Different ratios of poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) and gelatinwere used to fabricate scaffolds for regeneration of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) layer. Physical and chemical characterizations were performed and the behavior of human RPE cells on the scaffolds was evaluated subsequently. An increase in gelatin content in the scaffold enhanced hydrophilicity, RPE cell attachment, proliferation, and spreading over PCL scaffolds. Granular and cytoplasmic expressions of RPE65 and Cytokeratin 8/18 markers confirmed the presence of RPE cells. It was believed that PCL/gelatin scaffolds could be used as substrates to replace RPE extracellular matrix to facilitate regeneration of RPE layer in retinal diseases. 相似文献
Polycaprolactone (PCL) blend with poly(hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) or poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate‐co‐3‐hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) dual‐leached scaffolds are prepared by using the solvent casting and salt–polymer‐leaching technique. The blending of the PHB and PHBV in PCL scaffolds results in decreased porosities of the scaffolds, and the water absorption capacities of the scaffolds also decrease. The compressive modulus of the PCL–PHB and PCL–PHBV dual‐leached scaffolds is greatly increased by the blending of PHB or PHBV matrix. An indirect cytotoxicity evaluation of all scaffolds with mouse fibroblastic cells (L929) and mouse calvaria‐derived preosteoblastic cell (MC3T3‐E1) indicates that all dual‐leached scaffolds are posed as nontoxic to cells. Both PCL–PHB and PCL–PHBV dual‐leached scaffolds are supported by the attachment of MC3T3‐E1 at significantly higher levels to tissue culture polystyrene plate (TCPS) and are able to support the proliferation of MC3T3‐E1 at higher levels to that cells on TCPS and PCL scaffolds. For mineralization, cells cultured on surfaces of PCL–PHB and PCL–PHBV dual‐leached scaffolds show higher mineral deposition than on TCPS and PCL scaffold.
The authors aimed to design nanofibrous (NF) scaffolds that facilitate odontogenic and osteogenic differentiation of human dental pulp-derived mesenchymal stem cells (DPSCs) in vitro. For this purpose, hydroxyapatite (HA)–loaded poly (L-lactic acid)/poly (?-caprolactone) (PLLA:PCL 2;1) blend NFs were prepared using the electrospinning method. Alizarin red activity and cell viability were evaluated by MTT assay, and SEM revealed the proliferation properties of NF scaffolds. QRT-PCR results demonstrated that HA-loaded PLLA/PCL can lead to osteoblast/odontoblast differentiation in DPSCs through the up-regulation of related genes, thus indicating that electrospun biodegradable PCL/PLA/HA has remarkable prospects as scaffolds for bone and tooth tissue engineering. 相似文献
With recent advances in developmental and stem cell biology, the application of stem cells in tissue engineering has received great attention and designing of suitable scaffolds to support cell growth, differentiation, and functional tissue organization are advancing toward effective tissue regeneration. Regeneration of the infarct myocardium after myocardial infarction (MI), which is caused by the abrupt occlusion of one or more of the coronary arteries in the heart is one of the most demanding aspects in tissue engineering. Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) can differentiate into many cell types and has been considered as a cell source for cardiac regeneration. In this regard, nanofibrous scaffolds received great attention in tissue engineering field due to their similarity in morphology to native extracellular matrix (ECM) and various scaffolds have been studied as cardiac patches over the previous years. In this study poly (ε-caprolactone) (PCL)/gelatin nanofibrous scaffolds were fabricated by electrospinning and embroyonic bodies (EBs) were formed using ESCs seeded on the nanofibrous scaffolds. SEM images revealed cell outgrowth from EBs and the spreading of cells over the nanofibrous scaffolds were observed. Immunocytochemistry results showed the cellular expression of cardiac proteins, namely α-actinin and connexin 43 on the nanofibrous scaffolds indicating the differentiation of EBs to cardiomyocytes. Results of our study showed that PCL/gelatin nanofibrous scaffolds can act as a promising substrate for differentiation of EBs to cardiomyocytes and could be applied for cardiac tissue engineering. 相似文献
In this study, porous scaffolds made of polycaprolactone (PCL)/β-tricalcium phosphate (BTCP) biocomposite were fabricated for bone tissue engineering (BTE) applications. The microsphere-aggregated scaffolds were prepared with various BTCP concentrations (10wt%, 20wt%, 50wt%) by the freeze-drying method. The porosity of obtained microsphere-aggregated scaffolds with various pore sizes was 80–85%, where this value was about 70% for the PCL/BTCP (50) sample with no microsphere formation. The results indicated that adding BTCP has enhanced mechanical strength, and the mineralization of PCL/BTCP composite scaffolds has been increased compared to the pure PCL scaffolds in simulated body fluid (SBF). The adhesion and proliferation of mouse bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (mMSCs) seeded onto PCL/BTCP scaffolds were enhanced compared to the PCL. In addition, in terms of differentiation, the incorporation of BTCP led to increasing the mineral deposition and alkaline phosphatase activity of mMSCs. The synergistic effect of using microsphere-aggregated scaffolds along with BTCP as a reinforcing agent in PCL biocomposite showed that these porous biocomposite scaffolds have the potential application in BTE. 相似文献
