硅油微胶囊及其水性防覆冰涂料的制备与性能

采用细乳液技术制备了一种以二氧化硅为壳层的硅油微胶囊乳液.考察了乳液pH、表面活性剂组成和核壳比例等因素对微胶囊制备的影响,获得了稳定性好、固含量高达17.6%、以二氧化硅为壳层的硅油微胶囊乳液.将此硅油微胶囊乳液与丙烯酸乳液和颜填料混合配制成水性抗覆冰涂料,考察了硅油微胶囊含量和颜基比对涂层老化前后的水接触角和覆冰附...     

碳黑/PDMS超疏水涂层的制备及防冰性能 (急)

固体表面冰的形成和累积引起了一系列的安全问题同时造成了巨大的经济损失。因此，防冰对减少冰灾和经济损失具有重要意义。通过喷涂方法在基质上喷涂碳黑纳米粒子、聚二甲基硅氧烷 (PDMS)以及十七氟葵基三乙氧基硅烷 (PFDTES)的混合液制备了一种具有防冰性能的碳黑/PDMS超疏水涂层。碳黑使涂层具有微纳粗糙结构，PDMS作为粘合剂增加涂层的牢度，PFDTES赋予表面较低的表面能。所制备的涂层具有优异的超疏水性能，使水滴在表面结冰的时间延迟到160 s，是普通玻璃结冰时间的5倍多。同时，冰的粘附强度也大大的减小。此外，涂层还展现出优异的自清洁性能、耐酸、碱、盐腐蚀和耐紫外灯照射性能。     

纳米TiO2制备技术的进展和新型涂料产品的设计

介绍了纳米二氧化钛制备方法的研究进展以及工业应用过程中存在的问题，重点介绍了利用新型的微尺度反应技术--吸附法技术制备纳米TiO2的研究进展和技术优势。文中的最后介绍了纳米TiO2作为助剂在涂料工业中的应用，并提出了绿色环保复合涂料新的开发方向。     

A novel route for preparation of PVC sheets with high UV irradiation resistance

A novel acrylonitrile acrylate copolymer coating was proposed to improve the UV irradiation resistance of poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) sheets. Its effect on the photoageing properties of the sheets was evaluated by means of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), yellowness index test, and the oxygen permeability coefficient and mechanical properties measurement. The experimental results show that the novel acrylonitrile acrylate copolymer coating significantly improves the UV irradiation resistance of PVC sheets. Compared with the PVC sheets without coating, the coated PVC sheets show better mechanical properties, lower yellowness index, and smaller oxygen permeability coefficient after UV irradiation. The analysis on the SEM images of the PVC sheets indicates that the coating acts as a film to prevent the PVC sheets from UV energy and oxygen that can accelerate the photochemical reactions of PVC. The FTIR analysis confirms that the coating can slow down the microstructures development of the PVC sheets, also indicating that the coating impeded the photochemical reactions of PVC. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010     

纳米SiO2对丙烯酸罩光漆耐磨性的改性研究

经偶联剂表面处理的纳米SiO2,通过超声分散和离心处理后均匀分散在丙烯酸罩光漆中,制得了丙烯酸/纳米SiO2复合罩光漆。对该罩光漆漆膜耐磨性、附着力、磨损行为等进行了研究。研究结果表明:纳米SiO2对漆膜的摩擦行为及耐磨性等产生较大的影响,当纳米SiO2添加量为3.0%时,丙烯酸/纳米SiO2复合罩光漆漆膜的耐磨性可提高48.7%,漆膜的附着力、柔韧性、抗冲击强度等性能也得到明显改善。     

镁合金表面纳米Al2O3陶瓷涂层的制备及耐磨性研究

采用热化学反应法在MB2镁合金表面制备了含有纳米Al2O3粒子的陶瓷涂层。采用XRD分析了微米Al2O3陶瓷涂层和纳米Al2O3陶瓷涂层的相结构,并测试了这两种涂层的耐磨性及耐热冲击性。结果表明,微米级Al2O3陶瓷涂层磨粒磨损及黏着磨损耐磨性相对于镁合金基体分别提高了14%及47%,且涂层中有新相MgMnSiO4生成;纳米Al2O3陶瓷涂层耐磨性及耐热冲击性优于以微米粒子制备的陶瓷涂层,磨粒磨损及黏着磨损耐磨性相对于基体分别提高了55%及100%,涂层中产生新相Mg2SiO4和Al2SiO5。     

Morphology control of a silicon nitride thick film derived from polysilazane precursor using UV curing and IR heat treatment

Silicon nitride (Si₃N₄) has excellent thermo-mechanical properties, and can be used as heat dissipation substrate for various devices. Si₃N₄ thin films are generally synthesised by chemical vapour deposition (CVD) or plasma-enhanced CVD. The use of polysilazanes (PSZs) as a precursor to the synthesis of Si₃N₄ has attracted significant attention because of their high mouldability and processability. In this study, Si₃N₄ thick films were prepared on silicon wafers or aluminium substrates by a spin- or dip-coating liquid PSZ, followed by UV curing and IR heat treatment under various conditions. The effects of the heat treatment conditions on the Si₃N₄ thick film surface were analysed by optical microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy. An almost single phase of Si₃N₄ was synthesised successfully on the single crystalline silicon with UV curing at 400°C for 30 min and IR heating at 800°C in N₂ atmosphere.     

