Investigation into mechanisms and kinetics of asphaltene aggregation in toluene/n-hexane mixtures

Determining the rate of asphaltene particle growth is one of the main problems in modeling of asphaltene precipitation and deposition.In this paper,the kinetics of asphaltene aggregation under different precipitant concentrations have been studied.The image processing method was performed on the digital photographs that were taken by a microscope as a function of time to determine the asphaltene aggregation growth mechanisms.The results of image processing by MATLAB software revealed that the growth of asphaltene aggregates is strongly a function of time.Different regions could be recognized during asphaltene particle growth including reaction-and diffusion-limited aggregation followed by reaching the maximum asphaltene aggregate size and start of asphaltene settling and the final equilibrium.Modeling has been carried out to predict the growth of asphaltene particle size based on the fractal theory.General equations have been developed for kinetics of asphaltene aggregation for reaction-limited aggregation and diffusion-limited aggregation.The maximum size of asphaltene aggregates and settling time were modeled by using force balance,acting on asphaltene particles.Results of modeling show a good agreement between laboratory measurements and model calculations.     

金属热膨胀对分馏塔和分馏塔楼梯间损坏原因分析及处理办法

本文分析了分馏塔塔体与热膨胀系数的关系、变形原因、处理方法。     

气体分馏装置扩能改造

对气体分馏装置的扩能改造进行了介绍,并阐述了SUPER-V1型塔板、溴化锂制冷等新技术在装置改造中的应用。通过生产实践表明,装置改造获得成功,取得了良好的经济效益。     

莺-琼盆地原油的蒸发分馏作用

根据油气分异作用与其组成变化的相互关系研究莺-琼盆地油气藏的蒸发分馏作用，从地质背景和油气及其烃源岩地化特征方面探讨其成因机制。研究表明．莺-琼盆地发育的大量泥底辟构造以及天然气幕式运移为油气蒸发分馏作用提供了基本地质条件。原油分异常高的苯、甲苯以及二甲苯等芳烃化合物．但低碳数烃类有损失；正构烷烃摩尔分数对数曲线上有明显的折点．表明其经历过强烈的蒸发分馏作用．并引起原油地化特征的差异。油气藏经蒸发分馏作用后将形成残余的富含芳烃的“母体”和运移聚积后富舍轻烃的“子体”．但目前发现的油气藏以前者为主．寻找“子体”油气藏将是下一步的勘探方向。图1参12     

气体分馏装置的节能优化

随着节能工作进一步开展,各种新节能设备和技术日趋完善。化工过程系统也陆续提出解决炼油等行业生产过程中如何更有效地回收能量提高能量利用率的问题,这一问题的解决对于生产中的节能降耗具有重要意义。通过对多套气体分馏装置的研究,利用过程能量集成技术对其换热网络进行节能优化,提出了热泵精馏的工艺。该工艺可靠,节能效果显著,且可行,并具有十分重要的意义。     

气体分馏装置的扩能改造

为了加工克拉玛依石化分公司日益增加的液化石油气,0．10Mt／a气体分馏装置改造中引用新型高效塔盘,在装置各塔塔径、塔高不变的条件下,加工量提高50％。在改造的同时,将安全、环保因素考虑其中选用无泄漏磁力泵、精准质量流量计来提高装置安全、环保水平。装置扩能改造运行1a后,对各项指标进行分析,效果好于设计值,加工量超过0．15Mt／a,并达到了节能的目的。