磁控溅射表面镀膜对Nd_2Fe_(14)B稀土永磁体抗腐蚀性能的影响

在Nd_2Fe_(14)B稀土永磁体基体表面,采用磁控溅射(直流+射频)技术制备了Ti/Ni,Ti/Al和Al/Ni等二元合金薄膜和Ti/Al/Ni三元合金薄膜。并通过中性盐雾试验、腐蚀失重计算、电化学腐蚀试验、金相观察等方式,对比研究了不同表面处理对Nd_2Fe_(14)B稀土永磁体基体抗腐蚀性能的影响,并构建了腐蚀模型。研究发现:Ti/Ni,Ti/Al和Al/Ni等二元合金薄膜和Ti/Al/Ni三元合金薄膜均有效地提高了Nd_2Fe_(14)B稀土永磁体基体耐中性盐雾腐蚀和电化学腐蚀的能力;Ti/Al/Ni三元合金薄膜较Ti/Ni,Ti/Al和Al/Ni等二元合金薄膜有更优良的综合耐腐蚀性能,其磁控溅射工艺参数为:Ar流量60 sccm,基片温度常温,Ni,Al,Ti的溅射功率都为250 W,基片转速20 r·min~(-1),镀膜均速0.3 nm·s~(-1),总计溅射时间1 h。     

低碳钢表面改性用耐磨无机涂层的研究

文章介绍了运用磷化技术和溶胶一凝胶技术，在AlCl3＋Al的水解体系中制备得到Al（OH），凝胶，经烧成后在低碳钢表面形成活性Al2O3涂层。实验分析了磷化时间、涂覆溶胶中Al（On），浓度以及涂层的厚度等对无机涂层与基体结合力的影响。同时运用X衍射分析与视频显微镜对基底表面包覆的Al2O3涂层的形成过程、形貌、相结构等进行表征和分析。实验结果表明通过磷化作用后的金属基底表面能转变成一种易于跟Al2O3涂层结合的磷酸盐薄膜，能有效地增强Al2O3溶胶与金属载体的附着力，使其表面形成均匀的致密氧化铝薄膜涂层。     

纯钛表面多步合成Ti-Al梯度抗氧化涂层

以TA2工业纯钛为基体材料,通过微弧氧化技术及磁控溅射技术在TA2基体表面分别制备了氧化钛薄膜和金属铝涂层,从而形成Ti/TiO2/Al结构试样,然后进行500℃×4 h的真空扩散热处理,研究了TA2纯钛基体表面Ti、Al元素梯度过渡的复合抗氧化涂层的形成机制,以及涂层在700℃下的循环氧化性能。结果表明,Ti/TiO2/Al试样中的金属Al涂层在500℃的真空热处理过程中,不仅能够扩散至Ti基体内形成Ti-Al系列金属间化合物,而且能与TiO2中间层发生化学反应形成TiAl3+Ti Al+Al2O3复合涂层。TA2纯钛基体表面形成Ti-Al梯度抗氧化涂层后,在700℃大气环境中循环氧化50次后的氧化增重仅为无涂层试样的1/10。     

TiAlN涂层制备过程中Ti,Al元素存在形式的演变分析

采用目前商用原子比为Ti50Al50的合金靶材,利用磁控溅射工艺,在硬质合金基体上沉积TiAl和TiAlN涂层。借助扫描电镜(SEM),X射线衍射仪(XRD)对Ti,Al元素在靶材和涂层中的存在形式作了分析,利用洛氏硬度试验机和纳米硬度仪对涂层的结合强度和硬度等力学性能做了测试分析。结果表明:Ti,Al元素在TiAl合金靶材中以纯Ti相和纯Al相存在,其中Ti原子颗粒镶嵌在Al原子的基体中;在TiAl涂层中以纯Ti单质相和Ti3Al合金相存在;在TiAlN涂层中以面心立方TiN相和密排六方AlN相存在。在涂层的制备过程中,靶材的溅射阶段属于靶材金属离子的产生过程,Ti,Al两种元素由靶材中双单质相结构转变为具有一定能量的离子流状态;涂层的沉积阶段属于Ti,Al两种元素的重新结合状态,无反应气体参与情况下形成合金化结构,反应气体的参与下Ti原子与N原子结合成TiN相,Al以置换TiN晶格中的Ti原子存在。Ti,Al元素的氮化作用导致涂层力学性能发生了变化,涂层硬度由12.8 GPa提高到23.5 GPa;涂层的结合强度由HF-1变为HF-2,均具有较好的结合强度。     

