Measurement,simulation on dynamic characteristics of a wire gauze–fluid damping shock absorber

A new kind of shock absorber with Coulomb–fluid damping through coupling oil, wire gauze, rubber and spring by ingenious tactics is designed for reinforcement of electronic-information equipment in atrocious vibration and impact. The physical mechanism of the shock absorber is systematically investigated. The key-model machine shows complex non-linear dynamic characteristics in multi-parameter coupling dynamic test; otherwise, it has a good dynamic performance for attenuating vibration and resisting violent impact. Based on this, the non-linear dynamic model for attenuating vibration mode of the shock absorber is presented by analysing coupling physical mechanism of fluid and Coulomb friction and other factors for designing the shock absorber with high validity. The analytical results obtained in experimental data have been compared with the numerical ones obtained by performing the Runge–Kutta method with the mathematical model. As the model results agree well with the test data, it can be used for engineering design.     

CAD/CAE OF THE WORKING CHARACTERISTICS OF A NEW TYPE OF FLUID COUPLING SHOCK ABSORBER

For purpose of simulation of the working characteristics of a new type of fluid coupling shock absorber for vibration protection of sensitive equipment, a physical model is presented by analyzing the internal fluid dynamic phenomenon with respect to the coupling shock absorber and implemented in MATLAB software package. Using the model it is possible to evaluate the importance of different factors for design of the shock absorber. In the meantime, the key-model machine is designed for coupling dynamic test. Comparisons with experimental results confirm the validity of the model. So the CAD/CAE software has been developed in MATLAB for design and experimental test of the new coupling shock absorber.     

新型气—液耦合减振器的抗冲击动态特性试验与建模研究

针对实现抗大冲击并兼顾衰减振动的减振器件技术要求,通过结合空气阻尼和油阻尼及橡胶元件和金属弹性元件设计了结构微小的气－液耦合减振器原理样机,多参数匹配冲击试验研究表明其具有强非线性动态特征,在此基础上结合理论分析建立了样机非线性动态冲击特性模型,该建模方法直接引入结构参数,为直接设计具体的器件建立了理论基础,研究表明该耦合减振器性能优越并具有良好的设计可控性,具有广泛的应用前景。     

RESEARCH ON MODELING AND CHARACTERISTICS OF THE SPINDLE DYNAMIC COUPLING ABSORBERING SYSTEM OF A SUPER－PRECISION SURFACE GRINDING MACHINE

The bearing is described by constrain matrix, and the spindle system of a NC surface grinding machine is simplified as elastic-coupling beam, then modal synthesis method is used to establish the dynamic model of beam. Moreover, the response of the end of rotor is analyzed, and the natural frequency, principle mode and other dynamic characteristics of the coupling system are studied, the law of bearing stiffness to coupling frequency and amplitude of rotor is also found. Finally, according to the actual condition, a dynamic absorber is designed. The simulation and experimental results show that the amplitude of spindle can be declined effectively when the dynamic absorber is attached.     

Simulation and experimental validation of vehicle dynamic characteristics for displacement-sensitive shock absorber using fluid-flow modelling

In this study, a new mathematical dynamic model of shock absorber is proposed to predict the dynamic characteristics of an automotive system. The performance of shock absorber is directly related to the car behaviours and performance, both for handling and ride comfort. Damping characteristics of automotive can be analysed by considering the performance of displacement-sensitive shock absorber (DSSA) for the ride comfort. The proposed model of the DSSA is considered as two modes of damping force (i.e. soft and hard) according to the position of piston. For the simulation validation of vehicle-dynamic characteristics, the DSSA is mathematically modelled by considering the fluid flow in chamber and valve in accordance with the hard, transient and soft zone. And the vehicle dynamic characteristic of the DSSA is analysed using quarter car model. To show the effectiveness of the proposed damper, the analysed results of damping characteristics were compared with the experimental results, which showed similar behaviour with the corresponding experimental one. The simulation results of frequency response are compared with the ones of passive shock absorber. From the simulation results of the DSSA, it can be concluded that the ride comfort of the DSSA increased at the low-amplitude road condition and the driving safety was increased partially at the high-amplitude road condition. The results reported herein will provide a better understanding of the shock absorber. Moreover, it is believed that those properties of the results can be utilised in the dynamic design of the automotive system.     

PARAMETRIC MATCHING SELECTION OF MULTI-MEDIUM COUPLING SHOCK ABSORBER

To achieve the dual demand of resisting violent impact and attenuating vibration in vibration-impact-safety of protection for precision equipment such as MEMS packaging system, a theoretical mathematical model of multi-medium coupling shock absorber is presented. The coupling of quadratic damping, linear damping, Coulomb damping and nonlinear spring are considered in the model. The approximate theoretical calculating formulae are deduced by introducing transformation-tactics. The contrasts between the analytical results and numerical integration results are developed. The resisting impact characteristics of the model are also analyzed in progress. In the meantime, the optimum model of the parameters matching selection for design of the shock absorber is built. The example design is illustrated to confirm the validity of the modeling method and the theoretical solution.     

