太阳能电池及其设备

以太阳能电池为代表的光伏产业是朝阳产业,目前它处在历史上最大爆炸式的成长期。2007年全球光伏产业市场212亿美元,2012年增长至709亿美元,2007～2012年年均复合增长率27.31%。目前太阳能电池处于以单晶或多晶硅为衬底的第一代产品,正在向以硅体或非晶硅(隐瓷或玻璃)为衬底的薄膜太阳能电池(第二代产品)过渡。目前太阳能电池的原材料多晶硅处于供不应求,预计2010年可得到缓得。     

太阳能电池的种类

介绍了太阳能电池的种类,并重点对单晶硅、多晶硅和非晶硅薄膜太阳能电池的制备和结构特点进行了介绍。     

太阳能电池测试分选设备运动控制系统设计

太阳能电池测试分选设备用于晶体硅太阳能电池的性能测试和自动分选。介绍了中国电子科技集团公司第四十八研究所开发的全自动晶体硅太阳能电池测试分选设备的系统构成,重点对该设备的运动控制系统进行描述。在该设备中,以进口可编程控制器(PLC)为核心,通过采用高精度运动控制模块实现对分选机各功能部件的高精度运动控制。     

太阳能电池即将进入普及期

上世纪70年代,因中东石油危机促进了太阳能电池的研究和开发。受一些系统条件制约,经过30多年的发展,太阳能电池仍不能作为普遍供电的主要手段。随着节能减排和绿色经济的兴起,作为新兴能源的太阳能越来越受到人们的重视。相     

改善太阳能电池的测试：加快开发和生产的关键

为了提高太阳能电池效率以及使每个独立电池与电池板结构相匹配，太阳能电池的开发和生产需要测试大量的材料和器件。     

全自动太阳能电池测试分选设备的研制

太阳能电池测试分选设备是晶体硅太阳能电池生产专用设备,可用于太阳能电池转换效率以及电性能参数测量。所有的测量结果可以自动分类,自动保存。该设备在测试系统设计、分选结构设计、步进电机精密驱动、高速数据交换和电气控制等技术方面达到较高水平。该设备具有全自动化,操作简便,测试精确,运行稳定,碎片率低、生产效率高等特点,性能完...     

2009年太阳能电池产量将增长56％

历经2008—2009年剧烈变化．太阳能电池产业正进入一个在政策导向、市场需求、技术演进与供应链均重新出发的全新时期。DisplaySearch于日前正式宣布发行DisplaySearch一份太阳能产业研究报告，该报告表示，尽管当前面对的是可再生能源项目需求减少。信贷市场紧缩和全球经济衰退，但是，2009年太阳能电池产量将增长56％。报告预测，电池制造能力今年将达到170亿千瓦，到2013年将超过420亿千瓦，增长率为49％。     

基于CFD的汽车液力变矩器输出功率测试系统设计

针对传统汽车液力变矩器输出功率测试系统受到误差影响,导致测试效果较差,提出基于CFD的汽车液力变矩器输出功率测试系统设计。根据系统硬件框图,采用STC15F2K60S2型号单片机作为内部集成主要芯片,为系统测试提供服务。采用LM2596型号的变压芯片设计输出功率变压模块,依据该模块设定技术指标。使用MAX4070型号放大器设计接口电路,改善系统测试出现的误差问题。根据软件流程对液力变矩器内部各个叶轮进行划分,采用CFD计算方法对每一次迭代过程中的独立方程进行求解,由此完成系统软件部分设计。由实验结果可知,该系统测试效果最高可达到85%,促进了汽车液力变矩器的发展。     

EL测试在光伏太阳能电池检测中的应用

为了满足客户对太阳能电池组件性能的更高要求,通过对电池片的EL测试,从来料方面进行把关,通过对层压敷设件和组件的EL测试,能够合理的控制由于工艺参数设置不当和人为因素引起的组件不良缺陷,从而能够将问题消灭在组件出厂之前,保证组件质量。同时,通过分析EL图像,也有助于完善和改进电池片以及组件的生产工艺,对太阳能电池的生产有重要指导意义。     