时效强化Fe-Ni-Ti-Al因瓦合金的力学与膨胀特性

研究了Fe—Ni—Ti—Al因瓦合金化学成分、热处理工艺、冷加工工艺对合金力学和膨胀特性的影响。实验结果表明，Ti,Al的加入使合金膨胀系数增大，同时随着Ti,Al的加入，应适当增加Ni含量，以保证合金具有较低的膨胀系数；冷加工降低Fe—Ni—Ti—Al合金的膨胀系数，时效热处理则增大合金的膨胀系数。含Ti2．5％（wt），AI0．6％（wt）的Fe—Ni—Ti—A1因瓦合金经时效热处理和变形强化，抗拉强度可达1500MPa。     

Nb-38Ti-11Si-3Al新型高温合金的氧化行为

采用机械合金化制备混合粉末，再通过真空热压法制备具有高致密度、组织性能均匀的Nb-38Ti-11Si-3Al双相合金，并考察其高温氧化行为。利用金相显微镜、XRD、SEM和EDS等手段分析合金成分、显微组织与形貌对合金氧化行为的影响。结果表明：通过高能球磨和真空热压制备Nbss＋（Ti，Nb）5Si3复合材料是可行的，α-Ti片层组织使基体中氧的固溶度大为降低，（Ti，Nb）5Si3相降低了氧在基体中的溶渗度，合金表现出良好的高温抗氧化性能。     

金属添加剂对SHS陶瓷内衬复合管微观结构与界面连接的影响

基于重力分离SHS法制备陶瓷内衬复合管，以（CrO3＋Al）为燃烧体系，通过添加并调整（TiO2＋Al＋C）子体系与Ni金属添加剂之间的成分比例，合成出具有钢基体、中间过渡合金层与内衬陶瓷三层结构的复合管。研究金属添加剂Ni对燃烧行为、碳化物颗粒原位合成与分布、陶瓷／金属微连接及复合管力学性能的影响。研究发现，随着Ni添加量增多与（TiO2＋Al＋C）含量降低，反应体系的绝热燃烧温度与燃烧速率上升。Ni的添加与熔化促进反应中亚化学计量比的富Ti碳化物形成，同时也因液相传质促进该碳化物溶解于金属熔体中，并经结晶形成呈梯度分布于中间过渡合金层上的富Ti碳化物。经对复合管力学性能测试与SEM观察，发现添加适量的N粉，可以控制中间过渡合金层中碳化物的体积分数与分布，有利于内衬陶瓷层、中间过渡合金层与钢基体之间的连接，从而使复合管径向压溃强度与抗剪强度提高。     

Al-14Si复合材料显微组织与性能

采用原位反应和液态搅拌合成法制备混杂相（Al3Ti＋SiCp）增强过芡晶铝基复合材料,研究了（Al3Ti＋SiCp）／Al-14Si复合材料的微观组织和强化机理。结果表明：采用原位反应法生成的Al3Ti具有良好的细化晶粒效果;通过液态搅拌可以使得原位生成Al3Ti增强相粒子和初晶硅更加细化;由于SiCp的存在使得Al基体畸变,产生密集的位错,对过共晶铝合金的力学性能有着重要影响。     

Nb-Ti-Al高温铌合金氧化行为研究

研究了Nb-35Ti-6Al、Nb-15Ti—llAl以及Nb-30Ti-15Al三组合金于900℃和1000℃在空气中的氧化行为，建立了Nb-Ti—A1合金高温氧化动力学模型。研究表明，元素Ti和Al的加入能有效改善合金的抗氧化性能，合金中占相的存在降低了氧的溶解度。同时抑制氧的扩散，因而两相合金Nb-15Ti-llAl和Nb-30Ti-15Al（β＋δ相）抗氧化性能优于单相合金Nb-35Ti-6Al（β相）。     

硅化物涂层对Nb?Ti?Al合金力学性能的影响

采用真空电弧炉熔炼法制备低密度Nb?Ti?Al合金铸锭,利用料浆烧结法在铸锭表面涂覆Si?Cr?Ti复合硅化物涂层,使用万能电子拉伸试验机对合金试样和涂层试样进行力学性能测试,研究硅化物涂层对试样力学性能的影响。结果表明,与合金试样相比,涂覆涂层后的低密度铌合金室温力学性能（抗拉强度、屈服强度及延伸率）显著下降。为进一步研究涂覆涂层合金力学性能下降的原因,采用扫描电子显微镜和能谱仪对合金试样和涂层试样进行显微组织观察、涂层/基体界面成分分析及C含量（质量分数）测定。结果表明,涂层试样力学性能下降的主要原因包括涂覆涂层后合金晶粒显著长大,合金中强化元素Al的向外扩散,脆性相Nb₃Al的形成以及Si?Cr?Ti涂层对合金产生的“渗沉效应”。     

Covalent photolinker-mediated immobilization of an intermediate dextran layer to polymer-coated surfaces for biosensing applications

