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A benchmarking evaluation instrument was designed with a European Union country regulatory authority for water supply and wastewater treatment services to determine the efficient operating cost of its service providers that operated in the wholesale market segment in the 2017–2021 period. To this end, the non-parametric Data Envelopment Analysis technique was adapted to a robust and conditional approach. The results point to similar mean efficiency scores between water supply and wastewater services in the five-year period, despite the greater heterogeneity in the latter. Furthermore, the estimated potential cost savings for both services ranged from about 2% to 3%. 相似文献
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Regulators often use Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) to create a pseudo-competitive environment for sectors with natural monopolies. In this paper, we look at the characteristics of the method used by the Danish water regulator to account for differences in the companies’ environmental conditions and propose adjustments to this method. Second stage analysis reveals significant correlations between the efficiency scores and these external factors, indicating that the currently used method is insufficient. To explain this, we develop a new second stage analysis, using permutation-based approaches, where we account for the distribution of the DEA assigned multipliers. 相似文献
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Xiancun Hu 《Construction Management & Economics》2017,35(11-12):693-706
Eco-efficiency as an important indicator for sustainability assessment can describe an integrated manner of economic growth, resource conservation and environmental protection. However, the current research could not correctly assess eco-efficiency and mostly utilize qualitative methods. This paper presents a new method called slacks-based Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) to assess eco-efficiency based on directly and systematically dealing with the slacks of reducing resource consumption and minimizing environmental impacts, together with adding production value. Two DEA models are respectively, defined using inter-temporal and window benchmark techniques, so as to compare eco-efficiency results in temporal and spatial dimensions and then identify production benchmarks and gaps. Efficiency change and technological change, which are two driving forces for eco-efficiency change, are also investigated through a production-theoretical decomposition analysis. Data from the Australian construction industry from 1990 to 2013 are employed to specify the two DEA models. The research results illustrate that the construction industries in the Australian regions showed significant increases in eco-efficiency during the research period, but the gaps among them were increased due to the severe underperformance of technological change. This research primarily provides a innovative pathway for accurate eco-efficiency assessment and quantitative identification of reducing resource consumption, minimizing environmental impacts and adding production value. The developed research framework is generic and can assist worldwide construction projects, organizations and industries to measure, compare and assess eco-efficiency systematically. 相似文献
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Measuring and comparing the efficiency of water utility companies: A data envelopment analysis approach 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
This study provides an analysis of Italian water utilities to determine the effects on their efficiency of certain relevant variables that have been broadly discussed in the existing literature. We reviewed the annual financial statements of 43 Italian water utility companies and obtained other technical data from Co.n.vi.r.i., the Italian national authority for water. Using data envelopment analysis we assessed their cost efficiencies and, using non-parametric statistic methods, we discuss the significant differences among clusters.We found that ownership structure, size and geographical location had an impact on the performance of water utilities, although with different degrees of significance. 相似文献
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In this paper, we measure the technical efficiency for local electricity distribution firms in Sweden, and in particular how small and micro-scale generation affects efficiency scores. Using a two-stage data envelopment analysis to model the technical efficiency and a double bootstrap approach to estimate the determinants of inefficiencies, we show that firms are heterogeneous in terms of inefficiency, but that a large share of small and micro-scale generation is not associated with more inefficient operations. 相似文献
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The outbreak of COVID-19 led to restrictions on movements and activities, which presented a serious challenge to the resilience of the water sector. It is essential to understand how successfully water companies responded to this unprecedented event so effective plans can be built for future disruptive events. This study aimed to evaluate how the water sectors in the UK and Ireland were affected from a holistic sustainability and resilience-based perspective. Using pre-COVID data for 18 indicators of company performance and comparing them to the first year of the pandemic, the direction and magnitudes of change varied across companies. Financial indicators were significantly negatively affected, with interest cover ratio, post-tax return on regulated equity, and operating profit, exhibiting the greatest average declines of 21%, 21%, and 