Design and preparation of composite coatings with increased reflectivity under high-energy continuous wave laser ablation

High-energy continuous wave (CW) laser ablation can cause severe damage to structural materials in an extremely short time, which generates considerable concern in terms of material safety. For the purpose of reducing or even eliminating such laser-induced damage, a novel composite coating consisting of a boron-modified phenolic formaldehyde resin incorporating ZrC and SiC has been designed and prepared. The experimental results reveal that ZrC and SiC are rapidly oxidized to ZrO₂ and SiO₂ respectively, leading to the formation of a white ceramic layer consisting of ZrO₂ particles and melted SiO₂. After ablation at 1000 W/cm² for 50 s, elemental analysis indicates that no Si can be found in the central ablation zone because of gasification. A relatively compact ZrO₂ layer is formed through the sintering of adjacent ZrO₂ particles, which effectively improves the reflectivity of the coating from 7.3% (before ablation) to 63.5% (after ablation). The high reflectivity greatly reduces the absorption of laser energy. In addition, no obvious ablation defects are observed in the composite coating. The excellent anti-laser ablation performance of the coating makes it a promising system for protecting a material against the effects of long-term CW laser ablation.     

超疏水仿生水泥路面防覆冰设计及模型试验

借鉴荷叶表面微构造特征,基于超疏水仿生理念,通过微纳米路表构建与超疏水涂层设计相结合,对传统水泥路面表层进行防覆冰、易除冰复合设计;分析超疏水材料的作用机理以及在路面应用的可行性,制备由主体结构混凝土层和超疏水-防覆冰层组成的路面板结构模型.对比超疏水路面和普通水泥路面表层的水滴接触角大小,分析其路面疏水性能;利用自主设计的“摆锤式附着强度”测试装置以及劈裂实验法测试试件“冰-路”附着强度.结果表明:对比普通水泥路面,超疏水-防覆冰路面表现出优良的超疏水性能,冰与路面的附着力大大降低,试验中残留附着冰的质量以及冰与路面的劈裂强度分别是普通水泥路面的36.80％和27.36％.     

Pool boiling fouling and corrosion properties on liquid‐phase‐deposition TiO2 coatings with copper substrate

Fouling on the heat transfer surfaces of industrial heat exchangers is an intractable problem, and several techniques have been suggested to inhibit fouling. Surface coatings are of such techniques by which the adhesion force between fouling and heat transfer surface can be reduced with low surface free energy thin films. In this article, liquid phase deposition was applied to coat titanium dioxide thin films on the red copper substrates with film thickness in micro‐ or nano‐meter scale. Coating thickness, contact angle, roughness, surface topography, and components were measured with X‐ray diffraction, contact angle analyzer, stylus roughmeter, scanning electron microscopy, and energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy, respectively. Surface free energy of coating layers was calculated based on the contact angle. Heat transfer and fouling characteristics in pool boiling of distilled water and calcium carbonate solution on coated surfaces were investigated. Heat transfer enhancement was observed on coated surfaces compared with untreated or polished surfaces due to the micro‐ and nano‐structured surfaces which may increase the number of nucleation sites. The nonfouling time on the coated surfaces is extended than that on the untreated or polished surfaces due to the reducing of the surface free energy of coated surfaces. Corrosion behavior of coated surfaces soaked in the corrosive media of hydrochloric acid, sodium hydroxide alkali, and sodium chloride salt solutions with high concentration at room temperature a few hours was also explored qualitatively. Anticorrosion results of the coated surfaces were obtained. The coatings resisted alkali corrosion within 7.2 × 10⁵ s, acidic corrosion within 3.6 × 10⁵ s and salt corrosion within 2.16 × 10⁶ s. The present work may open a new coating route to avoid fouling deposition and corrosion on the heat transfer surfaces of industry evaporators, which is very important for energy saving in the related industries. © 2010 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2011     

热浸镀彩色锌-锰层的组织结构和耐蚀性

采用热镀锌技术在Q235碳钢上制备彩色Zn–Mn层。研究了镀液中Mn的质量分数对Zn–Mn镀层外观、微观结构和耐蚀性的影响。结果表明,Mn的添加能够抑制粗大的块状ζ-FeZn13相生长,促进致密δ-FeZn10相的生长,令镀层组织更均匀、致密,耐蚀性提高。在Mn的质量分数为0.3%的镀液中得到的Zn–Mn镀层的耐蚀性最佳。     

光活性二氧化钛涂层的研究与制备

本文介绍了制备光活性TiO2涂层的两种主要方法，并就一些影响因素进行了简单的讨论。     

抗静电耐磨涂层的制备及性能研究

采用低黏度环氧树脂为胶粘剂,以石墨、硫酸钡、炭黑为填料,制备了抗静电耐磨涂层,考查了填料的含量及种类对涂层的磨耗性能、导电性能的影响。结果表明,石墨和硫酸钡具有良好的协同减磨作用,配合使用可以有效地减少磨损量,改善耐磨性;复合涂层的导电性能受到填料种类的影响,采用石墨-硫酸钡-炭黑填料的复合涂层具有更优的导电性能,该涂层可用于复合材料托辊的制造.     

