ASON域间路由的特点与应用

自动变换光网络（ASON）是传送网发展的趋势，而路由技术是整个ASON的核心技术之一。主要讨论了ASON域间路由的特点及其在网络中的应用。首先介绍了域的概念和网络的分缀与分层；然后讨论了ASON路由与IP路由的不同之处；接着讨论了ASON域间路由的特点，并对几种路由协议进行了分析，阐述了多层网络的路由问题；给出ASON域间路由在网络中的不同应用方式。     

ASON路由协议OSPF—TE的分析与仿真

自动交换光网络（ASON）通过在传统光传送网络中引入路由协议、信令协议来实现网络的智能化。文章对ASON路由协议——基于流量工程开放最短路径优先协议（OSPF—TE）的基本概念和工作机制进行了分析研究，并仿真了OSPF-TE的一些网络性能，并得到一些有益的仿真结果。     

智能OXC在ASON中的应用

IP与光技术的融合要求底层光网络具有高度的灵活性和可扩展性，产生了全新的ASON（自动交换光网络），智能OXC（光交叉连接）设备是ASON中的最关键的设备。文中简单介绍了智能自动交换光网络的概念、网络结构，详细分析了ASON中智能OXC矩阵硬件结构和OXC控制平面信令路由功能，最后讨论了智能OXC相关协议及扩展的GMPLS技术。智能OXC强大的光交换能力结合智能信息路由协议，必将与现有网络融合向全智能光网络发展。     

智能光网络路由技术

首先比较了智能光网络和传统IP网路由的不同点,接着分析ASON路由体系结构、需求和GMPLS对传统路由协议的扩展,最后提出了一种基于GMPLS的ASON路由模型。     

分层路由——新一代智能光网络的路由技术

近几年数据业务正在持续快速地增长，为了满足日益增长的带宽需要和不断提高的服务质量要求，光网络正朝着智能化的方向不断发展。智能光网络，特别是自动交换光网络(ASON)的提出代表了光网络的发展方向，成为下—代光网络结构的研究焦点。为了提高网络的可扩展性和灵活性，满足ASON面向连接的网络特性，ASON网络采用了分层路由技术，通过拓扑抽象将ASON网络的路由结构层次化，利用聚合的路由信息简化选路过程。分层的路由结构使得运营商能够屏蔽网络的内部细节，提高网络的安全性，并且可以任意配置网络内部结构，使整个光网络具有高度的灵活性和可扩展性。本文深入分析了ASON网络的分层路由体系结构和分层路由对域间接口的功能要求，详细地介绍了适用于ASON分层路由的DDRP路由协议，并讨论了基于DDRP的ASON分层路由的组网实现方案。     

不同网络技术融合的三种恢复机制的研究

介绍三种由不同网络技术融合的内层恢复机制:光恢复和MPLS TE FRR、SONET/SDH保护和IP路由、MPLS TE FRR和IP重路由.从恢复动作和所需备份容量的角度分别讨论这三种融合技术.     

分层路由-新一代智能光网络的路由技术

近几年数据业务正在持续快速地增长,为了满足日益增长的带宽需要和不断提高的服务质量要求,光网络正朝着智能化的方向不断发展.智能光网络,特别是自动交换光网络(ASON)的提出代表了光网络的发展方向,成为下一代光网络结构的研究焦点.为了提高网络的可扩展性和灵活性,满足ASON面向连接的网络特性,ASON网络采用了分层路由技术,通过拓扑抽象将ASON网络的路由结构层次化,利用聚合的路由信息简化选路过程.分层的路由结构使得运营商能够屏蔽网络的内部细节,提高网络的安全性,并且可以任意配置网络内部结构,使整个光网络具有高度的灵活性和可扩展性.本文深入分析了ASON网络的分层路由体系结构和分层路由对域间接口的功能要求,详细地介绍了适用于ASON分层路由的DDRP路由协议,并讨论了基于DDRP的ASON分层路由的组网实现方案.     

