CSI－PWM方式高压变频调速器

ＣＳＩ－ＰＷＭ方式高压变频调速器沈杰（Ａ－Ｂ公司北京办事处，北京．１０００４５）随着工业自动化技术的飞速发展，在管道、石化、水处理、矿山、冶金、水泥、制浆、造纸及电厂等行业运用高压交流变频调速器拖动风机、泵、压缩机、搅拌机、离心机、鼓风机、输送机等大...     

济宁煤化公司与山东节能工程公司合作完成锅炉风机变频调速改造

济宁煤化公司与山东节能工程公司合作对该企业热电厂 1号锅炉鼓风机变频调速改造项目日前取得成功。鼓风机是化工企业主要生产装备 ,也是主要耗能设备之一。济宁煤化公司此次改造采取安装变频调速装置的方式 ,通过调节风机转速来调节风量 ,替代原档板调节方式 ,从而大大降低能量空耗 ,鼓风机运行电流由原来的 75Ａ降至 60Ａ ,仅此一项每年可节约电费 4.56万元。通过改造还实现了变频与煤气系统的联动保护 ,运行电压、电流、转速等参数可同步显示 ,内置的自控及网络通讯功能配合工控系统可实现生产工艺的全过程自动控制 ,大大降低了操作难度…     

跳汰机用新型C100-1.5鼓风机的应用

泰山利华公司选煤厂原跳汰机配备的鼓风机老化严重,不能满足生产需要,新购置的C100-1.5型鼓风机,采用变频启动,有效改善了跳汰机分选效果,提高了选煤厂经济效益。     

基于DCS的加热炉鼓风机变频调速控制应用

介绍了DCS+变频器控制系统在某石化企业加热炉鼓风机变频控制项目改造中的应用,经过施工改造,实现了加热炉鼓风机的DCS远程变频调速控制,能够及时调整加热炉进风量大小,同时,降低了鼓风机能耗。     

加热炉鼓风机的变频控制改造

介绍了DCS+变频器控制系统在某石化企业加热炉鼓风机变频控制项目改造中的应用,经过改造,实现了加热炉鼓风机的DCS远程变频调速控制,能够根据装置生产要求,通过调整鼓风机转速,及时调整加热炉进风量大小。鼓风机的调速运行,在满足生产要求的前提下,不仅减少了鼓风机各部件的运行磨损,也降低了鼓风机运行能耗。     

生物技术在石油化工脱硫中的应用

介绍了生物技术在油品脱硫和烟气脱硫中的应用现状,并重点介绍了ＥＢＣ公司的油品生物催化脱硫（ＢＤＳ）和日本ＮＫＫ公司的烟气脱硫（Ｂｉｏ－ＳＫ）技术。     

变频调速鼓风机操作中应注意的问题

应用变频调整技术不仅能节约电能, 而且能提高生产的自动化水平。我公司自1998年9月 在煤气鼓风机上应用变频调速技术以来, 每年可节省电费98.5万元, 冷却水9万t, 还可提高 煤气的净化效率。但根据我们的生产实践, 变频调速鼓风机在使用中还应注意以下几个问题 。1 变频器的安装与调节由于变频器是变频调速装置的核心部件, 所以, 必须委托信誉可靠的专业厂家进行安装调 试, 并根据本厂的生产情况在变频器中输入启动时间、停止时间、调整反应时间和吸力上下 限等设定值。在正常情况下, 除吸力上下限的设定值在生产过程中需不断进行调节外, 其…     

煤气鼓风机使用变频调速器的节能效果

煤气鼓风机是焦化厂的心脏,马钢煤焦化公司共有4台焦炉煤气鼓风机,其中汽动和电动各2台.汽动风机可用蒸汽压力调节风机速度和煤气输送量.电动风机只能靠调节风门开度来调节煤气输送量.为此,我们采用了闭环自动调节技术和变频调速技术实现电动鼓风机的调速.煤气压力取自初冷器前横管处,当实际煤气压力与额定煤气压力的比值发生变化时,通过变频装置自动调节煤气鼓风机的转速和吸力,以达到稳定集气管压力和节约电能的效果.在改造过程中,马钢煤焦化公司选用了德国SIEMENS公司生产的SIMOVERT MV DIVER 电压源型SIMADYN D控制的高压变频器, 取得了显著的效果.     

煤气鼓风机变频调速系统的应用

针对煤气鼓风机工频运行时能源浪费较大,对煤气鼓风机进行了变频改造。改造后鼓风机运行较稳定,能够根据不同负荷调节风机转速,达到节能的效果。     

凯洛格布朗路特的合成氨新工艺

1　引　言1 998年底 ,哈里布顿公司和德莱赛公司合并成为哈里布顿公司 ,他们的子公司布朗路特工程公司和凯洛格公司也结合成为一个新的公司 ,称为凯洛格—布朗路特公司 (ＫＢＲ)。ＫＢＲ将这两个公司的合成氨技术独特的部分结合起来开发出一种新的合成氨工艺。ＫＢＲ公司有下述独特合成氨技术 :ＫＲＥＳ技术 :该技术是 90年代初期由凯洛格开发的一种转化换热器系统 ,称为ＫＲＥＳ ,这种技术用来代替氨厂最昂贵的设备一段炉。该技术 1 994年 1 0月已在加拿大一个日产 30 0吨的工厂中成功的运行。ＫＲＥＳ技术目前商业化的能力最高可达到 2 2 …     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Novel polyurethane coating technology through glycidyl carbamate chemistry

Glycidyl carbamate chemistry combines the excellent properties of polyurethanes with the crosslinking chemistry of epoxy resins. Glycidyl carbamate functional oligomers were synthesized by the reaction of polyfunctional isocyanate oligomers and glycidol. The oligomers were formulated into coatings with several amine functional crosslinkers at varying stoichiometric ratios and cured at different temperatures. Properties such as solvent resistance, hardness, and impact resistance were dependent on the composition and cure conditions. Most coatings had an excellent combination of properties. Studies were carried out to determine the kinetics of the curing reaction of the glycidyl carbamate functional oligomers with multifunctional and model amines. Detailed kinetic analysis of the curing reactions was also undertaken. The results indicated that the glycidyl carbamate functional group is more reactive than a glycidyl ether group. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, on October 27–29, 2004, in Chicago, IL.     

Highly moisture-proof polysilsesquioxane coating prepared via facile sol-gel process

A highly moisture-proof polysilsesquioxane coating was obtained from a new bis-silylated precursor, which was synthesized from 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) and m-xylylene diisocyanate (m-XDI) in tetrahydrofuran (THF) and verified by ¹H MAS NMR. For direct comparison purposes, an SiO₂ coating was also prepared by the Stöber method using tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) as the reactant. Interestingly, the coating obtained from the polysilsesquioxane sol exhibited a much higher moisture resistance capability than its counterpart, which was attributed to its more compact feature between nanoparticles as characterized by N₂ absorption experiment and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Furthermore, its high transparency of about 92% showed potential for application in the protection of optical crystals.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.