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The effect of surface finish on the scaling behavior of Super 304H was investigated in steam and supercritical water (SCW). The oxide scales were analyzed using scanning electron microscope with an energy dispersive X-ray detector, X-ray diffraction, and Raman spectroscopy. The results showed that surface deformation improved the oxidation resistance by promoting the preferable formation of chromia and improving the scale adhesion. In SCW, the absence of hematite may be ascribed to the low oxygen partial pressure; while the whisker growth on the sandblasted sample may have resulted from the low oxygen partial pressure and the increased chromium diffusion flux. 相似文献
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无机消毒剂ClO2和有机消毒剂季铵盐 (苯扎溴铵) 作为常用的再生水消毒剂对循环冷却水系统具有一定的腐蚀性。通过两种消毒剂的对比,发现消毒后残留的Cl-和氨氮分别是两种消毒剂对316L不锈钢产生腐蚀的主要因素。此外,采用响应面分析法 (RSM) 和中心组合设计 (CCD) 分析了温度和流速对316L不锈钢腐蚀速率的作用。结果表明,在低温和低流速的情况下,瞬时腐蚀速率变化较小,产生腐蚀的主要原因还是电化学腐蚀。 相似文献
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碳钢与不锈钢在腐蚀浆料中冲刷腐蚀交互作用的定量研究 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
用失重法和电化学法系统地研究了碳钢与不锈钢在腐蚀浆料中冲刷与腐蚀的交互作用及其电化学行为。试验表明:①冲刷腐蚀和动态纯腐蚀极化曲线与静态纯腐蚀极化曲线截然不同,两者的腐蚀机理存在本质的差异;②T8钢以腐蚀失重为主,18—8不锈钢以冲刷失重为主,两者的冲刷腐蚀交互作用失重率占其总失重率的60%以上,表明耐蚀不耐磨的18—8不锈钢和耐磨不耐蚀的T8钢在冲刷腐蚀工况中均难以胜任;③T8钢的冲刷腐蚀失重率和交互作用失重平均是18—8不锈钢的6倍以上,表明在液固两相流冲刷腐蚀工况中,材料必须首先具有一定的耐蚀性,然后再考虑提高材料的硬度和耐磨性,这样才能有效地提高材料的耐冲刷腐蚀性能。 相似文献
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Yusuf Kayali Şükrü Talaş 《Protection of Metals and Physical Chemistry of Surfaces》2019,55(6):1148-1153
Protection of Metals and Physical Chemistry of Surfaces - AISI 316 L austenitic stainless steel is widely used in various sectors of the industry (chemical, petro-chemical industry, paper industry,... 相似文献
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采用腐蚀增重法研究了304NG奥氏体不锈钢在550~650℃/25 MPa的超临界水(SCW)中的腐蚀行为。使用SEM和EDS分析了材料的氧化动力学、氧化膜表面形貌、氧化膜截面形貌和合金元素分布。结果表明:304NG奥氏体不锈钢在SCW中的腐蚀增重服从抛物线生长规律;在550℃的SCW中具有较好的抗腐蚀性能,当温度升高到650℃时,腐蚀增重速率急剧升高;304NG奥氏体不锈钢在SCW中腐蚀初期形成薄而致密的氧化膜,之后则会出现疖状腐蚀,并且腐蚀岛的尺寸随着腐蚀时间的延长而逐渐增大,650℃时尤为明显;腐蚀生成的氧化膜形态为典型的双层结构。 相似文献
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《铸造技术》2016,(11):2358-2361
通过对渗氮工艺处理后1Cr18Ni9Ti钢的组织观察及力学性能测量,研究了1Cr18Ni9Ti钢的渗氮层组织及性能与渗氮温度的关系。研究结果表明:未经过渗氮处理的1Cr18Ni9Ti钢主要相成分是α-Fe相,在300℃温度下渗氮处理后的物相主要有α′N、γ′-Fe4N及ε-Fe3C相,其中γ′-Fe4N相的含量较少,在350℃和400℃温度下渗氮处理后的物相主要有α′N、γ′-Fe4N、ε-Fe3C及Cr N相。经过渗氮处理后,钢表面的硬度有明显提升,硬度值随着渗氮温度的降低而减小。在300℃温度下渗氮处理可以一定程度上提升1Cr18Ni9Ti钢的耐蚀性。 相似文献
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In order to reduce the cost of the austenitic stainless steels(ASSs),the expensive austenite former(nickel) is often substituted by manganese.However,manganese is generally seen to have a detrimental effect on the corrosion resistance.In the present study,the feasibility of laser surface modification of a lean-alloyed ASS(FeCrMn) for enhancing pitting corrosion resistance was investigated.Laser surface modification of FeCrMn was successfully achieved by a 2.3 kW high power diode laser(HPDL).Cyclic polarization tests for FeCrMn after laser surface modification in 3.5% NaCl solution at 25 ℃ were performed by using a potentiostat.The pitting resistance of the laser-modified specimens was found to be significantly improved as reflected by the noble shift in pitting potential.This could be attributed to redistribution of manganese sulphide leading to a more homogenous and refined microstructure.Pitting corrosion resistance of the laser-treated FeCrMn followed by subsequent citric acid passivation was found to be further improved as reflected by the noble shift in pitting potential to 0.18 V. 相似文献