18%, respectively, a trend that would be dangerous to provisions and company operations if continued. Despite this, service and environmental indicators improved during the first year of the pandemic, exemplified by unplanned outage, risk of sewer storm flooding, and water quality compliance risk decreasing by a mean average of 37%, 32%, and 27%, respectively. Analysis using the Hicks-Moorsteen Productivity Index concluded that average productivity increased by 35%. The results suggest that the water sector was relatively resilient to the COVID-19 pandemic in terms of services, but adverse effects may have manifested in a deteriorated financial position that could exacerbate future challenges arising from exogenous pressures such as climate change. Specific advice for the UK water sector is to scrutinize non-critical spending, such as shareholder payments, during periods of economic downturn to ensure essential capital projects can be carried out. Although results are temporal and indicator selection sensitive, we recommend that policy, regulation, and corporate culture embrace frameworks that support long-term resilience to since the relative success in response to COVID-19 does not guarantee future success against differing challenges. This study generates a timely yet tentative insight into the diverse performance of the water sector during the pandemic, pertinent to the water industry, regulators, academia, and the public. 相似文献
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This research evaluates the performance of water supply utilities operating at the retail level in Portugal concerning asset management practices. The study’s main innovative feature is identifying peers and targets to guide improvements in the sector. Reliable data collected by the regulatory authority for water and waste services in Portugal (ERSAR) are employed to design two composite indicators reflecting different dimensions of asset management: operational conditions and management systems. Based on the Data Envelopment Analysis technique, the Benefit-of-the-Doubt model is employed in robust and conditional formulations. The role of the context on utilities’ performance is also investigated. The results show that the direct management model is unfavourable concerning developing structured management systems, whilst urban environments favour managerial advancement. Rural and semi-urban environments favour “good” operational results in infrastructures. The pool of peers obtained for each utility and the quantification of targets based on the observed achievements by those peers facilitates the search for industry best practices and promotes continuous improvement. Given the high heterogeneity in asset management performance within the sector, the utility-specific target-setting approach illustrated in this paper can support a regulatory policy review for determining more realistic goals. 相似文献
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Wen-Shing Lee 《Energy and Buildings》2008,40(5):891-895
Constructing an indicator to measure the effectiveness of energy management is important for energy agencies and authorities. This paper uses multiple linear regression method and data envelopment analysis to examine the effectiveness of energy management. First, the regression method using environmental factors is used to calculate the predicted energy usage intensity of each evaluated building. Data envelopment analysis is then employed to calculate overall energy efficiency, using the predicted energy usage intensity as output and the observed energy usage intensity as input. Data envelopment analysis can be further applied to measure the overall energy efficiency in details by examining environmental factors and management factors. Finally, the energy consumption of buildings can be measured to evaluate the effectiveness of energy management. Buildings examined as a case study in this paper are government office buildings in Taiwan. The results show that most of the buildings evaluated to report a higher predicted energy usage intensity have successfully used efficient energy management methods in energy saving. 相似文献
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中国建筑业全要素生产率的变迁:1996～2005年实证分析 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
采用基于DEA的Malmquist生产率指数对建筑业全要素生产率进行评价,发现1996～2005年建筑业全要素生产率年度平均增长率为0.5%,表明建筑业增长方式正由粗放式向集约式转变;建筑业全要素生产率由技术效率和技术进步共同推进,技术进步的贡献率稍大一些;技术效率增长率的波动表现出了较强的规律性,总体呈先下降后上升的趋势,尤其是最近几年来显著增强,对其进行了解释;技术进步增长率波动同样表现出了较强的规律性,总体呈先上升后下降的趋势,尤其最近几年来出现倒退,对其产生的原因进行探讨。最后,根据前文的分析,有针对性地提出一些政策建议,希望有助于建筑业全要素生产率的持续健康增长。 相似文献
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The North region has the largest presence of navigable waterways in Brazil, and the greatest potential for growth in container handling. However, the region lacks research on the performance of the region's port sector. This article aims to analyze the efficiency of the main container terminals in the North of Brazil, using the data envelopment analysis method (DEA). Based on this research, we seek to contribute to improving the efficiency of the analyzed terminals as well as the management of the local port sector. 相似文献
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This study focuses on the structural efficiency of 42 Indian regional airports over five years from 2014 to 2019. A two-stage data envelopment analysis (DEA) was applied to assess the structural efficiencies of airports. We find that distance to the closest airport, distance from the city centre, per capita income, accessibility and profitability of the airport significantly impact the structural efficiency scores. We also calculate the productivity growth of the sample airports over five years using the Malmquist Productivity Index. Airport productivity rankings and sources of inefficiency provide airport authorities and policymakers with valuable insights into the potential for improvement. 相似文献
