电池装配压力对玻璃纤维隔膜的影响

本文通过实验给出干膜厚度，湿膜厚度，吸酸量，隔膜电阻等各项因素与装配压力的关系，为电池设计提供重要依据。     

隔膜电阻测试方法的研究

较详细地介绍了化学电源用隔膜电阻的两种测试方法——相对电阻率法和面积电阻法,两种测试方法的原理、使用仪器及测试线路、测试步骤等.分析了采用相对电阻率法和面积电阻法测出的隔膜电阻之间的关系,推导出在KOH电解液密度为 1.40g/cm~3时,隔膜面积电阻R_s与隔膜相对电阻率K的关系式为:R_s=2.2K·d(d:隔膜的湿厚度).讨论了面积电阻测试中的测试面积、隔膜厚度对测试结果的影响及面积电阻对分析电池性能的作用等问题.     

有机纤维对铅酸蓄电池AGM隔膜性能的影响

研究了3种不同种类相同规格的双组份有机纤维对AGM隔膜性能的影响。结果表明:随着烘干温度的增加,隔膜的强度、穿刺强度先上升后下降,隔膜的吸酸、毛细吸酸高度和最大孔径呈下降趋势;随着有机纤维添加量的增加,隔膜的强度、穿刺强度呈上升趋势,隔膜的吸酸、毛细吸酸高度和最大孔径呈下降趋势;在有机纤维添加量和烘干温度相同条件下,添加有机纤维B的隔膜性能优于同等条件下添加有机纤维A或C的隔膜性能。     

锌银电池隔膜的阻银迁移能力

研究了几种锌银电池隔膜的阻银迁移能力及装配电池后的循环性能.银迁移实验表明,隔膜阻银迁移能力的顺序为:银镁盐处理的水化纤维素膜>未经处理的水化纤维素膜>聚乙烯接枝膜;尼龙布>聚丙烯接枝膜.FAS-6隔膜不适合用作锌银电池的主隔膜.高温加速实验表明,在50℃下搁置对电池寿命的影响相当于常温(25 ℃)下搁置的3倍.     

溶剂、非溶剂对干法制备聚合物隔膜的影响

采用相转化法(干法)制备了聚合物锂离子蓄电池用隔膜。通过扫描电镜对隔膜形貌进行分析,研究了在干法制膜过程中溶剂和非溶剂对隔膜形貌和性质的影响。采用交流阻抗技术测定了隔膜的电导率;以丙酮作溶剂、水为非溶剂制备的隔膜具有良好的电化学性能,吸液率高达375%。用其装配电池,首次充放电效率88.3%,第五周可达99.4%。     

高容量碱性电池隔膜纸的研究

电池隔膜纸是电池的一个关键的组成部分,它直接影响着电池的各项性能和贮存寿命。介绍了采用高压聚乙烯薄膜经γ射线辐照,然后在70℃的30%甲基丙烯酸的甲苯溶液中反应接枝的制备方法;报导了聚乙烯-MAA接枝膜的机械强度、电阻率、在碱液中的膨胀度以及吸碱液率等性能。测试结果表明:制备的接枝膜能满足高容量碱性电池对隔膜纸的要求。     

500kV支柱绝缘子带电水冲洗技术特性的研究

本文通过大量500k V支柱绝缘子的带电水冲洗试验,探索水柱泄漏电流与水柱长度、水枪喷口直径、水枪压力、水电阻率的关系,结合变电站现场实际情况,提出500k V支柱绝缘子的带电水冲洗的试验条件;通过大量500k V支柱绝缘子带电水冲洗绝缘特性试验,归纳总结出绝缘子耐受电压与盐密度、水电阻率、冲洗角度和冲洗方式的关系。     

基于TFSI的冲击载荷作用下可倾瓦径向轴承热瞬态性能分析

为了研究可倾瓦径向轴承在载荷扰动下的瞬态行为,对瞬态油膜压力和温度分布采用TFSI(Temperature-Fluid-Structure Iteration)瞬态计算方法,建立三维油膜和轴颈及瓦块三维有限元模型。应用热流固耦合迭代求解方法,模拟汽轮发电机可倾瓦径向轴承在阶跃载荷冲击工况下热瞬态非线性响应过程。给出瞬态过程中油膜温度分布,最高温度、最小膜厚等参数的变化规律。认为瞬态过程中,油膜温度和膜厚变化量较大,油膜温度和膜厚响应有一定的超调量,瞬态过程中有可能因油膜温升过高或膜厚太小而导致失效。     