基于GMPLS的自动交换光网络

主要讨论了自动交换光网络（ASON）中控制面的问题，首先对ASON的体系结构以及控制平面的接口机制进行了介绍，然后对GMPLS协议进行了描述和分析，并在此基础上详细分析了GMPLS在ASON控制平面路由和信令机制中的应用。     

自动交换光网络的控制平面路由技术

自动交换光网络（ASON）控制平面的路由协议是由传统的路由协议结合光网络的特点扩展而来的。传统的路由协议包括了OSPF，IS-IS和P-NNI协议，这里则讨论了光层路由协议的模型，对传统路由协议的扩展，以及路由协议的具体设计三个方面。对传统路由协议的扩展，主要包含了如下几个方面的扩展：光链路相关的定义、带外控制信道的支持、对光网络中保护和恢复功能的支持；对分层次路由的支持；对传送网分配地址的支持。在具体设计中，讨论了协议数据包和链路广播两个方面的内容。     

扩展RSVP-TE的路由排除策略

在实际应用中，以IP网为基础的通用多协议标签交换（GMPLS）控制平面的可靠性尚不能满足自动交换光网络（ASON）电信级的要求，针对这一情况，文章主要探讨了GMPLS信令RSVP-TE的扩展，为建立保护光通道实现路由排除功能，对排除路由对象（XRO，Exclude Route Object）和显示排除路由对象（EXRS，Explicit Exclude Route Subobject）两个对象进行了扩展。     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Teleportation of an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state under the controlling of M controllers

A new quantum protocol to teleport an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state from a sender to a fixed receiver under M controllers(M < N) is proposed. The quantum resources required are M non-maximally entangled Greenberger-Home-Zeilinger (GHZ) state and N-M non-maximally entangled Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pairs. The sender performs N generalized Bell-state measurements on the 2N particles. Controllers take M single-particle measurement along x-axis, and the receiver needs to introduce one auxiliary two-level particle to extract quantum information probabilistically with the fidelity unit if controllers cooperate with it.     

Diode-end-pumped Nd:YVO4/LBO lasers with 4.2W continuous-wave output at 457 nm

A continuous-wave (CW) 457 nm blue laser operating at the power of 4.2 W is demonstrated by using a fiber coupled laser diode module pumped Nd: YVO4 and using LBO as the intra-cavity SHG crystal With the optimization of laser cavity and crystal parameters, the laser operates at a very high efficiency. When the pumping power is about 31 W, the output at 457nm reaches 4.2 W, and the optical to optical conversion efficiency is about 13.5% accordingly. The stability of the out putpower is better than 1.2% for 8 h continuously working.     

Call for Papers

正Wireless Body-area Networks The last decade has witnessed the convergence of three giant worlds:electronics,computer science and telecommunications.The next decade should follow this convergence in most of our activities with the generalization of sensor networks.In particular with the progress in medicine,people live longer and the aging of population will push the development of wireless personal networks     

Call for Papers—Feature Topic,Vol.12,No.7,2015

正Information Centric Networking Information-Centric Networking(ICN) is an emerging direction in Future Internet architecture research,gaining significant tractions among academia and industry.Aiming to replace the conventional host-to-host communication model by a data-centric model,ICN treats data content as the first     

JOURNAL OF ELECTRONICS(CHINA)

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NEXT GENERATION WIRELESS NETWORKS–ESPECIALLY THE USE OF MILLI-MICROWAVE BANDS

The global bandwidth shortage of wireless communications has motivated the exploration of the naillimeter wave （ram-wave） frequency spectrum for the next generation wireless communications. Recent advances in RF CMOS technology and high speed baseband signal processing technologies have enabled tile extensive research and development of turn-wave wireless communications. The multi gigabit per second data rate of ram-wave system will lead to applications in many important scenarios, such as WPAN, WLAN,back-haul for cellular system. And the frequency bands include 28 GHz, 38 GHz, 45GHz, 60GHz, E-BAND and even beyond 100 GHz. The propagation and the imitation of the RF circuits design in these frequency bands make the directional antennas be inevitable for mm-wave communications.