新时期保障性住房演化的进程与对策研究——以南京市为例

新时期住房发展目标从"住有所居"转为"住有宜居"、城市更新由增量转为存量。本文通过对南京市保障房进行调查研究,从选址建设趋势、住区空间特征和社会保障情况3个方面梳理20年来南京市保障房演化的绩效以及实践过程中存在的问题,并指出政策和市场是影响空间和人群发展的核心因素。进而预测新时期保障房发展将以"精细化"管理和"微更新"为趋势,并从政策调整、规划设计、更新改造及社区营造过程对多方参与主体提出建议。     

Preserving Community through Radical Collaboration: Affordable Housing Preservation Networks in Chicago,Washington, DC,and Denver

Collaborative planning efforts to address complex problems such as affordable housing and climate change traditionally manifest as government-led processes meant to gain legitimacy and engage with multiple types of expertise. These types of processes, however, can leave nonprofit actors constrained by the policy priorities of government-led collaborations due to their ability to reproduce existing power relations. Using a qualitative case-study approach of affordable housing preservation networks in Chicago, Washington, DC, and Denver, we argue that preservation of affordable housing can benefit from what we call radical collaboration. We define radical collaboration as an animated network of actors working towards a shared frame of collective action. It is an approach, often led by community-oriented non-governmental organizations, that seeks to transform the ways disadvantaged groups access the city. Actors in the collaboration bring diverse resources that include funding, data, regulatory power, and portfolio-wide information to solve building-level and broader policy challenges.     

PPP模式建设保障房的国际经验与战略选择

近年我国保障性住房规划数量与政府实际建设能力之间的缺口越来越大,PPP模式成为有效的解决方式之一。通过总结国外以PPP模式建造保障性住房方面的成功案例与经验,明确其中的关键成功因素和权责分配。在此基础上,研究我国PPP模式建设保障性住房的战略选择问题。     

Residential preferences,transit accessibility and social equity: insights from the Denver region

Our work exploring preferences of Denver metropolitan area households in deciding where to live provides important insights for regions seeking to leverage investments in transit and promote social equity through transit-oriented communities (TOC). Through a choice-based approach, we find evidence of widespread support for characteristics of TOC, with similar preferences for transit- and pedestrian-accessible environments among low-income and more affluent households. However, despite similar preferences, we find that affluent households moved to station areas after the arrival of light rail in much larger proportions than low-income households, pointing to trends consistent with local and national evidence of increased housing prices (and, likely, gentrification) near transit. If these trends continue without additional supplies of housing affordable to low- and moderate-income households in transit-rich neighbourhoods, those who are most likely to benefit from and use transit are likely to face increasing difficulty in realising preferences for TOC.     

Planning Gains,Providing Homes

Planning gain has long been used in Britain for infrastructure funding and has been increasingly used to secure land and funding from private developers for new affordable homes. This paper examines the theoretical and policy underpinnings of planning gain. It describes the growth in the number of new affordable, including intermediate, homes delivered through planning gain, the variations between planning authorities in the incidence of planning gain and the value of the contributions developers make. In the light of the environment after the credit crunch it considers the extent to which planning gain mechanisms can any longer deliver new affordable homes.     

Assessing the social and environmental achievements of New Urbanism: evidence from Portland,Oregon

This study examines the extent to which specific social and environmental objectives have been achieved in the New Urbanist community of Orenco Station (Portland, Oregon). House-level surveys were conducted in Orenco Station, as well as a traditional suburb and two long-established urban neighborhoods. Survey data reveal higher levels of social interaction in the New Urbanist community than the comparison neighborhoods. The analysis also reveals a higher level of walking, and an increase in the occasional use of mass transit, in the New Urbanist community. However, the majority of residents in all four neighborhoods (including the New Urbanist neighborhood) rely on single occupancy vehicles for their regular commute. In summary, this study shows that Orenco Station is very effective in achieving its social objectives, successful in encouraging walking and the occasional use of mass transit – but less effective in increasing primary reliance on mass transit for commuting.     

Towards modern urban housing: redefining Shanghai's lilong

This paper examines both the traditional and the modern aspects of the lilong, traditional low‐rise row houses adapted from the Western tradition to accommodate the families of Chinese workers from the beginning of the Treaty Port era in the late 19th century to the establishment of the People's Republic in 1948. The paper aims to redefine the abstract concept of the lilong, arguing for their potential to be rethought as a typology of low–medium rise‐high density (LMRHD) housing today. In particular, the paper delivers a practical answer to a conceptual question: how does lilong provide the dwelling identity of Shanghai, China, taking into account its form, meaning, and culture? The emergence of both lilong and Western modern housing is rooted in a crisis of space and the economic drive of modern cities. Lilong architecture and the normative living programme embedded in the typology of modern housing have been proper development housing strategies in modern Shanghai. By closely examining both the physical and community aspects that make lilong a mediating agency between Chinese locality and Western modernity, the paper presents the assumption that the architecture of lilong does not confine itself to certain forms or physical configurations; instead it is an “abstract concept” of an urban neighbourhood – the spatial organization, architectural practicality, casual formation of semi‐private space, and community lane‐life – a concept that should be taken into account for the design of urban housing today. The redefinition of lilong is a conceptual idea that will serve as a point of departure for the last part of the paper: a discussion of the possibility to develop this housing strategy for today's situation. This paper also presents the preliminary strategies for the designing of the new LMRHD housing.     