碱性二次锌电池隔膜材料耐枝晶性

本文研究了SL—080接枝膜与水化三醋酸纤维素膜在锌二次电池中阻挡枝晶的性质。结果表明,两类隔膜材料阻枝晶的过程不同。前者与层数呈对数关系,后者则呈线性关系。指出减少对数型隔膜的厚度而增加其层数可显著地改善隔膜层的耐枝晶穿透能力。     

锂离子电池隔膜研究与应用进展

隔膜是锂离子电池的核心关键材料之一,其性能决定了电极的界面结构、电池的内阻和注液量等,进而影响电池的倍率、循环及安全性能等特性。介绍了聚烯烃微孔膜、无纺布隔膜及涂层复合隔膜的制备方法、结构特征及其优缺点,评述了隔膜制备的关键技术和关键工艺。并对锂离子电池隔膜的改进方式和发展方向提出了建议和展望。     

VRLA蓄电池技术

本文就板栅合金、和膏方程、装配压力、快速充电等方面阐述VRLA蓄电池技术。当Pb—Ca合金中锡含量超过0.6％时才可能从循环伏安图观察到锡的阳极溶解,才能起克服早期容量损失的作用。通过加酸量改变铅膏密度,然后再通过和膏方程确定加水量。在和膏后期补水调整铅膏密度是不可取的操作。考虑电池充放电过程极板厚度增加将引起装配压力增大,建议初始装配压力设定在40kg/dm~2。我们首次建立变电流间歇充电方法,它是一种快速充电方法。对于完全放电态电池只需充电时间190min,则可得92％放电容量。     

影响阀控铅酸蓄电池深循环寿命的因素

研究了影响VRLA电池深循环寿命的一些因素 (如电池的板栅合金 ,AGM隔板 ,电池极板厚度 ,装配压力 ,充电模式等 ) ,并简要阐述了同批电池同一放电制度以不同的充电模式作深循环寿命对比试验的结果。结果表明 :(1)添加 1%～ 1.5 % (质量百分数 )锡于Pb Ca合金中能够使板栅恢复抗蠕变性能而防止了板栅的增长 ,延长循环寿命 ;(2 )采用最佳的极板厚度能够使电池达到最佳的比能量与循环寿命 ;(3 )优质的AGM隔板及较高的装配压力是防止电池寿命提前终结的重要因素 ;(4)充电模式是决定电池是否有较长使用寿命的关键因素 ;(5 )放电电流的影响也不容忽视 ,小电流放电条件下形成的PbSO4 比大电流放电条件下形成的PbSO4 更难氧化     

真空环境下电介质表面电阻率测试方法及其影响因素

真空环境下直接测量电介质表面电阻率难度较大、成本较高、时间较长。为解决这一难题,提出了用测量电介质体积电阻率代替真空环境下电介质的表面电阻率的替代测试法;并从理论推导和试验验证两方面分析该替代测试法的可行性;最后以纯环氧板试样为实验对象,测量并分析了其电阻率与环境湿度、环境温度及大气压强的关系。结果表明:该替代测试法是可行的,且电介质表面电阻率与其表面薄涂层体电阻率成正比,厚度成反比;电介质电阻率随着环境湿度、环境温度的增大而减小,随着大气压强变化而变化很小。     

Effects of sputtering pressure and thickness on properties of ZnO:Al films deposited on polymer substrates

Highly conducting and transparent aluminum doped zinc oxide (ZnO:Al) thin films have been deposited on polyimide substrate by r.f. magnetron sputtering at room temperature. The influence of sputter pressure and thickness on the structural, electrical, and optical properties of ZnO:Al films deposited on polyimide substrate is reported. The crystallinity and degree of orientation was increased by decreasing the sputter pressure. For higher sputtering pressures an increase on the resistivity was observed due to a decrease on the mobility and the carrier concentration. As the film thickness was increased, the crystallite sizes were increased, but the average transmittance in the wavelength range of the visible spectrum was decreased. The electrical performances of the ZnO:Al films deposited on glass substrates are slightly worse than the ones of the films deposited on polyimide substrates with same thickness. The lowest resistivity of 8.6?×?10^?4 Ω cm can be obtained for films deposited on glass substrate with the thickness of 800 nm.     

