激光淬火预处理后40Cr/T10A钢的固相焊接

探讨了结构钢40Cr与工具钢T10A待焊接表面激光淬火处理后进行固相焊接的可行性及影响因素。试验表明，钢的待连接面经激光淬火处理后，表层组织显著细化，然后在37-56．6MPa的预压应力、750-780℃的压接温度下，经5-7．5min短时保温即可实现接头抗拉强度达到母材强度的40Cr／T10A钢的固相焊接。     

TC4钛合金激光焊对接接头超塑变形显微组织

采用金相显微镜观察了钛合金激光对接接头超塑性变形前后各区域显微组织,并分析其形成机理.结果表明,变形温度的增加或应变速率的降低有利于TC4合金接头超塑变形,母材晶粒发生一定程度的长大,且α相的数量相对减小,而晶间β相数量逐渐增加,两相都有等轴化趋势;焊缝超塑性变形时,针状组织增厚成为片层状.变形过程中片层组织被打断,片层长度变短,具有球化的趋势;超塑性变形后焊缝截面显微硬度最大为380 HV,与变形前焊缝相比降低约50 HV,满足实际承载需求.     

不同组织超细化预处理下的异种钢超塑焊接

通过对40Cr/T10A钢试样及试样待焊面表层分别实施盐浴加热循环淬火、高频淬火及激光淬火的组织超细化预处理,探讨了钢待焊表面组织对40Cr/T10A异材恒温超塑焊(ISSW) 工艺及接头质量的影响.试验结果表明,钢待焊表面组织对ISSW接头的形成有重要影响.待焊面组织越细,ISSW所需焊接温度向低温区移动,初始应变速率向高应变速率区域移动,ISSW所需时间越短;即使待焊双方一方实施组织超细化,也可实现接头抗拉强度达到40Cr母材的强度,但ISSW所需压接时间稍长.ISSW属小变形焊接,接头变形主要集中在原界面附近的淬火区,且T10A侧的变形均大于40Cr侧.     

40Cr与QCr0.5的固态焊接接头显微组织分析

对40Cr待焊接面的表层实施激光淬火的组织超细化预处理后,将其与QCr0.5在焊接温度750~800℃、初始应变速率(2.5~5)×10-4s-1、预压应力56.6~84.9 MPa、焊接时间120~180 s的条件下,可实现二者异材的固态焊接,接头强度能够达到QCr0.5母材的强度。焊后对接头区的显微组织观测表明,焊接接头区的界面两侧显微组织连续,已经实现了良好的冶金结合;界面两侧近界面处的组织因C、Cr、Cu原子的扩散而发生了明显变化。     

TC4钛合金激光对接接头超塑变形显微组织研究

通过高温拉伸试验研究TC4钛合金激光对接接头超塑性变形,用金相显微镜观察了超塑性变形前后母材及焊缝显微组织,并测量了变形前后焊缝截面的显微硬度。结果表明:激光焊接接头能够承受高温拉伸,随着变形温度的提高或应变速率的降低,母材晶粒发生一定程度的长大,β与α两相比增加。在高温超塑性变形作用下,焊缝的针状组织增厚成为片层状,并发生局部区域球化。激光焊接接头性能优良,超塑性变形后焊缝截面显微硬度约380HV。     

焊接顺序对角接接头残余应力和变形的影响

基于热-弹塑性有限元理论,以ABAQUS软件为平台建立了焊接热固耦合有限元模型,利用Python语言编辑程序建立分析步,控制焊缝单元的按序填充,结合Fortran语言开发热源子程序,并对建模方法进行了有效性验证,结果表明:所建立的有限元模型能够准确地反映焊接残余应力与变形.基于所建立的有限元计算方法与板板角接接头有限元...     

激光淬火后40Cr与Cr12MoV固态焊接的工艺研究

利用对40Cr钢与Cr12MoV钢分别进行表面激光淬火预处理后进行固态焊接试验,探讨了焊接工艺参数（焊接温度、焊接时间、应变速率、保温过程等因素）对焊接质量的影响。焊接温度过低,拉伸强度不高,但焊接温度太高材料抗氧化性下降,同时对提高生产率、节能降耗产生不利影响。焊接时间过长,晶粒长大,接头强度降低。表面激光淬火使表层组织显著细化,超塑性机制得到充分发挥。试验结果表明：预压应力为56．6MPa,加热温度为800℃,焊接时间为5min,保温时间为10min可达到高质量的固相焊接。     

T22/TP310H异种钢焊接接头的显微组织分析

采用手工钨极氩弧焊,选用ERNiCr-3镍基焊丝,对T22/TP310H异种钢进行焊接。焊后利用光学显微镜、扫描电镜、X射线衍射仪及能谱仪对焊接接头进行了分析研究。结果表明:焊缝组织主要为胞状树枝晶,焊缝金属的组成相主要有奥氏体基体γ相、NbC和M23C6碳化物相。T22侧热影响区有任意分布的块状铁素体,也有呈条状聚合物的块状铁素体;TP310H侧HAZ中奥氏体晶粒粗化现象不明显。     

电场作用下40Cr/QCr0.5的超塑性固态压接

基于外加电场可改善材料的超塑性和钢与铜超塑性固态压接的可行性,将材料电致超塑性效应与固态压接技术有机结合以开发新的电致超塑性固态压接技术,具有重要的使用价值和工业应用前景. 结果表明,在非真空、无保护气氛下,预压应力为56.6 MPa,初始应变速率为1.5×10-4/s、压接温度为710～800℃、压接时间为0～8 min、电场强度为0～3 kV/cm时,40Cr/QCr0.5压接接头的抗拉强度达到甚至超过QCr0.5母材强度,QCr0.5侧接头胀大率不超过4%.当电场强度为3 kV/cm时,40Cr与QCr0.5的压接接头形成了良好的冶金结合.     