Study on the damping performance characteristics analysis of shock absorber of vehicle by considering fluid force

In this study, a new mathematical dynamic model of displacement sensitive shock absorber (DSSA) is proposed to predict the dynamic characteristics of automotive shock absorber The performance of shock absorber is directly related to the vehicle behaviors and performance, both for handling and ride comfort The proposed model of the DSSA has two modes of damping foice (i e soft and hard) according to the position of piston In this paper, the performance of the DSSA is analyzed by considering the transient zone for more exact dynamic characteristics For the mathematical modeling of DSSA, flow continuity equations at the compression and rebound chamber are formulated And the flow equations at the compression and rebound stroke are formulated, respectively. Also, the flow analysis at the reservoir chamber is carried out Accordingly, the damping force of the shock absorber is determined by the forces acting on the both side of piston The analytic result of damping force characteristics are compared with the experimental results to prove the effectiveness Especially, the effects of displacement sensitive orifice area and the effects of displacement sensitive orifice length on the damping force are observed, respectively The results reported herein will provide a better understanding of the shock absorber     

基于混合模式的汽车磁流变减振器阻尼特性分析与测试

根据牛顿流体模型和滨汉塑性流体模型 ,分别对混合工作模式的汽车磁流变减振器进行了理论分析研究。按照长安微型汽车的技术要求 ,设计和制作了汽车磁流变减振器 ,并对此进行了试验测试。试验结果表明 ,应用所提出的理论分析模型是可行的 ,对设计特殊阻尼特性的磁流变减振器有一定的指导意义。     

大载荷金属橡胶减振器优化设计

为减少金属橡胶减振器的故障率,降低因金属橡胶减振器损坏而产生的经济损失。通过对金属橡胶减振器的故障原因进行分析,并建立仿真模型进行仿真分析并对金属橡胶减振器进行理论分析,提出金属橡胶减振器的优化方法。建立金属橡胶减振器数学模型,利用遗传算法对金属橡胶减振器进行整体的优化,并结合有限元分析对优化结果进行确定,最终进行实验验证。结果表明:优化后的金属橡胶减振器的刚度有明显的提高,金属橡胶减振器的抗压能力也得到了一定的提高,仿真结果与实验结果存在一定的误差,但优化后的金属橡胶减振器满足运载车辆工作要求,优化达到了预期的目标。     

基于AMESim的汽车液压减振器失效仿真

针对油液泄漏导致的减振器失效问题,以某国产液压减振器为研究对象,通过分析其结构以及工作原理,建立减振器阻尼力的数学表达式以及AMESim一维仿真模型,仿真得到其不同速度下的示功图以及阻尼特性曲线,并与试验结果进行对比,仿真结果与试验结果能够较好的吻合,表明用AMESim所建立的一维仿真模型真实可靠。基于该仿真模型仿真活塞缝隙、底阀、活塞杆与密封圈缝隙的油液泄漏而导致的减振器失效问题,对比不同状态下的阻尼特性曲线,发现仿真模型可以较好的进行减振器失效的仿真分析,表明仿真模型能够指导实际工程设计以及相关的性能预测。     

某悬架减振器的精确建模及仿真

针对某轻型汽车悬架减振器结构 ,建立了精确的计算模型 ,经过仿真计算和与试验数据的对照 ,证明了模型的准确性 ,并对此减振器仿真计算结果与试验数据的差异提出了改进建议     

车用双筒液力减振器的建模与试验

为解决"在设计阶段就能预测减振器的阻尼特性"的问题,基于Easy5软件建立减振器的数学模型并进行仿真研究。其中该模型的建立是基于对双筒液力减振器的结构和工作原理的分析,使用能描述减振器内部结构的基本参数,同时用小挠度理论对其核心元件环形节流阀片的变形进行求解。计算结果与试验结果符合较好,该模型可进一步应用于研究液力减振器的动态阻尼特性对整车动力学性能的影响。     

电流变阀外置的汽车双筒液力减振器的理论及试验研究

介绍了电流变阀外置的新型汽车减振器的理论、结构及试验研究。阐述了电流变液体减振器阻尼力和电场的关系,其阻尼力由两部分组成:一部分是由粘性阻尼引起的牛顿力,无电场作用时,作为普通的减振器用;另一部分是由所加电场引起的切应力,它与所加电场强度成正比。试验结果表明:所设计的新型汽车电流变液体减振器具有阻尼力变化大、响应快、控制容易、结构简单和能源消耗低等特点,满足了汽车工程的实际需要,具有重要工程实用价值。     

A high-frequency first-principle model of a shock absorber and servo-hydraulic tester

