型钢步进式冷床的改造与实践

主要介绍了柳钢中型连轧生产线型钢步进式冷床的结构特点，并针对原设计和设备管理实践中的问题提出了相应的改进措施和解决办法。     

链式型钢冷床的改造

从设计到投产对型钢冷床技术改造的全过程做了系统的阐述。     

型钢的冷却模拟及步进式冷床的长度计算

通过对钢材的冷却机理进行分析,并使用有限元软件对槽钢的冷却过程进行数值模拟,得出槽钢的冷却时间,从而计算出步进式冷床所需的长度尺寸。     

小型冷床结构与设计实践

详细地介绍了小型冷床的结构组成。     

现代小型车间冷床

介绍了国内外小型轧钢车间一些典型的冷床结构和合理配置冷床的原则。     

现代化小型冷床上料装置结构设计分析及计算

近年来，由于轧钢工艺趋向于采用无扭轧制等先进技术，使轧制速度迅速提高，对冷床高速上料装置提出了更高的要求。冷床高速上料装置是冷床设计中的难点，也是关键设备，它的设计质量与安装精度直接决定着产品的最终质量。本文对冷床高速上料装置进行了结构分析与计算，对冷床的设计、维护有一定的指导意义。     

步进式冷床跑偏问题的分析

对型钢步进式冷床跑偏问题进行了原因分析，提出了改进措施。     

层流冷却条件下碳钢相变过程的数值模拟

 采用数值模拟的方法,结合宝钢2050热连轧层流冷却生产线,模拟研究了不同碳当量钢种在层流冷却条件下的奥氏体转变过程,计算了前段主冷、稀疏冷却、后段主冷3种冷却模式对奥氏体转变过程的影响,定量分析了带钢厚度方向不同部位处奥氏体转变的差别。结果表明:在所选定的工艺条件下,随着碳当量的增加,铁素体开始转变时间明显推迟,铁素体开始转变温度明显降低,而珠光体开始转变时间和温度变化不大;不同冷却模式下铁素体、珠光体各相开始转变时间及演变过程差别较大,但最终各相的体积分数接近一致;带钢厚度方向各部位由于冷却速度的不同而存在明显的组织不均匀性。     

钢板轧后冷却过程的数值模拟及变形分析

 针对钢板冷却发生翘曲变形的问题，利用热弹塑性有限元法对中厚板冷却过程的温度场及应力应变场进行数值模拟。采用分步循环加载的方法精确模拟不同换热边界条件，温度场模拟结果与实测值吻合较好。将热分析得到的温度场作为载荷进行钢板冷却过程应力应变的模拟，模拟结果表明塑性应变差出现在水冷的开始阶段。因此为了获得平直的板形，必须调整上下集管水量比，尽量减小水冷开始时上下表面的应力和塑性应变差。     

凉焦台长度的确定

以济钢焦化厂兴建干法熄焦工艺项目为例，指出在外析建凉焦台时，可以缩短焦台长度６～９ｍ，以达到节省投资、安全施工的目的。     

08CuPVRe型钢表面龟裂分析

应用金相检验、电子探针等手段，对大型型钢表面龟裂进行了分析，结果表明，加热不当是造成型钢表面龟裂的主要原因。     

热轧H型钢的在线控冷

针对H型钢轧制中的一些问题,设计了H型钢在线控冷装置.此装置采用气雾冷却方式,着重对H型钢R部进行快速冷却,冷速达100℃/s以上.试验结果表明,产品表面状态改善,晶粒细化,屈服强度和抗拉强度均提高21 MPa以上且断面性能均匀.轧件上冷床温度降低,生产效率提高,年产量达到预定产能的2倍以上且节省原冷床上风机的消耗.     

建筑用钢材的生产现状与发展趋势

建筑钢材总量占国内钢材总量的55%,建筑用钢的发展趋势对钢铁工业的发展有重大影响。通过对建筑用钢材需求现状的分析,找出了目前建筑用钢材存在的主要技术问题,指出了今后国内建筑用钢材的需求量仍会平稳增长,产品质量会明显提高,其用途也将会更加广泛。     

Application of Cooling Water in Controlled Runout Table Cooling on Hot Strip Mill

The controlled runout table cooling is essential in determining the final mechanical properties and flatness of steel strip. The heat of a hot steel strip is mainly extracted by cooling water during runout. In order to study the heat transfer by water jet impingement boiling during runout, a pilot facility was constructed at the University of British Columbia. On this pilotfacility, the water jet impingement tests were carried out under various cooling conditions to investigate the effect of processing parameters, such as cooling water temperature, water jet impingement velocity, initial strip temperature, water flow rate, water nozzle diameter and array of water nozzles, on the heat transfer of heated strip. The results obtained contribute to the optimization of cooling water during runout.     

Spray Cooling Heat Transfer and Calculation of Water Impact Density for Cooling of Steel Sheet Materials by Inverse Process Modelling

Modern steel grades require accurate temperature control during processing. The cooling section technology has to deliver prescribed cooling rates while fulfilling specific constraints, e.g. on the minimum surface temperature. For all material thicknesses, numerical cooling system set value prediction is advantageous and above 10 mm, the possible cooling rates and the experimental parameter determination are limited by physical constraints. Laboratory measurements provide quantitative experimental data on the heat transfer coefficient (HTC) depending on the cooling system parameter water impact density and the temperature difference. The desired final material properties determine temperature control and cooling rate. This information is used to predict the optimum cooling section set values for a specific cooling task. The inverse modelling calculations use a simple cooling section process model. Illustrative examples for optimum cooling of strip or sheet material using water spray cooling demonstrate the approach. Additionally, the physical limitations due to the finite heat conductivity of the strip are calculated and discussed.     

我国型钢生产技术发展及市场需求

着重阐述了近10年来我国型钢生产技术的发展,并分析了市场需求,希望为我国型钢轧机的建设及产品质量的提高有所帮助。     

An Effective Approach for the Simulation of the Cooling Process of Steel Strips on Run‐out Tables

The cooling process of steel strips on an industry run‐out table (ROT) is simulated using an 1D model. In this model, the water bank information is not handled and the ROT directly consists of the jetlines. The simulation creates an advantage to study independently the spacing of jetlines on the cooling effect. In addition, a novel approach is used for time stepping in this study. First, five numbers of time steps are defined for different cooling zones and each number can be determined according to the accuracy requirement and the strip speed. Thus, the time step size is not constant and the total number of time steps can be reduced. Second, each time step is identified with a flag to indicate its belonging to the different zones. With this approach, tracking is not needed and none of the water cooling zones will be jumped over. The predicted coiling temperatures of 1D model simulations are in good agreement with the field measurements.