40Cr—9SiCr钢的超塑焊接工艺

４０Ｃｒ、９ＳｉＣｒ钢经预处理和表面处理后可在空气炉中实现超塑性固相焊接，其焊接工艺条件为：温度７７０～７９０℃、应变速率２～３×１０（－４）ｓ（－１）、预压力６０～８０ＭＰａ、时间３～７ｍｉｎ，焊接强度接近基材４０Ｃｒ钢强度     

Isothermal superplastic solid state bonding of 40Cr and Cr12MoV steels based on surface modification

Based on the feasibility of isothermal superplastic solid state bonding of 40Cr and Cr12MoV steels, the surfaces of both steels to be bonded were ultra-fined through high frequency hardening, then the superplastic solid state bonding were conducted, the microstructure and fracture surface of bonded joint were observed and analysed, and bonding mechanisms was researched. The experimental results show that with the sample surfaces of 40Cr and Cr12MoV steels after the high frequency hardening, under the prepressing stress of 56.6 MPa, initial strain rate of 1.5×10~(-2) min~(-1) and at the bonding temperature of 800-820℃, the superplastic solid state bonding can be carried out in about 3.5min, and the joint strength is up to that of 40Cr steel base metal and the radial expansion ratio of the joint does not exceed 6%. The superplastic solid state bonding parameter of both steels is within the ranges of the isothermal compressive superplastic deformation of Cr12MoV steel, and the deformation in Cr12MoV steel side near the interfacial zone of joint presents the characteristic of superplasticity. In bonding process, the atoms in two sides of joint interface have diffused each other.     

QCr0.5中间层与表面激光改性后的40Cr钢超塑性连接

经激光表面淬火预处理后的40Cr钢,进行预置QCr0.5中间层的超塑性焊接研究。结果表明,经激光淬火预处理后的40Cr钢与QCr0.5中间层待焊接面经仔细清洗,在预压应力56.6MPa、初始应变速率2.5×10-4s-1、焊接温度750～800℃的条件下,经120～180s短时压接,即可实现二者的超塑性连接,接头强度达QCr0.5母材强度,胀大率不超过6%。当预置中间层厚度小于2.5mm时,接头强度明显高于40Cr/QCr0.5超塑性焊接的。在焊接过程中,接头区界面两侧发生了明显的原子互扩散;QCr0.5铜合金发生了超塑性流变。     

待焊表面组织对异种钢超塑性焊接的影响

对40Cr／T10A钢试样及试样待焊表面分别用盐浴加热循环淬火、高频淬火及激光淬火的组织超细化预处理，探讨了钢待焊表面组织对40Cr／T10A异材恒温超塑焊（ISSW）工艺、接头组织及性能的影响。试验结果表明，钢待焊表面组织越细，ISSW所需焊接温度向低温区移动、初始应变速率向高应变速率区域移动、ISSW所需时间越短；即使待焊双方一方实施组织超细化，也可实现接头拉伸强度达40Cr母材强度的ISSW，但所需压接时间稍长。ISSW接头中存在着明显的“界面超细晶区”、“过渡区”等组织特征区域。     

1.6%C超高碳钢的电致超塑性压缩行为及其与40Cr钢的电致超塑性焊接

以热机械处理获得的超细晶1.6%C超高碳钢为研究对象,借助电致超塑性压缩试验研究了电场强度和初始应变速率对超高碳钢超塑性的影响,并探讨了其与40Cr钢电致超塑性焊接的可行性.实验结果表明,在压缩温度780℃、初始应变速率(0.5-5.0)×10-4 s-1,试样接正极环状电极接负极条件下,超高碳钢的应力应变曲线呈现出明显的超塑性压缩流变特征,其应变速率敏感性指数为0.46;当电场强度为3 kV/cm时,其超塑稳态流变应力降低10%以上.在焊接温度780℃、初始应变速率1.5×10-4 s-1、预压应力56.6MPa、电场强度3 kV/cm条件下,超高碳钢与40Cr钢实现了电致超塑性焊接,其接头拉伸强度达到533 MPa,比不加电场时增加15%.     

Superplastic solid state welding steel and copper alloy based on laser quenching of steel surface

Based on the feasibility of isothermal superplastic solid state welding of steel and copper alloy, the welded surface of steel surface was ultra-fined through laser quenching, and then the welding process tests between different base metals of 40Cr and QCr0.5 were made under the condition of non vacuum and non shield gas. The experimental results show that, with the sample surface of steel after laser quenching and that of copper alloy carefully cleaned, and under the pre-pressed stress of 56.6 -84.9 MPa, at the welding temperature of 750 -800 ℃ and at initial strain rate of (2.5 - 7.5) × 10-4 s-1 , the solid state welding can be finished in 120 - 180 s so that the strength of the joint is up to that of QCr0.5 base metal and the expansion rate of the joint does not exceed 6%. The plastic deformation of the joint was further analysed. The superplastic deformation of the copper alloy occurs in welding process and the deformation of steel are little.     

Superplastic solid state welding of steel and copper alloy based on laser quenching of steel surface

1　INTRODUCTIONThe copper and copper alloys possess a num ber of superior properties, such as excellent elec trical conductivity, excellent thermal conductivityand forming property, so the complex componentsof the steel, copper and copper alloy have comple mentary advantages on the economy and perform ance[1, 2]. But it is very difficult to realize the goodbonding of them by adopting routine fusion weld ing and braze because of a rather large difference inthe melting point, coefficient…