A new method is presented for the covalent binding of dextran as an intermediate layer on surface acoustic wave (SAW) devices. For biosensing applications in aqueous media commercially available SAW devices require surface passivation to prevent corrosion of the aluminum device structures in electrolytes. Thin films of polyimide and parylene revealed exceptional passivation properties. They were used as a base for dextran immobilization. Covalent binding of dextran to polymer-coated surfaces was achieved by photoimmobilization. Aryldiazirine-functionalized bovine serum albumin served as the multifunctional light-activable linking agent (photolinker polymer). Dextran and photolinker polymer were mixed and photobonded to sensor surfaces. Essential photoimmobilization parameters were optimized. The binding of proteins to dextran applying carbodiimide chemistries was exemplified with antiurease antibodies and the feasibility of specific immunosensing was investigated on SAW sensors connected to a fluid handling system.     

Adhesion Behaviour,Nanohardness and Surface Roughness of Ti–6Al–4V–6B<Subscript>4</Subscript>C Thin Films Grown on AISI 1040 Steel

The nanohardness of Ti–6Al–4V–6B₄C thin film coated AISI 1040 steel were investigated using nanoindentation based on an AFM measurement technique. Thin films of Ti–6Al–4V–6B₄C were grown by the magnetron sputtering deposition method. X-ray diffraction analysis revealed that the deposited thin films were highly purified. The nanohardness of 18, 14 and 11.3 GPa were obtained for the coating of Ti–6Al–4V–6B₄C, Ti–6Al–4V, and bare substrate respectively. The surface roughness (R_a) of 0.5 and 1 h coating were 3.39 and 15.74 nm respectively. The results showed that the B₄C particles had a significant effect on the microstructural and mechanical properties of the coatings. The Ti–6Al–4V–6B₄C coating was obtained for a coating thickness of 40 and 100 nm for 0.5 and 1 h coating time respectively. In the meantime, the respective coating thickness of Ti–6Al–4V was obtained as 30 and 80 nm for 0.5 and 1 h coating time respectively. Strong adhesion was observed between the Ti–6Al–4V–6B₄C coating and AISI 1040 steel substrate than Ti–6Al–4V samples. The adhesion mechanism between the Ti–6Al–4V–6B₄C coating, AISI 1040 steel substrate, and the interfacial structure were studied by using scanning electron microscope (SEM). The use of Ti–6Al–4V–6B₄C coating could be a novel technique for developing high-performance applications due to excellent adhesion and nanohardness.     

AlScN films prepared by alloy targets and SAW device characteristics

In this paper,we reported a surface acoustic wave(SAW) device prepared and optimized by piezoelectric films containing AIN,AIScN(Sc-20 at%) and AIScN(Sc-30 at%) by reactive magnetron sputtering using Al and AISc alloy targets.We calculated the material intrinsic electromechanical coupling coefficient k_t² of AlScN(Sc-20 at%) and AlScN(Sc-30 at%) which are much better than AIN.It can be explained by the lattice softening.Furtherly,the results were confirmed by transmission el...     

Analysis of inclusions and precipitates in tough weld metal of X80 steel

Submerged arc welding(SAW)and gas metal arc welding(GMAW)experiments of Nb-bearing X80 steel were conducted with high-toughness wires.The inclusions in weld metals were analyzed in terms of their types and sizes.In GMAW,the inclusions are primarily Ti,Ca,Si,Al,and Mg compounds with no Nb and are generally less than 0.8 pm in size,whereas,in SAW weld,the inclusions are larger,mostly approximately 2-5 μm in size,and are cored with Ca and Ti,exhibiting obvious oxidation metallurgical features.The SAW joint was hot-deformed,and Nb-bearing nano precipitates were newly found in the weld metal through transmission electron microscopy,and Nb-free core-shell inclusion was found through scanning electron microscopy.The inclusions and precipitates were dispersed in or on the boundaries of acicular ferrite,contributing to acicular ferrite nucleation and grain refinement.     

两步机械球磨法制备M/TiO2复合薄膜及光催化性能研究

采用两步机械球磨法制备了M/TiO₂（M = Al、Sn、Zn、Ti）双层复合薄膜,利用光学显微镜和X射线衍射仪分析了涂层的微观结构和相组成,测定了薄膜的光催化性能,研究了过渡层材质以及球磨时间对复合薄膜光催化性能的影响。研究表明,TiO₂粉体在球磨过程中的晶体结构未发生显著变化,保持了良好的光催化活性。金属过渡层Al、Sn以及Zn将显著削弱复合薄膜的光催化活性,Ti是复合薄膜的理想金属过渡层,制备的Ti/TiO₂复合薄膜具有优异的光催化性能。随着第二步球磨时间的延长,Ti/TiO₂复合薄膜的光催化性能逐渐降低,这是由于第二层薄膜表面TiO₂含量降低的原因所致。     