The aim of this paper is to present the model of a complete system, consisting of a variable damping shock absorber and a specialized servo-hydraulic tester, used to evaluate the vibration levels produced by a shock absorber. This kind of evaluation is used within the automotive industry to investigate shock absorbers, as an alternative to vehicle-level tests. The purpose of such testing is to quantify a shock absorber's ability to transfer the mid- and high-frequency content of the vibrations passing from the road profile, through the suspension, to the vehicle body. The first-principle non-linear model formulated, derived and validated in this paper allows laboratory test conditions to be reproduced. It also provides an understanding of structural vibrations in regard to the dynamical interactions between the shock absorber, its basic components (e.g. valve systems), mounting elements, and the hydraulic actuator. The model is capable of capturing important dynamical properties over a wide operating range, yet is only moderately complex. The model has proved to be qualitatively suitable and quantitatively accurate based on validation work performed for the entire frequency range of interest, i.e. 0-700 Hz. The application scope of this study covers the engineering need to develop a simulation tool for high-frequency shock absorber design optimization.     

电流变液在飞机起落架减振器中的应用研究

将电流变液作为一种可控阻尼介质应用于起落减振器,实现对减振器的主动阻尼控制,减缓飞机降落时的高速冲击。采用理想的飞机减振器模型,建立动力学阻尼控制的数学方程,通过数值计算获得阻尼参数的控制规律以及电流变液电场强度的变化规律,得到了满意的减振器冲击能量减振效果。     

联合收获机谷物状态监测装置采样盒及其减振器

联合收获机的作业参数与作业性能密切相关,为了满足联合收获机作业性能的实时监测需求,设计了谷物状态监测装置采样盒及其减振器。采用动力学原理分析了联合收获机作业过程中阻流阀往复运动的“采样-卸样”动作特性;运用能量守恒原理建立了有约束条件的减振器保守系统动力学模型;利用多体动力学分析软件ADAMS建立了减振器动力学模型的虚拟样机并进行了求解,通过田间试验验证了该装置的可行性。对比无减振器作业情况,有减振器时谷物状态监测装置获取的图像中籽粒和杂质边缘清晰,图像质量更高;在同样的图像处理算法下,有减振器时破碎率监测结果精度提升了13.7%,监测精度达到了81.3%,含杂率监测结果精度提升了33.6%,精度达到了86.0%。     

减振器试验台的动态仿真分析

为了对汽车减振器的性能进行准确测量，设计出了一种能精确实现简谐运动的机械式减振器试验台，并运用MATLAB软件分别对该试验台的激振机构和飞轮建模，分析其动态特性。仿真结果表明，该试验台能实现精确的简谐激振运动，同时该仿真结果也为试验台的机械设计（如飞轮的设计、电机功率的选择等）提供了理论依据。     

惯性平台橡胶减振器弹性特性的有限元分析

以某型号惯性平台减振器为研究对象，探讨了橡胶减振器弹性特性的有限元分析方法。利用有限元ANSYS分析软件，进行了橡胶减振器有限元建模的数值试验分析。为了精确描述橡胶的特性，采用了弹性应变能函数方法，选取本构方程拟合试验数据，对橡胶材料特性曲线进行评估。预测的计算结果与试验吻合较好，表明所建的数学模型和有限元计算方法能较理想地获得橡胶减振器静态、动态解。该方法对同类减振器度其复杂结构系统的静态、动态计算奠定了基础，同时为以后同类减振器的设计提供一定的参考。     

冲击载荷下的石油测试管柱减振系统的数值模拟

基于有限元分析软件ANSYS研究冲击载荷下石油测试管柱减振系统的动力学性质,在模拟过程中涉及几何非线性、材料非线性、状态非线性和动态加载等问题.建立新设计研制的减振器和以往现场用的减振器三维有限元模型,在ANSYS/LS-DYNA中进行仿真计算,讨论在冲击强度一定的条件下,三种不同频率范围内的半正弦脉冲力对减振效果的影响,并比较两种减振器的减振效果.并用实验结果验证模型.     

活塞偏心倾斜对双筒液压减振器动态阻尼特性影响分析*

考虑活塞偏心和倾斜后活塞与缸筒之间的摩擦与润滑因素,研究充气式双筒液压减振器动态阻尼特性;建立活塞偏心和倾斜的双筒式液压减振器的动态阻尼特性数学模型和动压润滑方程,求解减振器动态阻尼特性数学方程;采用雷诺空化边界条件,对Reynolds方程采用五点差分法进行离散,利用超松弛迭代法(SOR)迭代求解,得到摩擦阻尼力;分析活塞偏心距比、活塞倾斜角度,活塞倾斜时活塞运动速度、活塞半径、活塞宽度等因素对摩擦阻尼的影响,以及各摩擦因素对减振器动态阻尼特性的影响。结果表明:活塞偏心和倾斜时,随活塞速度、偏心距比、活塞倾斜角度、活塞宽度等的增加,减振器活塞与缸筒之间的油膜摩擦力均增加,而随活塞半径的增加,油膜摩擦力减小。减振器活塞发生倾斜时,会造成阻尼力的大幅增加,严重影响车辆行驶的舒适性能,且活塞速度越快,对舒适性影响越严重。