不同温度硫化生长ZnS薄膜的性能

采用磁控溅射方法在玻璃衬底上室温下沉积了Zn薄膜,接着将薄膜在硫蒸气和氩气氛中于200℃预热1 h,然后升温至250~500℃退火1 h。以XRD、SEM、EDS和紫外可见分光光度计对薄膜进行表征,并结合热力学计算结果研究了Zn薄膜硫化生长机理。Zn转变为ZnS的过程包括硫化反应以及S原子和Zn原子的扩散。研究还表明:第一步的200℃预热可在Zn薄膜表面形成ZnS,随后第二步退火的硫化温度对硫化薄膜光透过率、S/Zn摩尔比和结晶性都有明显影响;在大于或等于300℃的硫化温度下制备的ZnS薄膜在400~1100 nm范围光透过率高达约80%,带隙为3.54~3.60 eV,晶体结构为六方。     

硫化法制备ZnS薄膜的结构和光学性能研究

采用直流反应磁控溅射法,在玻璃衬底上沉积了ZnO薄膜,然后在H2S气氛和500℃温度下退火制备了六方ZnS薄膜。利用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、UV-VIS分光光度计、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对样品进行了表征。结果表明:ZnO经0.5 h硫化就能全部生成ZnS,适当提高硫化时间可改善ZnS的结晶性,但硫化时间超过2 h后,结晶性会有所降低;所有制得ZnS薄膜都沿c轴择优生长,其晶粒明显比ZnO更大。此外,这些ZnS薄膜在500~1 100nm波长范围内的光透过率均高达约75%,带隙为3.65~3.70 eV。     

硫化法制备ZnS薄膜的结构和光学性能研究

采用直流反应磁控溅射法,在玻璃衬底上沉积了ZnO薄膜,然后在H2S气氛和500℃温度下退火制备了六方ZnS薄膜。利用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、UV-VIS分光光度计、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对样品进行了表征。结果表明:ZnO经0.5 h硫化就能全部生成ZnS,适当提高硫化时间可改善ZnS的结晶性,但硫化时间超过2 h后,结晶性会有所降低;所有制得ZnS薄膜都沿c轴择优生长,其晶粒明显比ZnO更大。此外,这些ZnS薄膜在500~1 100nm波长范围内的光透过率均高达约75%,带隙为3.65~3.70 eV。     

氮化铝薄膜的低温沉积

介绍了一种ECR微波放电和脉冲激光沉积相结合低温沉积AlN薄膜的新方法.在ECR氮等离子体环境中用脉冲激光烧蚀Al靶,以低于80℃的衬底温度在Si衬底上沉积了AlN薄膜.结合样品表征和等离子体光谱分析,探讨了膜层沉积的机理,等离子体中活性氮物质的存在是Al-N化合的重要因素,等离子体对衬底的辐照促进膜层的形成.     

氮化铝薄膜的低温沉积

介绍了一种 ECR微波放电和脉冲激光沉积相结合低温沉积 Al N薄膜的新方法 .在 ECR氮等离子体环境中用脉冲激光烧蚀 Al靶 ,以低于 80℃的衬底温度在 Si衬底上沉积了 Al N薄膜 .结合样品表征和等离子体光谱分析 ,探讨了膜层沉积的机理 ,等离子体中活性氮物质的存在是 Al- N化合的重要因素 ,等离子体对衬底的辐照促进膜层的形成     

能量密度和重复频率对PLD法制备ZnS薄膜性质的影响

利用脉冲激光沉积法在玻璃基片上、以不同的能量密度和重复频率制备了一系列ZnS薄膜。利用X射线衍射、X射线能量色散谱、紫外-可见-近红外分光光度计,对ZnS薄膜的晶体结构、化学组分、光学特性等进行表征。结果表明:所制备ZnS薄膜为富硫贫锌,结晶质量良好,为(002)晶面择优取向生长。能量密度为7.5 J/cm~2、重复频率为2 Hz是生长高质量ZnS薄膜的条件,其所制备的ZnS薄膜为纤锌矿结构,结晶程度最高,择优取向度最高(189.2),Zn/S摩尔比值接近化学计量比,堆积密度最大(0.967),可见光透过率高,禁带宽度为3.55 eV。     

