PS／LLDPE／SBS共混体系的研究

本文介绍机械共混法制备ＰＳ／ＬＬＤＰＥ／ＳＢＳ共混物，并对共混物的组成、相容性、形态的力学性能等进行了研究。由研究表明，ＬＬＤＰＥ在增容剂ＳＢＳ存在下对ＰＳ树脂起增韧改性作用，当ＳＢＳ的质量分类为５％（以ＰＳ＋ＬＬＤＰＥ１００份（质量）为基准），ＰＳ／ＬＬＤＰＥ为８５／１５（质量比）时，共混体系的冲击强度最大，为４．５ｋＪ／ｍ＾２，ＳＢＳ在ＰＳ／ＬＬＤＰＥ共混物中含量较少时，它主要分布在ＰＳ和ＬＬ     

2000年我国合成树脂展望

本文以最新的情报信息资料，全面地，系统地综述了我国１９９０－２０００年合成树脂ＬＤＰＥ，ＬＬＤＰＥ，ＨＤＰＥ，ＥＶＡ，ＣＰＥ，ＰＰ，ＰＶＣ（含ＰＶＤＣ），ＰＳ（ＧＰＰＳ，ＨＩＰＳ，ＥＰＳ），ＡＢＳ，ＡＣＳ，ＭＢＳ，ＳＢＳ等发展情况，新建装置，生产能力；近年来开发成功的新产品，特性及应用；并对合成树脂发展予以展望。     

特种高分子合金的相容性及对合金超滤膜性能的影响

本文研究了ＰＥＫ－ＳＰＳ，ＰＥＳ－ＳＰＳ，ＰＥＫ－ＰＥＳ三组合金的相容性，理论估算和实验方法都表明该三组合金均为部分相容体系。用该三组合金制备了超滤膜，得到了相应的通量，截留率与合金组份的关系。用ＰＥＫ－ＳＰＳ合金制得的超滤膜对ＰＥＧ－２００００的截留率可达９５－９８％。     

聚苯乙烯／聚乙烯共混体系的研究

讨论了不同第三组分和不同种聚乙烯对以聚苯乙烯为基质的ＰＳ／ＰＥ共混体系结构和性能的影响，发现苯乙烯－丁二烯－苯乙烯嵌段共聚物和苯乙烯－氢化丁二烯－苯乙烯嵌段共聚物作为第三组分对ＰＳ／ＰＥ共混体系均具有增容作用，用ＳＢＳ的效果比ＳＥＢＳ好，而ＳＢＳ的结构对增韧效果的影响不大。在ＳＢＳ存在下，ＬＬＤＰＥ对ＰＳ增韧效果最好，ＨＤＰＥ次之，ＬＤＰＥ最差。     

增容剂苯乙烯—乙烯／丁烯—苯乙烯三嵌段共聚物对LDPE／PS共混物形…

以苯乙烯－乙烯／丁烯－苯乙烯三嵌段共聚物（ＳＥＢＳ）作增容剂，用２种方法制备ＬＤＰＥ／ＰＳ共混物，均对混合物分散相颗粒尺寸和形态有影响，主要是由于界面现象，而不是流变行为，同时还计算ＳＥＢＳ／ＬＤＰＥ以及ＳＥＢＳ／ＰＳ共混物的相互作用能密度β，试验表明，随着ＳＥＢＳ中ＥＢ体积分数的增加，ＳＥＢＳ／ＬＤＰＥ共混物的β值减小，而ＳＥＢＳ／ＰＳ共混物的β值增加，并在ＥＢ体积分数约０．４５时两条曲线相交。     

国外合成树脂及塑料文摘

每期文摘的题目均按汉语拼音的顺序排列，英文按其字母顺序排列在汉字之前，数字开头的排在最前面。　　ＰＳ／ＰＢ松散共混物的冲击强度：相容化及断裂研究／Ｍａｔｈｕｒ，Ｄ．（美国）／Ｊ．Ａｐｐｌ．Ｐｏｌｙｍ，Ｓｃｉ．1999，72（9）：1151～1164（英）。研究了橡胶相的含量对聚苯乙烯（ＰＳ）和聚丁二烯（ＰＢ）共混物缺口冲击强度的影响，该共混物是用ＰＳＰＢ嵌段共聚物或ＰＳＰＢＰＳ三嵌段共聚物相容化的。研究了各种ＰＳＰＢＰＳ三嵌段共聚物对提高ＰＳ／ＰＢ共混物冲击强度的影响。对复合淬火产生的松散共混物进行了研究。观…     