Stability and Durability Study of Nano Pt Coated Titanium for Electrode Application

The present work involves development of noble metal nanoparticle coated Ti based electrode for application in severe corrosive environments. The etched Ti substrate was coated with noble metal nanoparticle via a seed mediated hydrothermal reduction method. Advanced surface characterization techniques elucidated that this two step synthesis method generated a uniform and highly dispersed nanoparticle coating on Ti which is essential for application in severe corrosive medium. The enhanced activity for methanol electro-oxidation compared to polycrystalline Pt proved the excellent electrocatalytic activity of as synthesized Pt nanoparticles coated Ti electrode. The adhesion strength of the coating on the Ti substrate was found to be excellent with a rank of 5A as per ASTM standard. The long term durability of Pt nanoparticles coated big cylindrical Ti mesh with 164 cm² surface area was tested by employing it as anode for electro-oxidation of Ce in 11.5 M nitric acid under an applied operational current density of 9 mA/cm² for 1000 h. Only 1 V increment was observed even after 1000 h confirming the excellent durability of this electrode. SEM and elemental mapping of the surface of coated electrode after 1000 h exposure in severe corrosive nitric acid further confirmed uniform dispersion of Pt on the surface and absence of delamination.     

TbCo／Cr Amorphous Film with Perpendicular Magneto-Anisotropy

Amorphousrareearth transitionmetalalloy (RE TM)films[1] havebeenintensivelystudied .Sincetheamorphousfilmsoftenpossessaverylargeuniaxialanisotropywithitseasyaxisperpendiculartothefilmplane ,theycanbeusedasmagneto optical[2 ] orhy bridrecordingmedia[3] .Amongthosefilms ,Tb Cofilmsareofgreatinterestbecauseoftheirhighcoer civeforce ,largeperpendicularanisotropyandeasycontroloftheirsaturationmagnetizationthroughcom positionadjustment[4 ] .However ,theTb Cofilmshavesuchadisadvantagethatsubstrate…     

Characterization of Different Carbon Nanomaterials Promising for Biomedical and Sensor Applications by the Wetting Method

Using the methods of wetting (sessile drop), AFM, and Raman spectroscopy, we studied the surface properties of fullerene and metal-fullerene films as well as nanostructured cluster-assembled carbon films produced by supersonic cluster beam deposition. These materials exhibit unique features due to their structure and are new promising materials for biomedical and sensor applications. The wettability of the carbon films with liquids of different polarities (water, glycerin) was investigated by measuring the contact angle under normal conditions as a function of the surface morphology and roughness as well as the concentration of doping metals (Ti, Al, Cu, Sn) in Me C₆₀ films. Based on the contact angle measurements the surface energy of these films has been estimated by Fowke's method. It is shown that contact angle measurements (wettability) allow one to obtain information on the properties of a carbon film surface (integrity, uniformity, roughness, presence of impurities in the surface layer, and reactivity). The wettability can be exploited for surface engineering control in the application of nanostructured coatings in medicine, electrochemistry, electronics, and tribology.     

High temperature oxidation resistance of CrN/(Ti,Al,Zr,Cr)N bilayer films deposited by multi-arc ion plating

CrN/(Ti,Al,Zr,Cr) N bilayer films were successfully deposited on cemented carbide( WC-8% Co) substrates by multi-arc ion plating process using two Ti-Al-Zr alloy targets and one pure Cr target. As a result of bilayered structure and addition of alloying elements( e. g. Al and Cr),the films exhibited excellent high temperature oxidation resistance under both short-term isothermal( up to 800 ℃) and long-term cyclic( up to 600 ℃) exposure conditions. Combined with pre-established outstanding tribological properties( e. g. maximum hardness of 4 000HV0. 01 and maximum adhesion strength over 200 N),these observations make such films quite a promising candidate to extend the cutting tool life span and boost the performance in high-productivity,high-speed and high-feed cutting or in dry machining conditions.     

Investigation of Ti Addition Effects on the Thickness of 55 pct Al-Zn-1.6 pct Si Coating by First-Principles Calculation

First-principles method was performed to predict the effect of Ti addition on thickness and adhesion of 55 pct Al-Zn-1.6 pct Si coating. The results of optimized geometric configurations, total energy, and charge distributions for the Ti substitution in Fe2Al5 and FeAl3 phases indicated Ti will grab electronic charges from Al atoms, form bonds with neighboring Al, which will reduce the growth of Fe-Al intermetallic layers, and finally enhance the adhesion of the coating/substrate. Furthermore, experiments were performed to validate the prediction results of first-principles successfully.