间歇溅射和分段冷却对ZnO薄膜结构的影响

用超高真空射频磁控溅射技术制备了高c轴取向的ZnO薄膜,并用XRD和SEM研究了溅射和冷却方式对ZnO薄膜结构性能和工艺性能的影响。结果表明:与连续溅射相比,间歇溅射可以降低ZnO(002)的晶面间距,晶粒长大致密化,随着间歇时间的延长,薄膜的自优化程度增加;与连续冷却相比,分段冷却对ZnO薄膜的质量影响不大,但可将薄膜的冷却时间,从2.5~3 h缩短至1.5 h左右,从而提高了薄膜的制备速率。     

冷却顶板与置换通风

介绍了冷却顶板和置换通风的工作原理，分析了两者相结合的空调系统在设计上的特殊性及其优缺点，指出了冷却顶板加置换通风系统在我国具有广泛的应用前景。     

表面加工多晶硅薄膜热扩散系数的在线提取

提出了一种在线提取多晶硅薄膜热扩散系数的简单测量方法,测试结构可随表面器件工艺加工制作,无需附加工艺。通过分析两个长度相同、宽度与厚度相同梁的瞬态冷却特性,获得其冷却时的温度衰减时间常数,便可以提取出表面加工多晶硅薄膜的热扩散系数。给出了瞬态冷却热电分析模型,综合考虑了梁冷却过程中各种散热因素即对流、辐射以及向衬底传热的影响。实验测得的该表面加工多晶硅薄膜热扩散系数是0.165 cm2-s 1(方块电阻是116.25Ω/sq)。该方法能够实现多晶硅薄膜热扩散系数的在线测试。     

红外光学薄膜的热应变效应分析

引入了一个分析红外光学薄膜热应变效应的模型，并针对具体情况，对模型作了必要的改进，应用新模型对高温淀积薄膜的冷却过程进行了模拟计算，得出了冷却后薄膜平均折射率与多个薄膜工艺和材料参数的关系，并对模拟结果作了相应的比较分析。     

不同送风方式对冷板系统中室内空气品质的影响

采用计算流体力学(CFD)方法,模拟了在冷却顶板 置换通风联合空调系统(CC/DV)以及冷却顶板 混合风联合系统(CC/MV)两个模型中室内的空气温度、速度和粒子的分布情况。通过对模拟结果进行讨论,分析了粒子分布特征,结果表明:混合通风比置换通风能更有效的排除地面产生的扬尘,大颗粒污染物在置换通风气流场中比小颗粒污染物容易沉积,而在混合通风气流场中大小颗粒的分布区别不大。     

高速室温HgCdTe CO_2激光探测器

用HgCdTe薄膜制成的光电探测器对10.6微米的辐射敏感,工作时无须低温冷却。这些室温下工作的器件可获得亚毫微秒的响应时间。就响应率和探测度而论,探测器在高频时的性能介于冷却的量子探测器和非冷却的热电探测器之间。     

介绍几种薄膜制备新技术

一、引言制备薄膜的方法常用的有蒸发、溅射、CVD技术等。激光和电子束制备薄膜,由于其反应时间短、加热温度低且范围也小,加热和冷却迅速等特点而逐     

CBB65型交流金属化薄膜电容器交流声的控制

CBB65型金属化聚丙烯交流电容器的薄膜之间由于存在间隙,薄膜在电磁力的作用下发生周期性形变,导致薄膜共振,从而引起了交流声。通过试验研究了卷绕压力和热处理条件对交流声的影响。结果发现:选用厚度偏差4%内的薄膜材料、控制卷绕压力为30N,在真空100℃下对芯子进行热处理、保温5h后缓慢冷却,可使电容器交流声控制在允许范围30dB以下,且无一失效。     