本世纪未我国合成树脂发展概况

本文以最新的信息资料，介绍对我国１９９０－２０００年合成树脂ＬＤＰＥ、ＬＬＤＰＥ、ＨＤＰＥ、ＥＶＡ、ＣＰＥ、ＰＰ、ＰＶＣ（含ＰＶＤＣ）、ＰＳ、ＡＢＳ、ＡＣＳ、ＭＢＳ、ＳＢＳ的发展状况，新建装置，生产能力，以及年近来开发成功的新产品及应用等，并做了全面系统的分析和预测。     

聚苯乙烯共混聚丙烯树脂的熔融流变行为

文章研究了聚苯乙烯（ＰＳ）与聚丙烯（ＰＰ）共混物的熔融流变行为。采用索氏抽提法研究表明ＰＳ与ＰＰ产生了接技反应，ＰＳ用量在０～２０ｗｔ％范围内，１０ｗｔ％共混物接技量为最大，同时在ＰＰ中分散的ＰＳ粒径最小。随着ＰＳ含量的增加，减少了熔融粘度，组成－熔融粘度曲线在ＰＳ为１０ｗｔ％时略有所弯曲，通过接技反应，增大了ＰＰ粒子的范畴。     

新型抗静电涤纶的研制 Ⅱ.抗静电剂APPS的链结构与抗静电性能的关系及其抗静电机理

研究了抗静电剂ＡＰＰＳ分子中第三单体链段（ＰＳＩＰＥ）含量、ＰＥＧ链段含量及ＰＥＧ链段相对分子质量对ＡＰＰＳ抗静电性能的影响，同时探讨了ＡＰＰＳ的耐水洗性及其耐水洗的原因。利用扫描电子显微镜（ＳＥＭ）观察并分析了抗静电剂ＡＰＰＳ与ＰＥＴ共混后的形态结构和ＡＰＰＳ的抗静电机理。结果表明：ＰＥＴ－ＡＰＰＳ共混体系中二者呈不相容状态，ＡＰＰＳ以网络状均匀分布在ＰＥＴ基体中。ＰＳＩＰＥ链段对ＡＰＰＳ的抗静电效果影响最大，而ＰＥＧ链段含量、相对分子质量对其影响不明显。ＡＰＰＳ的耐水洗性优良而抗静电机理在于吸湿和离子导电的协同作用。     

熔融共混PPS／PEEK中PPS组分的结晶行为

采用熔融共混法制备结晶／结晶共混体系ＰＰＳ／ＰＥＥＫ，并用差示扫描量热法研究了不同ＰＥＥＫ含量和不同ＰＥＥＫ粒径对ＰＰＳ／ＰＥＥＫ共混物中ＰＰＳ组分结晶行为的影响。随ＰＥＥＫ含量的增加ＰＰＳ的结晶温度提高，结晶峰宽增加。这是由于在降温过程中ＰＥＥＫ先结晶，可充当ＰＰＳ熔体结晶的异相晶核，使ＰＰＳ结晶温度提高，且随着ＰＥＥＫ含量增加，异相晶核密度增大，但ＰＥＥＫ晶区的存在阻碍了ＰＰＳ的结晶生长过程，     

Novel reactive compatibilization strategy on immiscible polypropylene and polystyrene blend

Polypropylene (PP) and polystyrene (PS) are immiscible and incompatible. Since both PP and PS components possess no reactive functional group, reactive compatibilization of a PP/PS blend is impossible unless certain reactive functional groups are imparted to either PP or PS. In this study we provide a simple approach to reactively compatibilize the nonreactive PP/PS blend system by physically functionalizing PP and PS with the addition of maleic anhydride grafted PP (PP‐g‐MA) and styrene maleic anhydride random copolymer (SMA), respectively. An epoxy monomer, serving as a coupler and possessing four epoxy groups able to react with the maleic anhydride of PP‐g‐MA and SMA, was then added during melt blending. Observations of the finer PS domain sizes and improved mechanical properties support the plausibility of reactive compatibilization of this nonreactive PP/PS blend by combining physically functionalized PP and PS with tetra‐glycidyl ether of diphenyl diamino methane (TGDDM) in a one‐step extrusion process. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2008     

