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为提高个体舒适性,降低建筑制冷和供暖能耗,研发可调节人体与环境热湿交换的纺织品是一种极具前景的解决方案,为此对国内外热湿管理功能纺织品的研究进行了回顾。首先介绍了个人热湿舒适管理机制,其次归纳了辐射调温纺织品、相变调温纺织品、智能响应纺织品、导热纺织品、能量转换的调温纺织品和水分管理纺织品6种常见的可用于个人热湿管理的先进功能纺织品,概述了基于不同热湿管理机制功能纺织品的研究进展及其在多个领域的潜在应用。研究认为:织物调控人体-服装微气候热量和水分平衡是个体舒适的关键;指出目前热湿管理先进功能纺织品存在规模制备困难、功能单一化、智能化不足和缺乏体系的热湿舒适性评价等问题;展望了用于个人热量管理的高级纺织品、能量收集技术和柔性电子设备的集成是未来智能服装的发展趋势。 相似文献
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温敏纺织品作为智能纺织品的重要组成部分,可响应环境温度的变化而调节自身的性能,在调温调湿、抗浸储水、生物医用等领域具有良好的应用前景。然而,如何将温敏聚合物高效温和地接枝到纺织品上是温敏纺织品制备过程中的难题。介绍了一种简单易行、普适性强的接枝方法,采用氨基硅油整理法在织物表面引入高活性的反应基团氨基,再通过原子转移自由基聚合(ATRP)技术接枝温敏高分子链。经由氨基硅油整理的棉织物柔顺性提高,水洗稳定性良好,红外和接触角等实验结果均证明温敏性单体N-异丙基丙烯酰胺(NIPAAm)被成功接枝聚合到织物表面,且接枝率高达41.2%。所得织物具有良好的温敏性能,可通过改变温度实现织物表面亲/疏水性的可逆转变。 相似文献
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针对目前纤维基人工肌肉普遍存在变形模式单一(主要为一维扭转和伸缩)、刺激条件苛刻、潜在的化学毒性或制造工艺复杂等问题,提出基于纤维聚集态结构及纤维体分级结构的跨尺度处理策略。通过结构设计将普通粘胶纤维制成快速响应、湿驱动的纱线人工肌肉,进一步通过集成不同的纺织技术与拓扑编织结构设计,实现纱线人工肌肉的机械化生产,并将一维纱线肌肉进一步扩展为二维的织物肌肉驱动器。结果表明:所制备的纱线人工肌肉实现了高达1 657 (°)/cm的扭转冲程,所制备的织物肌肉实现了更高维度的螺旋、卷曲、弯曲和扭转等运动。该制备方法无需任何复合系统、复杂的合成加工和组件设计,有利于促进纤维基人工肌肉在智能纺织品等多领域的应用与发展。 相似文献
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Induced stresses in textiles play a major role in their mechanical properties, either during fabrication or use. The aim of this work is to present the development of a dedicated sensor, which could be directly inserted in a fabric. The study is focused on seat-cover fabrics. The developed sensor is based on polyvinylidene fluoride films, which can easily be integrated in multilayer textiles used for seat upholstery. The metrology method used is the study of phase variations of the sensor under different loads. Results have shown that these variations are linear, and differ with “complex” fabric type. A correlation study between Kawabata compression parameters and phase variations didn't show any relationship between slope values and compression properties when the surface fabrics of “complex” are compared, but a classification in “families” is possible when different foams are considered. Future studies using this technique should demonstrate if these “smart” textiles could find applications in automotive field. 相似文献
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Wang H.Tang H.Gao Q.Zhang S.Liu T.Xie H. 《丝绸》2018,(9):57-61
In order to achieve the long, term wearable monitoring of ECG (electrocardiogram) signals and develop soft and smart textiles with excellent durability, electronic fabrics were prepared by using cotton knitted fabric as the base material and 280 D silver, plated conductive sewing thread . Through orthogonal experimental design, ECG signals of electronic fabric under different sewing parameters were gathered and compared with clinical medical ECG to analyze the feasibility of ECG signal. Then, tests of the conductivity, tensile property, abrasion resistance and water washing resistance of electronic fabric were carried out. Borda method was used to balance the acquisition effect of ECG signal and the durability performance of the electronic fabric. This paper provides a basis for the optimization of the electronic fabric based on the ECG signal acquisition. © 2018 China Silk Association. All rights reserved. 相似文献
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Protection and esthetics are the two common characteristics typically associated with textiles as clothing. Nevertheless, with the quickly altering needs of today’s consumers, a third characteristic is rising – that of “intelligence” – that is being integrated into fabrics to produce interactive or textiles (or i-textiles). The term electronic textiles, or e-textiles, are used to denote the class of fabric structures that integrate electronic elements with textiles and can sense changes in its environment and respond to it. This new class of wearable electronic systems is being designed to meet new and innovative applications in the military, public safety, healthcare, space exploration, sports, and consumer fitness fields. The goal of this paper is to focus on recent advances in the field of Smart Textiles and pay particular attention to the materials and their manufacturing process. Each technique shows advantages and disadvantages and the aim of this study is to improve the overall usability of smart clothing products by reviewing all developments which have been done in this case in order to straighten the path for future investigations and researches in this field. 相似文献
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用后整理技术开发纺织新产品是一条重要途径,文中介绍了利用原料性能开发的烂花产品、轧纹绸、绉织物;利用常用的后整理技术开发的转移印花织物、植绒织物、磨毛和砂洗织物、涂层织物、涂料印花织物;利用高技术开发的喷墨(色)印花织物、新型功能整理织物、纳米技术织物、生物酶整理织物。 相似文献
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本研究的目的在于开发利用超声喷嘴浸渍纺织材料的新方法,使纺织品具有既定的功能性,并为进一步应用纳米技术以获得功能化产业用纺织品,以及服装用和装饰用纺织品打下技术基础。 相似文献
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针对当前空调制冷与供暖中造成的能源消耗激增与实现“双碳”的全球目标之间出现巨大矛盾,实现由智能织物对人体自身热湿舒适性调节从而降低能耗成为亟需解决的问题。根据当前热湿舒适性智能织物的研究,概述了人体热湿舒适性调节原理;介绍了由高性能材料(如高红外线反射、高导热、高红外线透过材料)制备的热湿舒适性智能织物以及通过纤维或织物结构控制实现的智能织物(如保暖、吸湿快干、智能热湿调节织物)。分析了不同调节方式的智能织物制备方法及现阶段面临的困难和挑战;提出可制备新型热湿刺激响应纤维,通过纤维的低成本、大规模生产达到智能热湿调节织物的生产及广泛应用;展望了热湿舒适性智能织物在“双碳”背景下,推动智能服装发展的应用前景。 相似文献