不同溅射功率制备的Zn0.97Co0.03O薄膜的结构和光学性质研究

采用磁控溅射法在不同射频功率下制备了Zn_(0. 97)Co_(0. 03)O薄膜。利用X射线衍射(XRD)、拉曼光谱(Raman)、紫外-可见光谱和室温光致发光谱对薄膜进行了表征。XRD和Raman结果表明,Zn_(0. 97)Co_(0. 03)O薄膜为六方纤锌矿结构,沿(002)晶面择优取向。随着溅射功率的增大,薄膜的(002)晶面择优取向增强,晶化程度提高,晶粒尺寸增大。不同溅射功率制备的Zn_(0. 97)Co_(0. 03)O薄膜均具有较高的可见光透过率。随溅射功率增加,光学带隙减小,光吸收边红移。光致发光谱表明不同溅射功率制备的Zn_(0. 97)Co_(0. 03)O薄膜均具有较强的带边紫外发光峰。随着溅射功率的增加,该发光峰的峰位发生红移,且峰强度增强。以上研究结果表明,溅射功率对Zn_(0. 97)Co_(0. 03)O薄膜的生长速率、结晶质量及光学性能有明显影响,但不会影响薄膜的成分。     

制备工艺对ITO薄膜的电阻率及沉积速率的影响

采用射频磁控溅射法制备了氧化铟锡[ITO,In2O3:SnO2=90:10(质量比)]薄膜,详细探讨了溅射气氛氧氩体积比、溅射功率及溅射气压对ITO薄膜电阻率和沉积速率的影响。结果表明:溅射工艺参数对ITO薄膜电阻率和沉积速率的影响十分明显。随着氧氩体积比的增大,样品的电阻率显著增大,沉积速率下降;随着溅射功率的增加,ITO薄膜的电阻率先减小后略微增大,沉积速率上升;随着溅射气压升高,ITO薄膜的电阻率先减小后增大,当溅射气压增大到较大值时,ITO薄膜的电阻率又开始减小,而沉积速率则先上升后下降。     

硫化锡薄膜制备及其在染料敏化太阳能电池中应用研究

硫化锡薄膜是一种重点研究的染料敏化太阳能电池对电极材料。采用低温沉积技术制备硫化锡薄膜。采用SEM、TEM、XPS表征硫化锡薄膜的形貌结构以及元素和价态。结果分析表明,在FTO上可直接获得硫化锡薄膜,且呈现出片状结构。通过调控二水合氯化亚锡和硫代乙酰胺的摩尔比,有效调控其表面形貌。电化学测试表明,当二水合氯化亚锡和硫代乙酰胺的摩尔比为1∶1时,硫化锡薄膜展现出较好的电催化性能。以硫化锡薄膜为对电极,组装染料敏化太阳能电池,并测试其电流密度-电压曲线。结果表明,电池器件光电转换效率达到3.14%。可见,采用低温沉积技术制备的硫化锡薄膜可作为非铂对电极材料,具有广阔的应用前景。     

衬底温度对ZnO:Al薄膜结构和性能的影响

利用射频磁控溅射法采用氧化锌铝(98%ZnO+2%Al2O3)为靶材在普通载玻片上制备了ZAO(ZnO:al)薄膜,研究了衬底温度对薄膜晶体结构,电学和光学性能的影响.利用X射线衍射仪、场扫描电镜对薄膜的结构及表面形貌进行了分析,利用分光光度计和电阻测试仪分别测试了薄膜的光电学性能.结果表明,衬底温度对薄膜结构及光电学性能影响最大.溅射功率120 W、衬底温度300℃、工作气压0.6 Pa制得的薄膜具有良好的光电学性能(可见光平均透过率为79.49%(考虑衬底的影响,电阻率为4.99×10-2 Ω·cm).     

原位退火对磁控溅射制备的ZnS薄膜微结构和发光性能的影响

采用射频磁控溅射技术在玻璃衬底上制备了系列ZnS薄膜,利用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和荧光分光光度计研究了Ar气氛中300～500℃原位退火对薄膜微结构和发光性能的影响.结果表明,退火温度对ZnS薄膜的结晶性能和晶粒大小的影响不大,但会显著影响其发光特性.低温退火处理的薄膜的PL谱具有多个发光峰,...     

Preparation and characterization of ZnS thin films prepared by chemical bath deposition

Zinc sulfide thin films were prepared by chemical bath deposition technique using zinc sulfate (ZnSO₄·7H₂O) and thiourea [SC(NH₂)₂] as sources of Zn²⁺ and S^2– ions, and ammonia (NH₃) and hydrazine hydrate (N₂H₄) as complexing agents. The structural, stoichiometric proportion, morphology and optical properties of the ZnS thin films were investigated as a function of thiourea and ammonia concentrations using X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and UV-visible spectrophotometry measurements. The deposition mechanism is discussed. The results reveal that the ZnS films exhibit poor crystallinity. The ammonia concentration had an obvious effect on the surface morphology, optical properties and deposition mechanism. The S/Zn atomic ratio and optical bandgap of the ZnS thin films first increased and then decreased with increasing ammonia or thiourea concentration.     

