电动汽车锂电池SOC估测

SOC的估算对电动汽车锂电池的管理至关重要.该文提出了一种改进的安时积分法,在传统安时积分的基础上考虑温度对电池充放电的影响,及静置时间对SOC初值的影响,及时对SOC的初值进行修正,避免了传统安时积分法对误差的累积.以磷酸铁锂电池为例搭建实验平台,得到计算所需参数,并且验证了设计思路的可行性.     

Dynamic Balance of Partial Charge for Small Organic Compound in Aqueous Zinc-Organic Battery

Organic cathodes for aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs) feature intrinsic flexibility and favorable kinetics, but they suffer from high solubility. Herein, a partial charge regulation strategy is deployed by designing a small organic molecule with extended π-conjugated plane, namely benzo[i]benzo[6′,7′]quinoxalino[2′,3′:9,10]phenanthro[4,5-abc]phenazine-5,10,16,21-tetraone (PTONQ). The charge equalization of active sites induced by the extended π-conjugated plane of the PTONQ molecule combined with high aromaticity renders the molecule low solubility, fast charge transfer, and high structural stability. The fabricated Zn//PTONQ battery cycles more than 500 h at 175 mA g⁻¹ with small capacity reduction, fast charged/discharged kinetics, and anti-freeze performance (below -20°C). By a series of ex situ characterizations, it is attested that the capacity originates mainly from Zn²⁺ insertion/removal of PTONQ without H⁺ incorporation, which also accounts for the formation of Zn_x(CF₃SO₃)_y(OH)_2x-y·nH₂O by-products. This result benefits the understanding of the by-product formation mechanism of organic cathode and paves a new way to advance the aqueous Zn-organic batteries.     

基于GA-ELM模型的锂电池SOH预测

针对锂电池健康状态(State of Healthy,SOH)预测精度低的特点,利用遗传算法改进的极限学习机(Extreme Learning Machine,ELM)算法可提高锂电池SOH的预测精度。ELM输入层到隐含层的权值及隐含层单元的阈值随机产生,ELM算法只需设置隐含层单元的数目及隐含层激活函数类型。相比传统BP算法,ELM算法具有学习速率快、泛化性能好等优点。但由于ELM网络输入层到隐含层的权值和隐含层阈值产生的随机性,ELM算法的稳定性较差。ELM算法中引入遗传算法(GA)优化输入层到隐含层的权值和隐含层单元的阈值,该方法可增强ELM算法的稳定性。实验对比了GA-ELM算法与ELM算法、BP算法、RBF算法及SVR算法对锂电池SOH的预测,结果显示GA-ELM算法相比其他算法在预测精度和算法稳定性上均有提升。     

电动汽车锂离子电池模型参数辨识和荷电状态估算

针对电动汽车锂离子电池荷电状态在线估算准确率低、实时性差等问题,文中建立一种精确在线估算荷电状态的有效方法,采用MAFF-RLS和EKF对荷电状态进行估算。建立锂离子电池的等效电路模型,将MAFF-RLS应用在电池等效电路模型的参数辨识上,可以有效在线辨识模型参数。在模型参数辨识的基础上,将辨识出的模型参数作为荷电状态估算的输入,采用EKF估算动力电池实时荷电状态。经过实验仿真发现,采用MAFF-RLS和EKF联合估算荷电状态能够提高估算精确度,估算误差仅在2%以内。     

Information Rates Subject to State Masking

We consider the problem of rate-R, channel coding with causal/noncausal side information at the transmitter, under an additional requirement of minimizing the amount of information that can be learned from the channel output about the state sequence, which is defined in terms of the mutual information between the state sequence and the channel output sequence. A single-letter characterization is provided for the achievable region of pairs {(R, E)}. Explicit results for the Gaussian case (Costa's dirty-paper channel) are derived in full detail.     

