成像进行了对比研究.在两个系统下分别进行实验,对两个成像系统的成像机理、系统分辨率、系统噪声、成像速度、信息量、价格、复杂性、便携性及其应用进行多方面的比较.研究结果表明,脉冲系统可以获取更多信息,连续波系统简单便捷,两者在应用上具有各自的特点,同时又有很好的互补性.另外,就脉冲太赫兹波成像的多波长特点,探讨了太赫兹波多光谱成像识别方法.     

纤维增强复合材料太赫兹成像无损检测

利用太赫兹时域光谱成像技术检测了内含缺陷的玻璃纤维与碳纤维增强复合材料,获得了材料内部缺陷的太赫兹透射图像,从而实现对复合材料样本的无损检测。实验结果表明,太赫兹透射成像技术可检测出多层玻璃纤维复合材料的层间缺陷。但该技术对于碳纤维复合材料中缺陷的检测能力有限,主要是因为碳纤维具有导电特性,导致太赫兹信号对其穿透能力有限。通过对成像模式的调节,太赫兹无损检测技术可对碳纤维材料内部深度约为0.2 mm、宽度为10 mm的缺陷进行成像检测。这为发展准确、灵敏、高效的纤维增强复合材料太赫兹无损检测技术提供了基础实验数据。     

连续太赫兹成像系统对多层蜂窝样件无损检测的实验研究

太赫兹无损检测作为一种新型技术,已经成为X射 线和超声无损检测技术的有力补充。太赫兹连续波成像技术可以进行实时成像,其扫描速度 和成像质量都能满足太赫兹无损检测的要求。本文利用连续太赫兹成像系统对多层蜂窝样件 进行了检测,得到了样件不同纵深处的二维太赫兹图像。测试结果表明该系统能测试样件内 部每一层中夹杂异物的位置、分布情况及轮廓,并能对异物的基本属性做出判断。本研究为 太赫兹连续成像系统用于航空、航天、电子等样件的无损检测提供了有借鉴意义的案例。     

Diagnosis of Dental Caries Using Terahertz Technology

Recently, the diagnoses of dental caries and other dental issues are in a queue as only X-ray-based techniques are available in most hospitals around the world. Terahertz (THz) parametric imaging (TPI) is the latest technology that can be applied for medical applications, especially dental caries. This technology is harmless and thus suitable for biological samples owing to the low energy of THz emission. In this paper, a developed TPI system is used to investigate the two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) images of different samples from human teeth. After analyzing the measured images of human teeth, the results suggest that the THz parametric technology is capable of investigating the inner side structure of the teeth. This technique can be useful in detecting the defects in all types of human and animal teeth. The measurement and analytical calculations have been performed by using the TPI system and MATLAB, respectively, and both are in good agreement. The characteristics of THz waves and their interactions with the tooth samples are summarized. And the available THz-based technologies, such as TPI, and their potential applications of diagnoses are also presented.     

Diagnosis of dental problem by using terahertz technology

Recently the diagnoses of dental caries and other dental issues are in a queue as only X-ray-based techniques are available in most hospitals around the world. Terahertz (THz) parametric imaging (TPI) is the latest technology that can be applied for medical applications, especially dental caries. This technology is harmless and thus suitable for biological samples owing to the low energy of THz emission. In this paper, a developed TPI system is used to investigate the two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) images of different samples from human teeth. After analyzing the measured images of the human tooth, the results suggest that the novel THz parametric technology is capable of investigating the inner side structure of the teeth. The technique can be useful in detecting the defects in all types of human and animal teeth. The measurement and analytical calculations have been performed by using the TPI system and MATLAB, respectively, and both are in good agreement. The characteristics of THz waves and their interactions with the tooth samples are summarized. And the available THz-based technologies, such as TPI, and their potential applications of diagnoses are also presented.     

Detection of Concealed Explosives at a Distance Using Terahertz Technology

Terahertz imaging and spectroscopy has been shown to have the potential to use very low levels of nonionizing radiation to detect and identify objects hidden under clothing. In this paper we discuss some of the important factors involved in addressing practical systems in the security industry, and describe our recent work on the development of a prototype terahertz standoff detection system. Using this system we demonstrate the spectroscopic detection of concealed explosives at a standoff distance of 1 m, both real time, in reflection, and under normal atmospheric conditions.     

