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非凝性气体于竖直壁面处冷凝传热的研究对一体化压水堆汽-气稳压器的瞬态调节以及紧凑型安全壳余热排出进程具有重要影响,当前对含有非凝性气体的蒸汽竖直壁面冷凝传热中压力的影响特性研究较少。基于传热传质比拟方法,采用适用于高压的改进扩散层模型对汽-气竖直壁面冷凝传热的压力影响进行研究。研究发现,基于传热传质比拟方法改进的扩散层模型与已有的实验结果基本一致,适用于较高压力汽-气竖直壁面冷凝传热系数的预测;总压的增加对存在非凝性气体的冷凝传热具有促进作用,这种促进作用随总压的增加逐渐减弱;在一定压力范围内(0.1~7.0 MPa),存在压力分界点pc,在压力影响分界点以下的低压力区域(0.1 MPa~pc)为压力影响敏感区,在压力影响分界点以上的高压力区(pc~7.0 MPa)为非敏感区。同时,本文还对非凝性气体的种类和含量对蒸汽在竖直壁面处冷凝传热过程的影响进行了分析,从气体扩散系数方面进一步分析了造成影响差异的原因。 相似文献
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《核动力工程》2016,(4):15-18
蒸汽在安全壳内壁面上的冷凝是事故发生后安全壳内的气体向壳壁传热的主要方式,是影响钢制非能动安全壳压力响应的重要因素。针对事故后核电厂安全壳内的事故工况条件,在较宽的参数范围内开展了蒸汽冷凝传热过程的试验研究。试验压力为0.11~0.5 MPa(d),主流空气质量分数为29%~78%、壁面过冷度为26~60℃,混合气体平均流速0.4~1.9 m/s。试验结果表明:在0.9 m/s以下的低流速范围内,试验数据与经验关系式的计算结果符合较好;流速高于0.9 m/s时,流速成为影响含有不凝性气体的蒸汽凝结传热的主要因素之一;主流空气质量分数较低时,流速对含有不凝性气体蒸汽冷凝的传热系数的影响更加显著;对于伴有蒸汽冷凝的对流换热过程,由自然对流向混合对流转变的判据与单相对流换热过程不同。 相似文献
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Steam–gas pressurizers are self-pressurizing, and since steam and noncondensable gas are used to sustain their pressure, they experience very complicated thermal–hydraulic phenomena owing to the presence of the latter. A steam–gas pressurizer model was developed using Relap5 code to investigate such a pressurizer's thermal–hydraulic characteristics.The important thermal–hydraulic processes occurring in the pressurizer model include bulk flashing, rainout, wall condensation with noncondensable gas, and interfacial heat and mass transfer. The pressurizer model was verified using results from insurge experiments performed at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. It was found that noncondensable gas was one of the important factors governing the pressure response, and the accuracy of the developed model would change with different mass fractions and types of noncondensable gas. 相似文献
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核电站严重事故下,氢气的燃烧风险是影响安全壳完整性的重要因素,而水蒸气的存在对氢气、空气混合气体的燃烧会产生重要的影响。本文采用CAST3M软件,对局部小空间内氢气的燃烧特性以及水蒸气的影响进行研究。首先对THAI装置的典型实验工况进行模拟,表明了相关燃烧模型的可用性。然后将高度为6 m、直径为2.2 m的圆柱空间作为燃烧域,对其分别计算了8%、10%、12%氢气浓度下的燃烧,并与添加25%水蒸气的相应工况进行了对比。通过对燃烧域的温度、压力以及火焰传播速度的分析,表明添加水蒸气后燃烧产生的最大压力下降,火焰的最大温度下降,火焰传播的速度下降。研究表明,水蒸气的存在对氢气的燃烧具有抑制作用,能有效降低氢气燃烧产生的后果。 相似文献
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对含不凝结气体(空气)的蒸汽浸没射流压力振荡特性进行了实验研究。研究发现,含有少量不凝结气体时,蒸汽浸没射流凝结形态发生显著变化。含不凝结气体的压力振荡强度较纯蒸汽时明显变小,但含有少量不凝结气体的压力振荡强度随空气质量分数的增加整体呈缓慢上升趋势。压力振荡强度随径向距离的增加而单调减小,随轴向距离的增加先增大后逐渐减小,存在压力振荡峰值,且随空气质量分数的增加,压力振荡峰值位置沿轴向后移。压力振荡峰值位置在轴向无量纲距离X=3和X=12之间。不同过冷水温度下,压力振荡峰值随空气质量分数变化的趋势不同。压力振荡峰值的位置即压力振荡最强的位置位于核心汽羽的尾部。 相似文献
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The steam-gas pressurizer in integrated small reactors experiences very complicated thermal-hydraulic phenomena. Especially, the condensation heat transfer with noncondensable gas under natural convection is an important factor to evaluate the pressurizer behavior. However, few studies have investigated the condensation in the presence of noncondensable gas at high pressure. In this study, therefore, a theoretical model is proposed to estimate the condensation heat transfer at high pressure using the heat and mass transfer analogy. For the high pressure effect, the steam and nitrogen gas tables are used directly to determine the density of the gas mixture and the heat and mass transfer analogy based on mass approach is applied instead of that based on the ideal gas law. A comparison of the results from the proposed model with experimental data obtained from Seoul National University indicates that the condensation heat transfer coefficients increase with increasing system pressure and with decreasing mass fraction of the nitrogen gas. The proposed model is also compared with other conventional correlations proposed in the literature. The proposed model demonstrates the capability to predict the condensation heat transfer coefficients at high pressure better than any other correlation. Finally, the condensate rate is compared to verify the application of the heat and mass transfer analogy at high pressure. The comparison results confirm that the heat and mass transfer analogy can be applied to evaluate the condensation heat and mass transfer at high pressure. 相似文献
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