激光手术中喷嘴尺寸对制冷剂闪蒸喷雾冷却表面传热特性的影响

制冷剂闪蒸喷雾冷却(CSC)已经成为激光治疗葡萄酒色斑等皮肤病手术中的标准冷却辅助手段。为优化喷嘴设计,进一步增进冷却效率和改善治疗效果,搭建了制冷剂闪蒸瞬态喷雾冷却实验台,设计了8个不同内径和长度的直管型喷嘴,采用先进的磁控溅射沉积薄膜热电偶测温方法,应用杜哈梅尔定理计算表面热流密度,定量研究了不同喷嘴对冷却表面传热特性的影响,并对其传热规律和雾化特性进行了系统的分析比较。此外,提出了评价喷嘴冷却效率标准,给出了采用不同几何尺寸喷嘴时冷却表面换热量随喷雾距离的变化规律。     

某大型室内水上乐园空调系统设计

介绍了某大型室内水上乐园的空调系统设计。在充分考虑该建筑自身的特点和使用要求的基础上,采用了多种气流组织相结合的送风方式,以解决场馆的热舒适性问题。通过计算并经过分析得出场馆内部容易出现结露的位置,提出了合理的防结露措施。     

Evaluation of the Thermal Comfort of a Thermoelectric Ceiling Cooling Panel (TE-CCP) System

This present work evaluates the cooling performance and thermal comfort of a thermoelectric ceiling cooling panel (TE-CCP) system composed of 36 TE modules. The cold side of the TE modules was fixed to an aluminum ceiling panel to cool a test chamber of 4.5 m³ volume, while a copper heat exchanger with circulating cooling water at the hot side of the TE modules was used for heat release. Thermal acceptability assessment was performed to find out whether the indoor environment met the ASHRAE Standard-55's 80% acceptability criteria. The standard was met with the TE-CCP system operating at 1 A of current flow with a corresponding cooling capacity of 201.6 W, which gives the COP of 0.82 with an average indoor temperature of 27°C and 0.8 m/s indoor air velocity.     

Eco-Friendly Transparent Silk Fibroin Radiative Cooling Film for Thermal Management of Optoelectronics

Although transparent radiative cooling is a passive cooling strategy with practical applications and aesthetic appeal, complex manufacturing processes and the use of environmentally unfriendly thermal emitters remain latent problems. Herein, eco-friendly transparent silk radiative cooling (TSRC) films are developed, regenerated from natural silkworm cocoons, for zero-energy-consumption thermal management of optoelectronic devices. These TSRC films can dissipate heat radiatively through molecular vibrations of the protein backbone and side chains, while retaining the function and appearance of the associated devices, due to their high visible transparency. Theoretical and experimental investigations revealed that the thermal emission increases rapidly upon increasing the film thickness, but slowly thereafter achieves saturation; nevertheless, the intrinsic solar absorption of silk in the ultraviolet and near-infrared regions also grows linearly, unavoidably weakening the cooling effect. After spectroscopic optimization, the maximum cooling power during the daytime and nighttime is improved to 77.6 and 101.7 W m⁻², respectively. Gratifyingly, the films have a remarkable effect on the cooling performance of electronic devices under sunlight. For example, the TSRC film provides a temperature drop of 5.1 °C for a smartphone during multitasking and charging, and 14 °C for a silicon solar panel with an improvement in the photoelectronic conversion efficiency (≈7%).     

Mechanism Investigation of p-i-n ZnO-Based Light-Emitting Diodes

Using a cosputtering technique to deposit P-ZnO : AlN film and using a vapor cooling condensation system to deposit n-ZnO : In and i-ZnO films on sapphire substrates, thin-film-type ZnO-based light-emitting diodes (LEDs) were fabricated. A Nd : YAG laser with a wavelength of 413 nm is utilized to identify the defect-related emissions of p-ZnO, i-ZnO, and n-ZnO films. The characteristics of i-ZnO layer of ultraviolet (UV) emissions were analyzed using temperature-dependent photoluminescence. The mechanism of the UV electroluminescence emission peak at 3.20 eV observed from the p-i-n ZnO-based LEDs were attributed to the low deep-level defects and the radiative recombination occurred in the i-ZnO layer.     