Polymeric biomaterials play a key role in enhancement of lengthy nerve regeneration and various types of scaffolds were used to pave the way for nerve regeneration. Electrospun fibrous scaffolds have special potential applicability in controlling the cell behaviors such as adhesion, growth, proliferation and function. This study attempted to design a conductive and porous fibrous scaffold containing polycaprolactone (PCL) and polyaniline (PANI) with controllable degradation rate by adding urethane groups in scaffold structures. FTIR and NMR analysis was used to characterize the chemical bonds. Morphology, porosity, conductivity and degradation rate of scaffolds were also evaluated. To assess the cell–scaffold interaction, PC-12 cell line was cultured on the scaffolds. Results showed that the degradation rate of composite samples significantly increased in 50 time period. It seems that these results suggest that the composite fibrous scaffolds having proportions of UPCL/PCL/PANI45:20:35 exhibit the most balanced properties that meet all of the required specifications for neural cells and possess a potential application in neural tissue engineering. 相似文献
Bone shows a radial gradient architecture with the exterior densified cortical bone and the interior porous cancellous bone. However, previous studies presented uniform designs for bone scaffolds that do not mimic natural bone's gradient structure. Hence, mimicking native bone structures is still challenging in bone tissue engineering. In this study, a novel biomimetic bone scaffold with Haversian channels is designed, which approximates mimicking the native bone structure. Also, the influence of adding graphene oxide (GO) to polycaprolactone (PCL)-based scaffolds are investigated by preparing PCL/GO composite ink containing 0.25% and 0.75% GO and then 3D printing scaffolds by an extrusion-based machine. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) is used for morphological analysis. SEM reveals good printability and interconnected pore structure. The contact angle test shows that wettability reinforces with the increase of GO content. The mechanical behavior of the scaffolds under compression is examined numerically and experimentally. The results indicate that incorporation of GO can affect bone scaffolds' Young's modulus and von Mises stress distribution. Moreover, the biodegradation rates accelerate in the PCL/GO scaffolds. Biological characterizations, such as cell growth, viability, and attachment, are performed utilizing osteoblast cells. Compared to pure PCL, an enhancement is observed in cell viability in the PCL/GO scaffolds. 相似文献
In this work, the authors report an effective one‐pot method to prepare poly(ε‐caprolactone) (PCL)‐incorporated bovine serum albumin (BSA)/calcium alginate/hydroxyapatite (HAp) nanocomposite (NC) scaffolds by templating oil‐in‐water high internal phase emulsion (HIPE), which includes alginate, BSA, and HAp in water phase and PCL in oil phase. The water phase of HIPEs is solidified to form hydrogels containing emulsion droplets via gelation of alginate induced by Ca2+ ions released from HAp. And the prepared hydrogels are freeze‐dried to obtain PCL‐incorporated porous scaffolds. The obtained scaffolds possess interconnected pore structures. Increasing PCL concentration clearly enhances the compressive property and BSA stability, decreases the swelling ratio of scaffolds, which assists in improving the scaffold stability. The anti‐inflammatory drug ibuprofen can be highly efficiently loaded into scaffolds and released in a sustained rate. Furthermore, mouse bone mesenchymal stem cells can successfully proliferate on the scaffolds, proving the biocompatibility of scaffolds. All results show that the PCL‐incorporated NC scaffolds possess promising potentials in tissue engineering application.
This study aims at identifying compositional and architectural (pore size and distribution) parameters of biocompatible scaffolds, which can be best suitable for both osteoblasts and endothelial cells to produce optimized 3D cocultured constructs. Spongy scaffolds are prepared using poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and gelatin (G) at different weight compositions (PVA/G range: 100/0–50/50, w/w) via emulsion and freeze‐drying. The higher the gelatin content, the larger is the volume occupied by higher size pores. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells and human mesenchymal stromal cells are independently differentiated on the scaffolds to select the best candidate for the coculture. The results of metabolic activity and histology on single platforms show both cell‐ and material‐type dependent outcomes. PVA/G 80/20 scaffolds are finally selected and allow the formation of mineralized matrix containing organized endothelial‐like structures. This study highlights the need for systematic investigations on multifactorial parameters of scaffolds to improve vascularized bone substitutes. 相似文献