功能保健肉制品的研究与开发

分析了我国保健食品的现状,对于保健肉制品的未来走势进行研究,展望了我国保健肉制品的发展品种、种类及功能。     

新型肉制品研究进展

新型肉制品的开发及推广是目前很多企业研究的主要方向,它能代替传统肉制品给人们提供必需的营养物质,同时避免传统肉制品存在的不足,易被消费者重视。分别对国内外近五年内发酵类肉制品优良菌株的选择、辅助物质的添加及加工技术的应用,非发酵肉制品中低盐肉制品、低脂肉制品,降低盐、脂肪含量的方法及高新技术等进行了综述,为新型肉制品的发展改进提供参考。     

低脂肉制品功能复合物在美国的研制

报告低脂肉制品功能复合物研制和必要性、研制经过、操作技术及其评价。     

膳食纤维功能性肉制品研究进展

本文主要介绍了膳食纤维的生理功能,及以膳食纤维作为功能因子的功能性肉制品的国内外研究情况,说明此类产品具有广阔的发展前景。     

脂肪替代物在肉制品中应用研究进展

近几年人们对于肉制品的摄入量逐渐增加,而传统肉制品中较高的脂肪含量给人们带来了很多慢性疾病。由于脂肪替代物在肉制品中的应用可有效降低脂肪的摄入,且能预防高脂膳食所引起的一系列疾病,弥补脂肪的减少给肉制品所带来的口味上的损失,因此低脂肉制品的研究势在必行。本文基于国内外脂肪替代物的发展现状,从单一型脂肪替代物(蛋白质类、碳水化合物类、脂质类)和复合型脂肪替代物(由不同基质来源物按照一定比例结合在一起协同发挥脂肪替代作用的混合物)2个方面阐述了各自对于低脂肉制品的感官特性和质构特性影响的研究进展还有脂肪替代物应用中存在的问题,并对脂肪替代物发展方向做出了展望,以期为低脂肉制品的研发提供一定的参考。     

低盐低脂功能性肉制品的研究进展

我国是世界上肉制品生产的第一大国,同时也是肉制品消费总量最多的国家。近年来大量研究表明过量食用红肉及加工肉制品会增加罹患慢性疾病的风险,低盐低脂功能性肉制品的开发受到重视。本文主要综述了低盐低脂功能性肉制品的开发研究进展,并指出功能性肉制品发展中存在的局限性,以期为功能性肉制品的研究和开发提供理论参考。      

低脂肉制品的开发

说明了低脂肉制品的概念和市场需求,着重阐述了低脂肉制品的开发途径。     

脂肪替代品在低脂肉制品中的研究进展

由于低脂肉制品可有效降低脂肪的摄入,且能预防高脂膳食所引起的各种慢性疾病,相关研究领域逐渐成为近年来的研究热点。本文基于国内外低脂肉制品的发展现状,从脂肪替代物、脂肪模拟物和复合型脂肪替代物三个方面综述了各自对低脂肉制品组成成分、组织结构、抗氧化性及感官评价等指标影响的最新研究进展,并就肉制品中脂肪替代物的发展方向进行了展望。      

肉中脂肪酸组成与健康关系的研究进展

综述了肉中各类脂肪酸与人体健康的关系以及影响肉中脂肪酸组成的主要因素(包括地域、品种、日龄、饲料成分、饲养方式、加工条件等),并对保持肉中脂肪酸组成平衡的方法进行了展望,为人们通过合理生产加工从而获得更加优质的肉制品提供了理论依据。      

Meat as a functional food with special reference to probiotic sausages

Consumers believe that foods are associated directly to their health. Today foods are not only used to satisfy our hunger but also to provide indispensible nutrients for humans and these nutrients having the health benefits regarding in controlling the diseases. The market for functional foods has seen a sharp rise in demand in the recent years. This has driven researchers to multiply their efforts in producing functional meat products also. Feed manipulation and post-mortem modification of meat coupled with enrichment of bioactive compounds are gaining importance. This review discusses the candidate ingredients and strategies, utilized in crafting such functional meat products, and the notable developments and commercial successes in functional meat industry. Dry fermented sausages meet the conditions required to carry viable probiotic microbes. This article enlists various microorganisms that are being commercially used in functional food products and potential bacteria for probiotic sausage production.     

The role of rabbit meat as functional food

Increasing consumer knowledge of the link between diet and health has raised the awareness and demand for functional food ingredients. Meat and its derivatives may be considered functional foods to the extent that they contain numerous compounds thought to be functional. This review will attempt to outline the excellent nutritional and dietetic properties of rabbit meat and offer an overview of the studies performed on the strategies adopted to improve the functional value of rabbit meat. Dietary manipulation has been seen to be very effective in increasing the levels of essential FA, EPA, DHA, CLA, branched chain FA, vitamin E, and selenium in rabbit meat. Dietary fortification with vitamin E or natural products such as oregano essential oil, chia seed oil, and Spirulina platensis microalga seem promising in improving the oxidative stability of rabbit meat while also adding functional ingredients.     