锂电池充电均衡控制研究

为避免个别单体的过充、过放导致电池组性能下降甚至失效,需对电池组中各单体之间实现均衡控制,从而提高电池组使用寿命。文中设计了一种基于STM32F103RB的电池组均衡控制器,提出了消除单体电池不一致性的均衡充电控制策略,为鉴别即将报废电池提供了理论依据。     

A Design of a Grey-Predicted Li-Ion Battery Charge System

In this paper, we consider an Li-ion battery as a grey system. The grey prediction technique is then used to develop a grey-predicted Li-ion battery charge system (GP-LBCS). The proposed GP-LBCS is designed to replace the general constant-voltage (CV) mode using the GP mode to improve the Li-ion battery charge behavior. A GP algorithm is built in GP-LBCS to make the charge trajectories faster and safer. A 3-D Y-mesh diagram for describing the charge trajectories of the proposed GP-LBCS is simulated. A GP-LBCS prototype is designed and implemented to assess the charge performance. Experiments show that the charge speed and the charge efficiency of the proposed GP-LBCS, compared with the general constant-current-CV charge system, are increased above 23% and 1.6%, respectively. The charge speed and efficiency in the proposed GP mode are improved above 34% and 7%, respectively, compared with that in the general CV mode.     

Design of a Charge Equalizer Based on Battery Modularization

The charge equalizer design for a series-connected battery string is very challenging because it needs to satisfy many requirements, such as implementation possibility, equalization speed, equalization efficiency, controller simplicity, size and cost issues, voltage and current stress, and so on. Numerous algorithms and circuits were developed to meet the foregoing demands, and some interesting results have been obtained. However, for a large number of cells, for example, 80 or more batteries, the previous approaches might not easily satisfy the foregoing requirement. To overcome these difficulties, we propose a charge equalizer design method based on a battery modularization technique. In this method, a very long battery string is divided into several modules, and then, an intramodule equalizer and an outer-module equalizer are designed. This battery modularization scheme effectively reduces the number of cells that we consider in an equalizer design procedure; thus, the design of a charge equalizer becomes easier. Furthermore, by applying the previously verified charge equalizers to the intramodule and the outer module, we can make the equalizer design more flexible. Several examples and experimental results are presented to demonstrate the usefulness of the charge equalizer design method.      

UPS电池浮充动态均衡控制研究

蓄电池是UPS系统的核心,若蓄电池的使用得不到正确的使用和维护,UPS就失去了作为备用电源的意义。该文分析了电池过充和深度放电的危害,并设计了电压检测电路和能量均衡电路。电压检测电路实时检测各电池单体的状态,用MCU接收采集电路的电压值。然后,MCU根据得到的信息判断并发出指令驱动均能量均衡电路实现蓄电池组能量和单体电池的能量流动。保证了各电池单体状态的一致性,使之更好的维护电池,提高电池的使用寿命。     

Reliability Analysis of a System Subject to Partial and Catastrophic Failures

This note considers a system which is subject to both partial and catastrophic failures. A Markov process, continuous in time and with three discrete states is used to demonstrate the effect of the throw-away maintenance philosophy on reliability.     

锂离子电池充电：充电系统的差异与选择

简介 目前,便携式设备的供电问题向系统设计师提出了许多挑战,利用电池作为主电源的做法越来越流行,因此系统设计师必须设计出高度精密的系统,充分挖掘电池的所有潜力.每种应用都是不同的,但有一点却相同:尽可能地充分利用电池的容量,这一目标与如何恰当地为充电电池充电直接相关.     