Thin Film Condensation on Nanostructured Surfaces

Water vapor condensation is a ubiquitous process in nature and industry. Over the past century, methods achieving dropwise condensation using a thin (<1 µm) hydrophobic “promoter” layer have been developed, which increases the condensation heat transfer by ten times compared to filmwise condensation. Unfortunately, implementations of dropwise condensation have been limited due to poor durability of the promoter coatings. Here, thin‐film condensation which utilizes a promoter layer not as a condensation surface, but rather to confine the condensate within a porous biphilic nanostructure, nickel inverse opals (NIO) with a thin (<20 nm) hydrophobic top layer of decomposed polyimide is developed. Filmwise condensation confined to thicknesses <10 µm is demonstrated. To test the stability of thin‐film condensation, condensation experiments are performed to show that at higher supersaturations droplets coalescing on top of the hydrophobic layer are absorbed into the superhydrophilic layer through coalescence‐induced transitions. Through detailed thermal‐hydrodynamic modeling, it is shown that thin‐film condensation has the potential to achieve heat transfer coefficients approaching ≈100 kW m^?2 while avoiding durability issues by significantly reducing nucleation on the hydrophobic surface. The work presented here develops an approach to potentially ensure durable and high‐performance condensation comparable to dropwise condensation.     

Spindt型阴极的研制

本文概述Ｓｐｉｎｄｔ型阴极的发展水平及其应用，介绍了在我们现在有工艺条件下，研制Ｓｐｉｎｄｔ型阴极的情况。利用改装的蒸发沉积设备及射频磁控溅射技术在基片上的微孔阵列中制作发射尖锥，以制成场发射阴极。在真空条件下测量了该阴极的发射特性，并利用这种平面阴极制作了荧光屏显示原理性样管显示出足够亮度的光点；在此基础上，对该阴极在平板显示器件上的应用提出了一个设计，对实现这一设计的材料和工艺作了论证．     

置换通风加冷却顶板空调系统的节能及经济性分析

介绍了置换通风与冷却顶板相结合的空调系统。分析了该系统由于处理新风量少、辐射制冷、允许较高冷冻水温等特点带来的明显的节能效果和经济性。指出了其在我国有着广泛的应用前景。     

钢基板厚膜环形电位器的研制

传统的陶瓷基板厚膜环形电位器不能承受高过载。选用不锈钢板作为基板材料,被覆绝缘介质,在其上印制厚膜电路,然后烧结,制作了钢基板厚膜环型电位器。该电位器经过温度循环、抗过载、机械强度和动态射击试验,结果表明:被覆绝缘介质不锈钢基板厚膜环型电位器具有过载值高(18000~20000g)、动态电阻装定精度高(误差小于1%)等优点,满足高过载使用要求。     

图电板线路缺口开路改善

缺口开路属图电板第一大报废项目,对图电板整体品质影响极大,是图电板品质改善的重点方向,通过对图电板在图形工序加工过程的全程跟进与研究,发现图电板的缺口开路主要因脏物和碎膜造成,经分析,这些脏物和碎膜主要来自于四个方面,文章将对此分别进行阐述和改善。     

sol-gel法制备ATO透明导电薄膜

以无水SnCl4为原料,通过sol-gel法制备出稳定性很好的SnO2溶胶并由此得到掺杂的SnO2薄膜。利用差热–热重分析、XRD、IR等手段分析了制备薄膜的sol-gel过程,同时运用Hall法测量了薄膜电性能随固化温度的变化。结果表明:Cl–的存在抑制了溶胶的聚合反应,故溶胶的稳定性得以保证,而溶胶的聚合是在薄膜的固化过程中完成的。薄膜中晶粒随固化温度升高呈现指数趋势增大,电阻率随固化温度的升高逐渐减小,在固化温度700℃时达到最低值3.7?·cm。