An excellent operating point tracker of the solar-cell power supply system

When the solar array is used as an input power source, the excellent operating point tracker is often employed to exploit more effectively the solar array as an electric power source and to obtain the maximum electric power at all times even when the light intensity and environmental temperature of the solar array are varied. Usually, the excellent operating point is determined by computing the electric power from the solar-array power supply with a microcomputer, digital signal processor, etc. However, such a method has the following problems: 1) complex control-circuit configuration; 2) high cost; and 3) low control speed. From this viewpoint, this paper proposes a new excellent operating point tracker of the solar-cell power supply system, in which inexpensive p-n junction diodes are used to generate the reference voltage of the operating point of the solar array. Using the proposed method, the high degree of the solar-array excellent point tracking performance can be obtained even when the light intensity and environmental temperature of the solar array are varied. Furthermore, this paper provides the operation principle, design-oriented analysis, etc., of the proposed solar-cell power supply system.     

Bottom-emitting VCSEL's for high-CW optical output power

Bottom-emitting vertical-cavity surface-emitting InGaAs MQW lasers operating in the 980-nm wavelength regime have been designed for high continuous-wave optical output power. Devices of 200-μm active diameter and optimized performance reach 350-mW maximum output power when mounted on a heat sink. 50-μm-size lasers produce 100 mW at 25% electrical to optical power conversion efficiency. Thermal properties and size dependent basic characteristics are investigated in detail     

A linear-high range output power control technique for cascode power amplifiers

In this paper a new linear power control technique is presented to control the output power of cascode power amplifiers. Using this technique the output power of power amplifier can be controlled from the maximum output power to −136 dBm, continuously. The characteristic of the output voltage versus control voltage is linear from −15.9 to 18.6 dBm (a range of 34.5 dB) of the output power. Also at this range the Amplitude Modulation to Phase Modulation (AM-PM) distortion is 43°. Furthermore, the input dynamic range is 0.373 V, which is less than the conventional techniques. Having a power controller in a low power path and a low input dynamic range leads to minimizing the controller dissipation and reduction of power added efficiency (PAE). The proposed technique is simulated using 0.13 μm CMOS process model using Advanced Design System and the results obtained are presented.     

使小功率He-Ne激光器获得低噪声稳功率输出的一种新型电子学装置

本文介绍了一种新型电子学装置,它可以使小功率He-Ne激光器输出功率稳定度达到0.5%,在声频范围的噪声与通常稳流电源相比,可降低20 dB.     

Integrated output power detection for AlGaAs laser array

A linear array of closely spaced AlGaAs lasers is mounted on an Si heat sink. Schottky diode detectors formed on the same Si chip provide optical sensing and electrical feedback signals for output power stabilization of the individual laser elements. The performance of a typical pair of adjacent devices is tested showing that electrical and optical crosstalk between lasers is virtually eliminated.     

提高紫外氦-镉激光器的输出功率

本文介绍了提高3250氦-镉激光器输出功率的一些方法和实验结果,在95厘米长的放电毛细管中获得单模输出功率15毫瓦左右。还介绍了在 He-Cd~+正柱中加入少量碘蒸气可提高激光输出功率。     

Fast measuring frequency-to-voltage convertor with DC output

A new frequency-to-voltage conversion scheme is presented, which offers fast dynamic response and nomially zero output ripple, even when operating with low-frequency inputs. Circuit simplicity and overall performance make this convertor highly suitable for low-frequency applications in instrumentation, measurement and control systems.<>     

放大器的额定输出功率

介绍国际标准、国家标准和行业标准对放大器额定输出功率的规定，对一些文章的概念混淆及个别产品的标识混乱进行分析并加以澄清。     

Vertical multijunction solar-cell one-dimensional analysis

The vertical multijunction solar cell is a photovoltaic device which may allow conversion efficiencies higher than conventional planar devices. A one-dimensional model of the device is presented here which allows a simple and straightforward analysis of device performance to be conducted. The analysis covers the derivation of device short-circuit current, saturation current, open-circuit voltage, and maximum power as a function of illumination spectra, device geometry, and device material properties.     

半导体激光器输出光功率的最佳值

本文分析了半导体激光器输出光功率与镜面反射率的关系,数值计算结果表明镀制介质腔控制正反镜面反射率可以得到最佳输出光功率.此外,分析表明减少腔内损耗,减薄有源层厚度和缩小条宽对输出功率都有显著的增加.