双层结构土壤模型地网接地电阻的简化计算

为了简化双层结构土壤模型中地网接地电阻的计算,提出了将双层土壤模型等效为均匀土壤模型的计算方法。分析了接地网面积、接地网的长宽比、上层土壤电阻率等参数对等效均匀土壤电阻率的影响后,指出接地网面积、上层土壤的电阻率和厚度以及反射系数等参数均对等效均匀土壤电阻率有重要影响;采用CDEGS软件仿真所得数据建立求解等效均匀土壤电阻率的BP神经网络所得结果与CDEGS软件计算对比表明,该BP神经网络具有较高的准确性和可信度,可为多层土壤结构中接地网的设计提供可靠帮助。     

阀控式铅酸蓄电池装配压力的设计和应用

装配压力在阀控式铅酸蓄电池制造中的重要性勿庸置疑。装配压力的设计及实际应用中有许多细节值得注意，否则设计的装配压力不合理，而且电池的性能达不到预期的效果。由此，本文对一些实际问题进行了整理分析。     

Effect of particles size on the characteristics of wet deposits during electrophoretic deposition

The suspensions of nanometer (NT) and micrometer (MT) sized titania powders were prepared in isopropanol. Triethanolamine (TEA) and acetic acid (AA) were used to enhance the surface charge of particles. The characteristics of wet NT and MT deposits such as thickness, packing fraction and electrical resistivity were determined at 60 and 200 V during electrophoretic deposition (EPD). The packing fraction of MT (≈ 0.15–0.3) deposits was higher than NT (≈0.05–0.1) ones leading to their less shrinkage and so less cracking during drying. Despite the lower concentration of H⁺TEA ions in MT deposit, their resistivity was smaller than NT deposits at 60 V due to the higher mobility of H⁺TEA ions in them. The mobility of H⁺TEA ions in both NT and MT deposits formed at 200 V was low but the resistivity of NT deposits was smaller due to the higher concentrations of H⁺TEA ions in them.     

Electrical and optical properties of fluorine-doped tin oxide (SnOx:F) thin films deposited on PET by using ECR–MOCVD

The electrical, optical, structural and chemical bonding properties of fluorine-doped tin oxide (SnO_x:F) films deposited on a plastic substrate prepared by Electron Cyclotron Resonance–Metal Organic Chemical Vapor Deposition (ECR–MOCVD) were investigated with special attention to the process parameters such as the H₂/TMT mole ratio, deposition time and amount of fluorine-doping. The four point probe method, UV visible spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), X-Ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were employed to characterize the films. Based on our experimental results, the characteristics of the SnO_x:F thin films were significantly affected by the process parameters mentioned above. The amount of fluorine doping was found to be one of the major parameters affecting the surface resistivity, however its excess doping into SnO₂ lead to a sharp increase in the surface resistivity. The average transmittance decreased with increasing film thickness. The lowest electrical resistivity of 5.0?×?10^?3 Ω^.cm and highest optical transmittance of 90% in the visible wavelength range from 380 to700 nm were observed at an H₂/TMT mole ratio of 1.25, fluorine-doping amount of 1.3 wt.%, and deposition time of 30 min. From the XRD analysis, we found that the SnO_x:F films were oriented along the (2 1 1) plane with a tetragonal and polycrystalline structure having the lattice constants, a?=?0.4749 and c?=?0.3198 nm.     

表面活性剂溶液铺展过程中的分离压特性

铺展液膜与预置液膜间的分离压效应是影响铺展或去湿过程的重要因素之一.基于表面活性剂特性对引力和斥力的不同影响,建立了分离压和自由能密度理论模型,导出了最小分离压和最小自由能密度及相应液膜厚度比的理论关系式,分析了斥力与引力比F、分离压和自由能与活性剂浓度、液膜厚度比间的变化关系.研究表明,随表面活性剂浓度的提高,F整体呈增大趋势;分离压和自由能密度在液膜厚度比h/h∞＜1和h/h∞＞1呈单驼峰和倒驼峰型变化;当液膜厚度比不同时,存在分离压和结合压两种情形,最小分离压和自由能密度在h/h∞奇点前后呈现截然不同的变化,奇点位置与(n,m)的取值有关.