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79061 含羧酸酯基分散染料的研究大连工学院上海染料 1978年第5期1-34页大连工学院对含有羧酸酯基的分散染料进行了研究,经过初步的选择,提出了五种染料结构,包括四种偶氮型染料,在重氮组份或偶合组份上带有羧酸酯基,一种蒽醌型染料带两个羧酸酯基以及初步的测试性能,并对混合用活性染料也进行了筛选,以供进一     

联苯基肼羧酸酯的合成及其杀螨杀虫活性

人们对苯基肼羧酸酯的杀菌杀螨活性已不陌生。也有人报导了苯环有烷基或烷氧基取代基的此类杀螨化合物。Dekeyser等人发现邻联苯取代基对1,3,4-(口恶)二嗪酮系列化合物的杀螨活性的重要性,可是由肼羧酸酯基团组成的联苯基化合物迄今尚没人进行研究,因此,M.A.Dekeyser等选择合成(图1)联苯基肼羧酸酯并测定肼羧酸酯基团取代对杀螨杀虫活性的作用,以作为继续开发新的高效农药的探索目标。合成的联苯基肼羧酸酯,用严重危害农作物的棉红蜘蛛和美洲稻飞虱进行药效试验。     

酞菁类光敏剂的研究进展

酞菁类化合物是典型的近红外染料,依据有机光敏染料分子结构的设计原则,在酞菁母核的外围引入适当的取代基可以合成新型的具有特殊结构、优异光电性能的有机光敏染料。综述了酞菁类光敏染料分子的设计原则,以及具有代表性的取代金属酞菁类光敏染料的分子结构和光伏性能。     

染料的结构对太阳电池性能的影响

讨论了染料敏化纳米薄膜太阳电池中染料的结构对其性能的影响, 着重分析了染料的吸附功能基团、取代基效应和配体对染料光电化学性质的影响.研究表明,决定染料光电性质的主要是染料与TiO2薄膜电极表面之间的相互作用.在联吡啶钌染料中,羧酸取代基的染料与TiO2薄膜表面的相互作用最强,而且羧基的取代位置在4,4' 位, 配体为-NCS时染料的光电性能最好.     

具有新的活性中心的含卤素的活性染料

据印度纺织杂志94(4),99—101(1983),报导,Y.Raid 和 A.A.Abdallah 等人合成了9个含卤素的活性染料,这类活性染料的活性中心为碳—溴键和三氯甲基,其中1个含羧酸基的染料在碳酸氢钠溶液中染棉,而其他2个不含羧酸基的染料通过溶剂染色进行染棉。这类染料Ⅰ—Ⅴ的结构通式如右:     

红色复合多活性基活性染料的结构与性能关系研究一、单一染料结构与颜色以及染色性能关系

以C．I．活性红240，241，261为基础设计并合成了一组合复合双活性基的红色活性染料，各只单一染料构效关系研究表明：无机性／有机性(I／O)值与其纸层析R1值呈线性关系：重氮组分上磺酸基、硫酸酯乙基矾基、乙烯砜基等吸电子基令染料最高吸收紫移；萘系重氮组分代替苯系令染料最高吸收红移：活性红240（R2)的固色率(63．96％)和K／S(9．448)最低，而以4-硫酸酯乙基砜基苯胺和6-硫酸酯乙基砜基2-萘胺-1-磺酸为重氮组分的多活性基染料（R51R1)的固色率可达78％-84％，K／S可达15以上(2％o．w．f)。并讨论了取代基对吸附率、固色率和得色深度的影响。     

聚羧酸硅基酯的合成及其可降解性质的研究进展

综述了聚羧酸硅基酯的合成方法和降解性质。用于合成聚羧酸硅基酯的方法主要有AA/BB型硅基转移酯基交换法、AB型硅基转移酯基交换法、AB型硅氢化反应以及交叉去氢偶联反应。对上述方法的特点进行了总结和比较。详细介绍了该类聚合物的降解机理以及影响降解速率的因素,并对其在生物医学以及环境科学领域的应用进行了展望。     

偶氮染料的光敏性研究

合成了单偶氮蒽醌、双偶氮蒽醌和双偶氮芴酮三个系列偶氮染料,并以此制成了功能分离型双层光电导体。蒽醌类单偶氮染料扩大取代基的共轭体系,可以提高光敏值,最大可由Ix.S2800提高到Ix.S62,含-NO_2的染料光敏性最高,最低为-OCH_3。蒽醌双偶氮类染料取代基对光敏性的影响与蒽醌单偶氮类染料相同,前者的光敏性高于取代基相同的后者。取代基对芴类双偶氮染料光敏性的影响与前两类不同,含-Cl取代时光敏性最高,含-NO_2最低。染料的光敏性排序为:芴酮类>双偶氮蒽醌类>单偶氮蒽醌类。     

隆羧酸硅基酯的合成及其可降解性质的研究进展

综述了聚羧酸硅基酯的合成方法和降解性质。用于合成聚羧酸硅基酯的方法主要有AA／BB型硅基转移酯基交换法、AB型硅基转移酯基交换法、AB型硅氢化反应以及交叉去氢偶联反应。对上述方法的特点进行了总结和比较。详细介绍了该类聚合物的降解机理以及影响降解速率的因素，并对其在生物医学以及环境科学领域的应用进行了展望。     

亚磷酸酯和磷酸酯的新合成法

随着四烷氧基钛(2)的应用,大大改进了羧酸酯的酯基转移,尤其是那些对普通条件十分敏感的反应物。当在同一个分子中存在膦酸酯和羧酸酯的基团时,前者对(2)呈惰性,这已通过α-膦酰基肉桂酸的三乙基的化学选择性酯基转移来证明。尽管在热或酸(碱)催化条件下亚磷酸酯(1)(R~1O)_2P(O)H经过酯基转移,但是笔者最近根据四(二烷基酰胺)钛     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。