Finite element simulation for laser-induced SAW propagation in tooth

Laser ultrasonic technology, a noncontact nondestructive evaluation method, can be applied to evaluating the properties of human teeth. With a finite element method, this paper studies laser induced surface acoustic wave (LSAW) characteristics propagating in human teeth. Setting up a theory model for laser-introduced surface acoustic wave (SAW) propagating in human incisors, it discusses the temperature field induced by laser irradiate in dental surface, as well as the effects of inhomogeneous enamel and early dental caries (white spot lesion) on LSAWs. Studies in this letter can provide a theoretical basis for nondestructive evaluation of human teeth with laser ultrasonic technology.     

Wavelet representations for monitoring changes in teeth imaged withdigital imaging fiber-optic transillumination

Digital imaging fiber-optic transillumination (DIFOTI) is a novel method to detect and monitor dental caries, using light, a charge-coupled device (CCD) camera, and computer-controlled image acquisition. The advantages of DIFOTI over radiography include: no ionizing radiation, no film, real-time diagnosis, and higher sensitivity in detection of early lesions not apparent to X-ray, as demonstrated in vitro. Here, we present a method of processing DIFOTI images, acquired at different times, for monitoring changes. Of central importance to this application is pattern matching of image frames that is invariant to translation and rotation of a tooth, relative to the field of view of the imaging camera, and that is robust to changes in illumination source intensity. Our method employs: (1) wavelet modulus maxima representations for segmentation of teeth images; (2) first and second moments of gray level representations of DIFOTI images in the spatial domain, to estimate tooth location and orientation; and (3) multiresolution wavelet magnitude representations for quantitative monitoring. Even with illumination source intensity variation, it is demonstrated in vitro that such wavelet representations can facilitate detection of simulated clinical changes in light transmission that cannot be detected in the spatial domain     

Spectroscopic Study of Human Teeth and Blood from Visible to Terahertz Frequencies for Clinical Diagnosis of Dental Pulp Vitality

Transmission spectra of wet human teeth and dentin slices, together with blood of different flow rates were investigated. The measurements carried out over a wide spectral range, from visible light down to terahertz radiation. The results make it possible to find the optimum light frequency for an all-optical determination of pulpal blood flow and, consequently, for clinically diagnosis of tooth vitality.     

超短强激光大气等离子体细丝中太赫兹辐射现象及其应用

超短强激光在大气中传输形成的等离子体细丝由于能够辐射出太赫兹信号而成为一种新的太赫兹辐射源,这对实现远距离太赫兹的远程传感具有重要的意义,在太赫兹辐射产生技术领域备受关注。详细综述了超短强激光大气等离子体细丝中产生太赫兹辐射现象的研究进展和现状,并着重对等离子体细丝产生太赫兹辐射的形成机理进行了概述和初步探讨,最后对其应用前景进行了展望,进而提出目前尚未解决的问题。     

太赫兹孔径编码成像研究综述

太赫兹孔径编码成像借鉴了光学孔径编码成像和微波关联成像的基本原理,通过反射式天线等技术改变目标区域太赫兹波等效空间幅相分布来实现高分辨成像,具有高帧率、高分辨、前视凝视等诸多优势,是太赫兹雷达的重要发展趋势之一.介绍了太赫兹孔径编码成像提出的背景,系统阐述了其原理、现状、实现方式、关键问题,指出了其在末制导、安检反恐等领域广阔的应用前景,以期为推动太赫兹孔径编码成像和新体制太赫兹雷达研究提供一定的借鉴.     

太赫兹成像技术在站开式安检中的应用

在日益严峻的公共安全形势下,太赫兹技术的飞速发展为反恐安检提供了一项新的有效手段。分析了太赫兹波的特点及其在成像安检中应用的潜在优势,探讨了太赫兹成像安检的主要技术手段,比较了主动式和被动式成像的优劣,并总结介绍了用于安检的太赫兹被动成像和主动成像技术的国内外发展现状,通过对国际主要太赫兹安检成像研究机构的研究历程和近期项目支撑情况的分析,对太赫兹成像安检技术阵列化、多频段、复合式的发展趋势进行了预测,并对太赫兹成像技术在安检和反恐中的应用前景进行了展望。     

Application of microwaves and millimeter waves for thecharacterization of teeth for dental diagnosis and treatment

This paper presents applications of microwaves and millimeter waves for the characterization of teeth. This is done by measuring the complex permittivity over the frequency range from 0.04 to 40 GHz. These measurements have revealed that dental caries are significantly more lossy to microwaves and millimeter waves than the healthy tooth, and this difference can be used for dental diagnosis. The experimental results have been confirmed by using the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method. In addition, millimeter-wave heating of the lossy dental caries can be used as a sterilization treatment. It is concluded that millimeter waves can be used for dental medical diagnosis as well as dental medical treatment