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An integrated approach to measure the cost efficiency of the postal network of Universal Service Provider is proposed. An integrated approach enables the measurement of cost efficiency for delivery and non-delivery postal network units. The proposed approach is verified and tested on the postal network of the selected provider and the results were derived by using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). The results show that the main sources of inefficiency are inadequate allocation of resources relative to the network units. In addition, the study indicates that economies of scale have a positive impact on the efficiency of postal network units. 相似文献
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Mohammad S. El-Mashaleh Shaher M. Rababeh Khalied H. Hyari 《International Journal of Project Management》2010
The purpose of this paper is to utilize data envelopment analysis (DEA) to benchmark safety performance of construction contractors. DEA has been recognized as a robust tool that is used for evaluating the performance of business organizations. The proposed approach is deployed based on empirical data collected from 45 construction contractors. On a scale of 0–1.0, DEA analysis assesses the relative efficiency of every contractor relative to the rest of the contractors in terms of safety performance. For inefficient contractors, DEA analysis provides quantitative guidance on how to become efficient. 相似文献
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This paper investigates the technical efficiency of Japanese water supply and sewerage services using data envelopment analysis (DEA). We then apply regression analysis to explore the interactions between the efficiencies of water supply and sewerage services on both their own prices and those of the other service. All other things being equal, the results indicate a positive relationship between the efficiency of water supply services and the prices for sewerage services, but no relationship between the efficiencies of sewerage services and the prices of water supply services. 相似文献
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ABSTRACTEstimating productivity change and its determinants is of great importance when measuring the performance of a firm. A true random effect cost model was employed to measure the cost efficiency of water companies in England and Wales from 1993 to 2016. Subsequently, total factor productivity change was estimated and decomposed into cost-efficiency change, technical change, scale efficiency change, output effect and residual price effect. The results indicate that the English and Welsh water industry increased its productivity over the period examined at a rate of about 2.1%, and it was influenced primarily by technical change. The price reviews appear to have a positive impact on the productivity of water-only companies during the whole period examined. In the case of water and sewerage companies, the 1994 and 1999 price reviews had a positive impact on productivity, whereas the last two price reviews had an adverse impact. 相似文献
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In light of the reform of the Italian natural gas distribution introduced in 2007, this work performs a benchmarking and productivity analysis of distribution utilities, identifying the characteristics allowing greater efficiency. Using a Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and the Malmquist Productivity Index (MPI), we analyse the performances of utilities and compares them in terms of size, ownership (public or private), and maturity (pre or post-liberalization establishment). The results show that the more efficient utilities are mainly publicly owned and pre-liberalization established. Small and medium-sized utilities operate less efficiently than large ones, revealing the scale inefficiency of the sector. 相似文献
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综合运用DEA-BCC和相似SFA方法对2004-2010年中国建筑产业运营效率进行测度。研究发现,中国建筑产业运营效率在此期间呈现稳步增长趋势,除少数省份外,都有不同程度的增长;同时研究验证:地区经济发展水平、建筑产品需求程度和研发投入力度是建筑业有利的外部运营环境因素。 相似文献
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This study applies a two-stage network structure model to evaluate water service providers cost and operational performance embracing service quality variables. An empirical analysis of the Chilean water and wastewater industries over the 2010–2018 period is presented. Moreover, in the second stage of analysis, we analyzed the impact of a set of exogenous variables on the performance of water companies. Results revealed that the Chilean water companies had notable room to reduce costs and improve operational performance. Moreover, it was found that the public water provider performed better than fully private and concessionary water providers. 相似文献
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There are many different ways to regulate water utilities. By focusing almost exclusively on regulatory agencies, the literature has missed important alternatives regarding the mechanisms through which the general rules of the game, defined at the macro-institutional level, interact with operators organizing transactions at the micro-level. Building on recent developments in organization theory and on the distinction between property rights and decision rights, this paper explores the variety of arrangements, identified as ‘meso-institutions,’ providing these links. The analysis is substantiated through a comparative approach to the drinkable water systems in France, England and Whales, and the Netherlands. 相似文献