试论开发区规划管理的几个问题

开发区规划管理工作的矛盾 ,反映了政府职能转变过程中的误区和不适应。开发区是城市系统的有机组成部分 ,开发区的规划管理应当实行统一管理。同时 ,开发区有其自身特点和特殊要求 ,规划必须重视并满足这些特点和需求。将开发区规划从城市规划中分离 ,会对开发区和城市发展产生不良影响。目前的开发区规划普遍缺乏必要的深入研究和技术手段 ,缺少对土地效益、用地结构、开发时序的研究和调控。为此 ,规划的重点应该转向那些市场力不能很好地发挥作用的空间资源的配置 ,必须强调土地利用的效益指向     

殊途同归——从美国加州的两个工程实践谈旧城更新与经济适用房开发建设模式及设计要素

介绍了美国加州两个由政府部门资助的有旧城改建含义的项目,通过政府与民间的合作,达到环保及古建保护、旧城更新、繁荣社区、减少项目风险并降低造价的目的,为经济适用房市场及经济适用房投资方式提供了一个值得借鉴模式。     

城市竞争力、城市经营与城市规划

城市竞争力、城市经营、城市规划是内在关系密切的一组理论与实践命题。本文对三者的内涵、目的及关系进行了阐述 ,以期纠正目前认识与实践中的一些误区 ,并提出一些新的思路和建议。     

再论我国城市社区及其发展规划

首先比较与城市社区发展规划相关的概念、范畴与层次;其次,深入探讨我国城市社区发展的现状以及社区发展规划的要求,然后,提出我国城市社区发展规划理论中应理清的四个问题;结论是我国需要建立科学的社区发展理论体系,同时应完善城市规划体系及其编制程序。     

Curitiba

The city of Curitiba, Brazil, has gained international acclaim for its planning initiatives. This profile addresses the successes achieved by urban planning and the challenges of growth and development in Curitiba. A historical account of Curitiba’s planning and development is presented. A discussion of urban and regional development follows, establishing the relationship between the city itself and the areas surrounding it. Three issues are discussed in detail: urban poverty, housing and transportation. A critical review of these topics is offered, along with the current conditions and hopes for each one of them, and for the city as a whole.     

晋中城市发展历程研究

按照城市发展不同阶段的背景和动力机制,对晋中市城市发展的六个阶段——农商成城、交通促城、工业扩城、产业立城、园区兴城、多核优城进行了详细阐述,此项研究对晋中市的规划发展具有深远的意义。     

31 Flavors of Inclusionary Zoning: Comparing Policies From San Francisco,Washington, DC,and Suburban Boston

Problem: Over the past several decades, inclusionary zoning (IZ) has become an increasingly popular, but sometimes controversial, local means of producing affordable housing without direct public subsidy. The conversation about IZ has thus far largely ignored variations in the structure of IZ policies, although these variations can impact the amount of affordable housing produced and the effects of IZ on production and prices of market rate housing.

Purpose: We provide a detailed comparison of the ways in which IZ programs have been structured in the San Francisco and Washington metropolitan areas and in suburban Boston.

Methods: We create a unique dataset on IZ in these three regions by combining original data collected from several previous surveys. We use these data to compare the prevalence, structure, and affordable housing output of local IZ programs.

Results and conclusions: In the San Francisco Bay Area, IZ programs tend to be mandatory and apply broadly across locations and structure types, while including cost offsets and alternatives to onsite construction. In the Washington, DC, area, most IZ programs are also mandatory, but have broader exemptions for small developments and low-density housing. IZ programs in the Boston suburbs exhibit the most heterogeneity. They are more likely to be voluntary and to apply only to a narrow range of developments, such as multifamily housing, or within certain zoning districts. The amount of affordable housing produced under IZ varies considerably, both within and across the regions. There is some evidence that IZ programs that grant density bonuses and exempt smaller projects produce more affordable housing.

Takeaway for practice: Although variation in IZ program structures makes it hard to predict effectiveness, IZ's adaptability to local circumstances makes it a particularly attractive policy tool. IZ programs can easily be tailored to accommodate specific policy goals, housing market conditions, and residents' preferences, as well as variations in state or local regulatory and political environments.

Research support: This article is adapted from a longer working paper written with financial support from the Center for Housing Policy, the research affiliate of the National Housing Conference.     

六个“第一” 六十年发展

城市规划是一个不断探索的历史过程。文章选择了新中国成立以来不同时期上海市住宅建设的6个规划设计范例加以评说,是为了"继往而拓进,传承而创新"。这些案例有着明显的历史痕迹和时代烙印,折射出当时住宅建设的背景和状况,并各有其特点或创新,从中可见规划设计探索的脉络、住宅建设六十年的发展、居住水平上升的轨迹。     

简述城市规划和建筑管理

本文主要分析了城市规划与建筑管理之间的关系,并基于此,具体阐述了如何做到城市规划与建筑管理之间的协调,从而提高城市规划与建筑管理的水平,促进城市科学、健康的发展。     

简述城市规划和建筑管理

本文主要分析了城市规划与建筑管理之间的关系,并基于此,具体阐述了如何做到城市规划与建筑管理之间的协调,从而提高城市规划与建筑管理的水平,促进城市科学、健康的发展。     

'四节-环保'在经济适用房设计中的应用

以经济适用房为对象,从推广意义、设计思路到工程应用等方面剖析‘四节-环保＇（即,节能、节地、节水、节材和环保）在经济适用房设计中的应用前景.