射频磁控溅射法在柔性聚酰亚胺衬底上制备ZnS薄膜及其特性研究

为使Ⅱ-Ⅵ族化合物ZnS薄膜具有可弯曲性,选用柔性的聚酰亚胺作为衬底材料,用射频磁控溅射法沉积ZnS薄膜,对所制备薄膜的结晶结构、组分和光学特性进行分析.实验结果表明,所制备薄膜为结晶态的闪锌矿ZnS结构,择优取向为(111)晶面,晶粒尺寸为25.6 nm.薄膜组分接近化学计量比,并具有少量的S损失.薄膜在可见光区和近红外光区的平均透射率分别为82.0％和90.5％,透光特性良好.作为对比,在钠钙玻璃衬底上溅射的ZnS薄膜的结晶度高于聚酰亚胺衬底薄膜,但其透射率略低于柔性ZnS薄膜.实验结果表明了用磁控溅射法在柔性聚酰亚胺衬底上制备ZnS薄膜的可行性.     

退火温度对电子束蒸发的ZnS薄膜性能的影响

为了获得光电性能好的ZnS窗口层薄膜,采用电子束蒸发法在玻璃基片上沉积ZnS薄膜,研究退火温度(200~500℃)对ZnS薄膜的结构和光电性能的影响。结果表明:所制备的薄膜均为闪锌矿结构的β-ZnS多晶薄膜,导电类型为n型。随着退火温度的增高,薄膜结晶度和光电性能都变好。但是,当退火温度过高(500℃)时,薄膜的半导体特性反而变差。退火温度为400℃时,ZnS薄膜的性能最佳,此时薄膜的透过率较高;电阻率较低,为246.2?.cm。     

反应式脉冲激光溅射淀积AlN薄膜化学稳定性研究

就反应式脉冲激光溅射淀积制备氮化铝薄膜的过程，讨论了激光脉冲能量密度及脉冲频率对所有制备薄膜结构性能的影响，并对薄膜的化学稳定性作了比较详细的研究，结果表明，当薄膜中存在有未反应的单质铝时，薄膜的化学稳定性较差。比较而言具有高取向性，择优生长的致密ＡＩＮ微晶膜的化学稳定性优于结构相对疏松的非晶膜。     

ZnS thin films deposition by thermal evaporation for photovoltaic applications

ZnS thin films were deposited on a glass substrate by thermal evaporation from millimetric crystals of ZnS.The structural, compositional and optical properties of the films are studied by X-ray diffraction, SEM microscopy, and UV-VIS spectroscopy.The obtained results show that the films are pin hole free and have a cubic zinc blend structure with (111) preferential orientation.The estimated optical band gap is 3.5 eV and the refractive index in the visible wavelength ranges from 2.5 to 1.8.The good cubic structure obtained for thin layers enabled us to conclude that the prepared ZnS films may have application as buffer layer in replacement of the harmful CdS in CIGS thin film solar cells or as an antireflection coating in silicon-based solar cells.     

P-type ZnO thin films prepared by in situ oxidation of DC sputtered Zn3N2:Ga

The feasibility of a new fabrication route for N and Ga codoped p-type ZnO thin films on glass substrates, consisting of DC sputtering deposition of Zn3N2:Ga precursors followed by in situ oxidation in high purity oxygen, has been studied. The effects of oxidation temperature on the structural, optical and electrical properties of the samples were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), optical transmittance and Hall effect measurements. The results were compared to a control film without Ga. XRD analyses revealed that the Zn3N2 films entirely transformed into ZnO films after annealing Zn3N2 films in oxygen over 500 ℃ for 2 h. Hall effect measurements confirmed p-type conduction in N and Ga codoped ZnO films with a low resistivity of 19.8 Ω?cm, a high hole concentration of 4.6E18 cm3 and a Hall mobility of 0.7 cm2/(V s). These results demonstrate a promising approach to fabricate low resistivity p-type ZnO with high hole concentration.     

P-type ZnO thin films prepared by in situ oxidation of DC sputtered Zn3N2:Ga

The feasibility of a new fabrication route for N and Ga codoped p-type ZnO thin films on glass substrates, consisting of DC sputtering deposition of Zn3N2:Ga precursors followed by in situ oxidation in high purity oxygen, has been studied. The effects of oxidation temperature on the structural, optical and electrical properties of the samples were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), optical transmittance and Hall effect measurements. The results were compared to a control film without Ga. XRD analyses revealed that the Zn3N2 films entirely transformed into ZnO films after annealing Zn3N2 films in oxygen over 500 ℃ for 2 h. Hall effect measurements confirmed p-type conduction in N and Ga codoped ZnO films with a low resistivity of 19.8 Ω·cm, a high hole concentration of 4.6 × 1018 cm-3 and a Hall mobility of 0.7 cm2/(V·s). These results demonstrate a promising approach to fabricate low resistivity p-type ZnO with high hole concentration.