Grafting of polystyrene branches to polyethylene and polypropylene

Polyethylene (PE) and polypropylene (PP) were reacted with benzoyl peroxide (BPO) and 2,2,6,6‐tetramethyl‐1‐piperidinyloxy (TEMPO) to prepare PE‐TEMPO and PP‐TEMPO macroinitiators, respectively. Molecular weight of PP decreased, whereas that of PE increased during the reaction with the BPO/TEMPO system. Polystyrene (PS) branches were grafted to PE and PP backbone chains as a result of bulk polymerization of styrene with the PE‐TEMPO and PP‐TEMPO macroinitiators. A significant amount of PS homopolymer was produced as a byproduct. Weight of the resulting PE‐g‐PS and PP‐g‐PS increased with the polymerization time up to 20 h and then leveled off. Melting point of PE and PP domains in PE‐g‐PS and PP‐g‐PS, respectively, lowered as the content of PS in the copolymers increased. However, glass transition of the copolymers was almost identical with that of PS homopolymer, indicating that the constituents in the copolymers were all phase‐separated from each other. In scanning electron microscopy of the incompatible PE/PS, PP/PS, and PE/PP/PS compounded with PE‐g‐PS and PP‐g‐PS, any clear indication of enhanced adhesion between the phases was not observed. However, phase domains in the blends were, nevertheless, reduced significantly to raise mechanical properties such as maximum stress and elongation at break by 20–75%. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 83: 1103–1111, 2002     

Influences of compatibilization and compounding process on electrical conduction and thermal stabilities of carbon black‐filled immiscible polypropylene/polystyrene blends

The influences of styrene–butadiene–styrene (SBS) copolymer compatibilizer and compounding process on the electrical conduction and thermal stabilities of carbon black (CB)‐filled immiscible polypropylene (PP)/polystyrene (PS) (1/1) blends were investigated. The immiscible CB/PP/PS composite with CB homogeneously located in the PS phase exhibited the highest resistivity and the fastest variation amplitudes of electrical resistivity (ρ) and rheological parameters upon annealing. An optimal content of 5 vol% SBS could significantly lower ρ of the composites by partially trapping CB particles in the PP/PS interfacial region and by reducing the phase size. The compatibilizer markedly slowed down the variation amplitudes of ρ and rheological parameters and the phase coalescence of the composites submitted to thermal annealing. The (SBS/CB)/PP/PS composite with CB located at the PP/PS interface and in the PP phase prepared by blending a (SBS/CB) masterbatch with PP and PS exhibited lower ρ and better thermal stability in comparison with the CB/SBS/PP/PS composite with CB mainly within the PS phase and partially at the PP/PS interface prepared by direct blending. Spreading and wetting coefficients were used to explain the CB distribution and the phase morphology of the composites. © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry     

Surface Tension in Polymer Blends of Isotactic Poly(propylene) and Atactic Polystyrene

The surface tension of atactic polystyrene (PS), isotactic poly(propylene) (PP) and PS/PP‐blends, and additionally the interfacial tension between PP/PS have been measured in the temperature range between 200 and 280°C using the pendant drop method. Within the temperature range studied, the surface tension decreased linearly with increasing temperature for all systems whereas the surface tension of neat PP is approximately 7 mN/m smaller than the value of PS. The interfacial tension between PS and PP is in the range of approximately 4 mN/m and this indicates a strong incompatibility. It results a heterogeneous PP/PS blend morphology. A significant increase of the surface tension of the blends as a function of composition is observed only when the PS content exceeds 60 wt.‐%. Furthermore, microscopic observations indicate that even if the bulk matrix material is PS, a thin layer of PP can be detected by atomic force microscopy on the droplet surface used for surface tension measurements.     