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The intergranular corrosion(IGC) character of tin-added B316 LX and the influence of tin addition on IGC susceptibility were investigated by DL-EPR, oxalic acid etch test and transmission electron microscopy. IGC susceptibility of B316 LX is mainly caused by the precipitation of M23C6 carbide and intermetallic Laves phase. DL-EPR test is unsuitable to evaluate the IGC susceptibility of B316 LX with long-time sensitization, because more carbides and intermetallic phases are formed at grain boundaries and inside the grains, which induce more severe IGC and pits attacks. Tin addition increases the IGC susceptibility, maybe due to diffusion of tin toward grain boundaries. 相似文献
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通过腐蚀失重试验,获得了316NG不锈钢在高纯水环境中的腐蚀失重曲线及均匀腐蚀速率;采用XPS、XRD、SEM等手段对腐蚀产物的组成元素、物相、形貌进行了分析。结果表明:316NG不锈钢在高纯水环境中的平均腐蚀速率为0.05mm/a,远小于304NG不锈钢和321不锈钢的;腐蚀产物膜主要以耐蚀性强的磁铁矿Fe_3O_4、尖晶石类氧化物FeCr_2O_4和NiFe_2O_4、镍和铬氧化物及氢氧化物等形式存在,且(铬+镍)与铁的原子比高于基体的,说明316NG不锈钢具有良好的耐腐蚀性能。 相似文献
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目的研究2507双相不锈钢在循环冷却水模拟溶液(添加微生物SRB+IOB)中的腐蚀特征,确定其腐蚀机理。方法模拟某炼油厂循环冷却水溶液,采用SEM,EDS和电化学测试等手段分析2507双相不锈钢在SRB+IOB循环冷却水中浸泡不同时间后的腐蚀产物形貌及其电化学腐蚀情况。结果2507双相不锈钢的腐蚀速率很低,属于轻度腐蚀;在循环冷却水模拟溶液中的阳极极化曲线具有明显的钝化区,且钝化膜具有良好的自修复能力;腐蚀倾向随时间增加先增大后减小,腐蚀速率随时间增加先减小后增大。结论 SRB和IOB及其代谢活动与Cl-协同作用是点蚀的主要原因;2507双相不锈钢具有良好的钝化性和耐微生物腐蚀性能。 相似文献
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不锈钢表面激光熔覆层耐腐蚀研究 总被引:9,自引:2,他引:7
研究了在耐酸不锈钢基体上采用激光熔覆和等离子喷焊两种工艺形成的涂层对耐腐蚀性的影响。使用5kW横流CO2激光器对预置于基体上的Co基自熔合金粉末进行单道或多道扫描。得到的熔层与等离子焊层对比,激光熔层缺陷率低,成品率高。其组织细密均匀,晶粒细小,成分稀释率更小,对其体热影响小,熔层硬度与强韧性更高。性能试验证明,激光熔层具有更高的耐腐蚀性能。 相似文献
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不锈钢应力腐蚀开裂综述 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
应力腐蚀开裂一直以来是不锈钢领域的重要研究课题,也是许多行业亟需解决的工程问题。应力腐蚀开裂是材料、环境和应力三者相互作用的结果,由于其复杂性,目前人们对不锈钢发生应力腐蚀开裂的机理尚存在许多不同的见解,但是经过近一个世纪的研究,从材料选择、环境控制等方面入手,预防不锈钢发生应力腐蚀是能够达到的。综述了应力腐蚀开裂的特征、机理和三个影响因素(应力、材料和环境)。对应力腐蚀的阳极溶解机理和氢致开裂机理进行了概述,阐述并探讨了不锈钢应力腐蚀开裂的滑移溶解机理、氧化膜开裂机理以及氢致开裂机理。归纳了组织结构对不锈钢应力腐蚀的影响,分析了材料成分如(Ni、Mo和N)的添加与应力腐蚀敏感性的关系,总结了环境因素在应力腐蚀中的作用,对特定介质中不锈钢的应力腐蚀规律进行了归纳,并探讨了温度变化对不锈钢应力腐蚀的影响。介绍了近年来关于控制不锈钢应力腐蚀开裂方法的研究进展,如晶界工程、细化晶粒以及涂层等。最后展望了不锈钢应力腐蚀开裂未来的研究方向。 相似文献
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Corrosion behavior and mechanism of irradiated 304 nuclear grade stainless steel were studied in simulated pressurized water reactor primary water. The microstructure of the oxide formed on the steel irradiated to different doses over an exposure period range of 25–1500 h was analyzed and compared. It was found that the general and intergranular corrosion rates of the steel were increased with irradiation dose, in correspondence with an evolution of the general oxide and the oxide formed at the grain boundary. Correlation of the oxide evolution with the corrosion kinetics and mechanism has been discussed in detail. 相似文献