脂肪酸与肉的品质

近年来,人们对肉中脂肪酸的组成及含量的问题越来越关注.其主要原因就是肉中含有大量的脂肪酸,尤其是饱和脂肪酸,它们与现代生活中的疾病紧紧相关,同时对肉的食用品质和产品货架期具有重要影响.本文综述了肉中的脂肪酸种类、含量及其对人体健康和肉品品质的影响,以期对肉品的生产与贮藏有一定的指导意义.     

Improving functional value of meat products

In recent years, much attention has been paid to develop meat and meat products with physiological functions to promote health conditions and prevent the risk of diseases. This review focuses on strategies to improve the functional value of meat and meat products. Value improvement can be realized by adding functional compounds including conjugated linoneleic acid, vitamin E, n3 fatty acids and selenium in animal diets to improve animal production, carcass composition and fresh meat quality. In addition, functional ingredients such as vegetable proteins, dietary fibers, herbs and spices, and lactic acid bacteria can be directly incorporated into meat products during processing to improve their functional value for consumers. Functional compounds, especially peptides, can also be generated from meat and meat products during processing such as fermentation, curing and aging, and enzymatic hydrolysis. This review further discusses the current status, consumer acceptance, and market for functional foods from the global viewpoints. Future prospects for functional meat and meat products are also discussed.     

Sex‐related differences in the nutritional value of Japanese quail meat

The objective of the study was to evaluate the impact of birds’ sex on the carcass composition and meat (breast muscle) nutritional value in Japanese quails in a large‐scale four‐generation study. Standard poultry feed was used, based on maize, soya bean meal and wheat. Four generations of quails were housed up to the age of 17 weeks each. Then samples of breast muscle were collected after dissection and analysed for basic nutrient content and for fatty acids composition. Results were analysed by GLM procedure in SAS, and significance of differences between birds of different sex was estimated by Duncan's test. Dissection revealed marked differences between birds’ of different sex in case of relative organ weight. Results of meat analyses showed no differences in the basic composition. Fatty acids analyses showed a more advantageous profile in female meat.     

拜城油鸡鸡肉及鸡皮脂肪酸组成分析研究

以新疆拜城油鸡为材料,对其鸡皮和鸡肉脂肪酸组成进行分析,与拜城土鸡及肉鸡进行比较研究。结果显示,拜城油鸡鸡皮和鸡肉总脂质中各检出25种脂肪酸。鸡皮总脂肪酸组成中不饱和脂肪酸的比例鸡种间差异较小,但在拜城油鸡鸡肉中的不饱和脂肪酸比例显著高于市售肉鸡。鸡皮和鸡肉中的主要不饱和脂肪酸为C16:1(9),C18:1(9),C18:1(11),C18:2,C18:3和C20:4,其中拜城油鸡的C18:3和C20:4含量均高于拜城土鸡和肉鸡。对于不同月龄的拜城油鸡脂肪酸含量而言,月龄大的拜城油鸡鸡肉的不饱和脂肪酸含量显著低于月龄小的拜城油鸡。     

肉类脂肪酸的营养与免疫调节作用

综述了肉类脂肪中饱和脂肪酸、单不饱和脂肪酸、多不饱和脂肪酸及共轭多不饱和脂肪酸构成特性及其对人体的营养与健康功能,以及肉类脂肪中三酰甘油、磷脂、固醇类等的免疫调节作用与疾病的关系。     

鸡肉中脂肪酸的研究进展

由于人们更加注重鸡肉的营养价值和风味品质,因此鸡肉的风味品质研究已经成为畜牧业的热点问题,但同时也是一个难点.风味是由多种风味前体物经过一些基本的化学反应形成的.研究风味前体物是研究鸡肉风味的起点.本文重点综述了鸡肉中重要的风味前体物质-脂肪酸的研究进展.     

马肉中脂肪酸组成及含量的气相色谱-质谱法分析

采用气相色谱-质谱法分析了马肉中脂肪酸的化学组成及各成分的含量。马肉中的脂肪经正己烷提取、硫酸-甲醇酯化法甲酯化、GC-MS测定、总离子流图峰面积归一化法测定各组分相对含量。马肉中饱和脂肪酸含量为38.4%,不饱和脂肪酸为61.6%,其中单不饱和脂肪酸为44.8%;马肉脂肪酸中油酸含量最高,其它由高到低依次为棕榈酸、亚麻酸、棕榈油酸、亚油酸、硬脂酸、肉豆蔻酸、花生四烯酸。结果表明,马肉中脂肪酸能较好地满足人体的营养需求。