关于密封铅酸蓄电池充放电电路的研究

文章主要介绍了一种应用于无线采集终端备用密封铅酸蓄电池的充放电保护电路,本电路采用TI公司生产的集成电路UC3906作为充电主控电路,辅以自杀式放电保护电路,防止蓄电池的过放电,从而有效地延长了蓄电池的使用寿命。     

过渡层和界面电荷对金属硅化物/硅肖特基接触特性的影响

针对金属硅化物／硅接触存在过渡层，提出了分析这种结构的肖特基接触特性的模型；讨论了过渡层厚度、界面电行及有关参数的影响，分析了不同退火条件下PtSi／Si肖特基二极管的特性。     

带有显示功能的锂电池和镍铬电池充电系统

系统以PIC16F873单片机和LTC4002锂电池充电芯片为核心,针对不同电池特性,采用不同的充电方式,可以对目前广泛使用的锂电池和镍铬电池充电,同时具有实时显示充电及放电电流、电池电压,容量统计和电池特性等功能,实现了符合铁道部所有相关规范的列车尾部保护装置的充电系统。     

Reliable Sliding-Mode Control for Markovian Jumping Systems Subject to Partial Actuator Degradation

In this work, a novel robust sliding-mode control (SMC) method has been provided for uncertain stochastic Markovian jumping systems subject to actuator degradation, such that the closed-loop system is globally asymptotically stable (with probability one). In the design of switching functions, a set of specified matrices are employed such that the connections among sliding surfaces corresponding to each mode are established. Then, a sliding-mode controller is synthesized to ensure the reachability of the specified switching surface despite actuator degradation and uncertainties. Finally, the simulation results illustrate the proposed method and the effectiveness.     

MAX1758构成锂离子电池充电控制器的设计

MAX1758是Maxim公司推出的锂离子电池充电控制集成电路芯片。它具有电池插入检测和自动低压电池充电等功能。文章分析讨论了该芯片的基本性能、工作原理、参数设置及应用设计,并对应用中出现的充电电池检测、输入电流限制、印刷电路板设计等若干技术问题进行了分析讨论,给出了相应的典型应用电路。     

镍镉或镍氢电池快速充电控制电路bq2004

bp2004快速充集成电路适用于镍铺或镍氢电池组的安全、高效快速充电控制。文中介绍了bp2004的基本性能、引脚功能、各电路的工作原理、主要参数及典型应用电路的设计。     

密封铅蓄电池阻抗参数与荷电态

蓄电池的交流阻抗特性远比理想的单电极要复杂，不同类型的蓄电池的阻抗参数差别很大，其中有些参数有可能用于指示蓄电池的荷电态。密封铅蓄电池的荷电态在50%以上时，电池内阻几乎没有变化，但其电化学反应内阻与双层电容之积，却对荷电态很敏感。     

电动汽车铅酸蓄电池智能充电及其策略

为提高电动汽车铅酸蓄电池寿命和续航能力,实现蓄电池高效、快速充电,设计了一种智能充电系统。硬件采用DC/DC正激变换电路实现功率的转换,同时以单片机为智能控制核心,并利用DS18B20采集电池温度。软件上根据蓄电池快速充电原理,提出一种分阶段定电流和正负脉冲相结合的新型充电控制策略。利用模块化设计方法,完成各功能模块设计,以及利用数字 PI算法实现分阶段电流恒定。实验证明,采用新型控制策略的智能充电系统对蓄电池进行充电,减少了充电时间,提高了充电效率。     

Linking Glass-Transition Behavior to Photophysical and Charge Transport Properties of High-Mobility Conjugated Polymers

The measurement of the mechanical properties of conjugated polymers can reveal highly relevant information linking optoelectronic properties to underlying microstructures and the knowledge of the glass transition temperature (T_g) is paramount for informing the choice of processing conditions and for interpreting the thermal stability of devices. In this work, we use dynamical mechanical analysis to determine the T_g of a range of state-of-the-art conjugated polymers with different degrees of crystallinity that are widely studied for applications in organic field-effect transistors. We compare our measured values for T_g to the theoretical value predicted by a recent work based on the concept of effective mobility ζ. The comparison shows that for conjugated polymers with a modest length of the monomer units, the T_g values agree well with theoretically predictions. However, for the near-amorphous, indacenodithiophene–benzothiadiazole family of polymers with more extended backbone units, values for T_g appear to be significantly higher, predicted by theory. However, values for T_g are correlated with the sub-bandgap optical absorption suggesting the possible role of the interchain short contacts within materials’ amorphous domains.