Relationship between branch length and the compatibilizing effect of polypropylene‐g‐polystyrene graft copolymer on polypropylene/polystyrene blends

Three polypropylene‐g‐polystyrene (PP‐g‐PS) graft copolymers with the same branch density but different branch lengths were evaluated as compatibilizing agents for PP/PS blends. The morphological and rheological results revealed that the addition of PP‐g‐PS graft copolymers significantly reduced the PS particle size and enhanced the interfacial adhesion between PP and PS phases. Furthermore, it is verified that the branch length of PP‐g‐PS graft copolymer had opposite effects on its compatibilizing effect: on one hand, increasing the branch length could improve the compatibilizing effect of graft copolymer on PP/PS blends, demonstrated by the reduction of PS particle size and the enhancement of interfacial adhesion; on the other hand, increasing the branch length would increase the melt viscosity of PP‐g‐PS graft copolymer, which prevented it from migrating effectively to the interface of blend components. Additionally, the crystallization and melting behaviors of PP and PP/PS blends were compared. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014 , 131, 40126.     

聚丙烯/聚苯乙烯/超支化聚酰胺酯共混物及其纤维性能

以原位悬浮聚合法制备聚苯乙烯/超支化聚酰胺酯(PS/HBP)复合粒子,通过双螺杆共混挤出制备系列聚丙烯(PP)/PS/HBP三元共混物。运用傅里叶变换红外光谱仪对PS/HBP复合粒子进行分析,以偏光显微镜、差示扫描量热仪和锥板流变仪等仪器研究了PP/PS/HBP共混体系的相容性、聚集态结构、结晶性和流变性等性能,以万能材料试验机、红外染色机和电脑测色仪研究纤维的力学性能和染色性能。结果表明:PP、PS为热力学不相容体系,少量HBP的加入即可改变PP球晶结构,使球晶小而密,同时PS均匀分散在PP中;引入HBP使得PP的结晶结构有所完善,结晶温度和结晶度升高;引入PS/HBP复合粒子对PP纤维可纺性影响不大,表现为结构化黏度指数轻微升高,但共混纤维可拉伸性较纯PP有极大提高,力学性能有明显改善,染色性能也有显著提高。     

Morphology and mechanical properties of poly(propylene)/polystyrene blends compatibilized with polystyrene-block-poly(ethylene-co-propylene)

Compatibilizing effects of diblock copolymer polystyrene-block-poly(ethylene-co-propylene) (SEP) on the morphology and mechanical properties of immiscible blends of poly(propylene) (PP) and polystyrene (PS) were investigated. Notched impact strength, yield stress, elongation at yield and Young's modulus were determined as a function of different weight ratios of PP and PS and different amounts of added SEP as well. Scanning electron microscopy revealed a two-phase morphology of PP/PS blends, which exhibit poor mechanical properties. Even 2,5 wt.-% of SEP added to PP/PS blends can improve the notched impact strength and elongation at yield compared to non-compatibilized PP/PS blends. 10 wt.-% of SEP compatibilizer converted the brittle PP/PS blend to quite impactresistant polymeric material. Mechanical properties were improved because of the morphological changes and increased interfacial adhesion as a result of SEP localization between PP and PS phases. An analysis of yield stress data in terms of theoretical models showed that yield stress values of binary PP/PS blends can be predicted with Nielsen's model.     

PP／PS增容研究进展

总结了PP／PS复合材料增容的主要方法,包括接枝共聚物增容、嵌段共聚物增容、原位增容、无机填料增容等,并对PP／PS增容复合材料的应用作出了展望。     

Nonisothermal crystallization kinetics of polypropylene/polypropylene‐g‐polystyrene/polystyrene blends

The nonisothermal crystallization kinetics of polypropylene (PP), PP/polystyrene (PS), and PP/PP‐g‐PS/PS blends were investigated with differential scanning calorimetry at different cooling rates. The Jeziorny modified Avrami equation, Ozawa method, and Mo method were used to describe the crystallization kinetics for all of the samples. The kinetics parameters, including the half‐time of crystallization, the peak crystallization temperature, the Avrami exponent, the kinetic crystallization rate constant, the crystallization activation energy, and the F(T) and a parameters were determined. All of the results clearly indicate that the PP‐g‐PS copolymer accelerated the crystallization rate of the PP component in the PP/PP‐g‐PS/PS blends. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011