紫外固化粉末涂料的合成及固化研究

用E-12、E-20环氧树脂与丙烯酸反应,合成了可紫外光固化的环氧丙烯酸酯预聚物,并对产物进行固化研究。讨论了催化剂的种类、反应温度、反应时间等对合成产物的影响,光引发剂的种类、光照时间等对固化产物的影响。结果表明:环氧树脂与丙烯酸以甲苯为溶剂、四丁基溴化铵为催化剂,在110℃下反应180 min为较适宜的反应条件;环氧丙烯酸酯以TPO为引发剂,120 w/cm的紫外灯光照15 s为较宜适的固化条件。     

High-temperature oxidation and wear resistance of WC-Co based coatings with WB addition

A new type of WC-based coating with high oxidation- and wear-resistance at elevated temperature was fabricated by thermal spraying the pre-treated WC-Co powder doped with WB. Addition of WB led to in situ formation of WCoB, which acted as a substitute for Co in the powders and the resultant coatings. It was shown by thermal analysis that WCoB has obviously higher oxidation resistance at high temperatures than that of WC and Co. Thus, the oxidation of the WC-WCoB coating was mainly initiated from WC, rather than from Co in the conventional WC-Co coatings. Most of WCoB was preserved in the coating after high-temperature wear tests. Particularly, with an addition of 40 wt.% WB, the wear rates of the WC-Co coating were dramatically decreased by 90% and 77% at the room and elevated temperatures, respectively.     

SnO_2-TiO_2复合氧化物的制备、表征及日光催化研究

采用水热法,在温和的条件下制备了具有较高光催化活性的SnO2-TiO2复合光催化剂,在太阳光照射下以罗丹明B的光降解为模型反应研究了其光催化活性。结果表明,掺Sn 0.3%的TiO2日光催化活性比纯TiO2的明显提高。用FT-IR、TG-DTA和XRD等进行了性能表征。     

A review on the preparation and application of BN composite coatings

Hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) is a kind of functional ceramic material with excellent physical and chemical properties. This paper analyzes it from the aspects of mechanical, thermal, electrical and wetting properties. However, the high melting point of hexagonal boron nitride makes it difficult to prepare coating materials by traditional sintering process. This paper summarizes several processes for preparing h-BN composite coatings. Then, several application forms of h-BN composite coatings are reviewed according to the characteristics of h-BN composite coatings, and the future application prospects of h-BN coatings are forecasted in view of the existing problems.     

基于静电纺丝技术制备Cu2+掺杂TiO2纳米纤维的研究

以聚苯乙烯溶液为络合剂与钛酸丁脂/醋酸铜混合制得前驱体,采用静电纺丝法制得聚苯乙烯(PS)/钛酸丁脂[Ti(OC4H9)4]/醋酸铜[Cu(CH3COO)2·H2O]复合纤维,经焙烧后得到均一直径、具有较高比表面积和多孔结构的TiO2/CuO复合纳米纤维.对所制得的纳米纤维的结晶度、表面形貌,分别采用X射线粉末衍射、红外光谱( IR) 、扫描电镜(SEM) 等分析测试手段进行了表征.结果表明,煅烧温度、PS浓度、钛酸丁脂浓度对纤维的直径和形貌有很大影响.     

电沉积制备Ni-W-Al2O3纳米复合镀层的初步研究

初步研究了电沉积Ni-W-Al2O3纳米复合镀层的制备工艺。考察了纳米粒子的分散方式、纳米粒子在镀液中的浓度以及镀液温度对沉积速度、复合量及镀层形貌的影响。结果表明:纳米粒子加入镀液前超声分散1h、施镀时对镀液采用超声搅拌效果最佳;纳米粒子在镀液中的含量为15g/L时沉积速率最大,为2.88g/(dm2·h);镀液温度为75~80°C时沉积速率较大且较稳定,且当施镀温度为75°C时镀层表面均匀有光泽,呈银白色。     

Performance of polyester and modified polyester coil coatings exposed in different environments with high UV radiation

Coil coating is a continuous strip coating technology, which enjoyed rapid growth. It provides a cost-effective method of applying a coating to a metal substrate with a low solvent emission, and nowadays paints of different nature are applied this way on a range of metal substrates, for a large variety of products and uses.

Coil coatings can be more or less degraded by high UV radiation. However, differences in distribution of light intensity as a function of wavelength between exposure environments, can lead to significant differences in the degradation results, depending on coating nature. In this work, the behaviour of polyester and silicone polyester coatings exposed in three different high UV environments (natural atmosphere and two accelerated UV tests), was studied. Coatings of two different colours (blue and brown) were considered for each paint system. Colour change, gloss and chalking measurements and, visual inspections of coating defects were carried out. In order to explain their corresponding performance, chemical changes on coil coated exposed surfaces were studied by to Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy equipped with a photoacustic detector (PAS/FTIR).