聚丙烯（PP）／黏土复合材料熔融剂的研究

以马来酸酐（MAH）等为单体接枝聚丙烯作为聚丙烯（PP）／黏土复合材料熔融剂,考察了马来酸酐用量、引发剂过氧化苯甲酰（BPO）用量、反应时间、温度等因素对产物接枝率的影响,并通过红外光谱图对PP-g-MAH进行表征。结果表明,当m（PP）：m（复配单体）：m（BPO）=10．0：2．0：0．6、反应温度控制在120℃左右、复配单体为马来酸酐／苯乙烯时,熔融剂PP-g-MAH的接枝率可获得较大值3．9％。实验同时表明,反应时间对接枝率的影响不大;苯乙烯的加入对接枝率有较大的影响,与普通单体单一马来酸酐相比,加入苯乙烯的接枝率明显提高。     

马来酸酐接枝改性聚丙烯及其在木塑复合材料中的应用

通过双螺杆挤出机聚丙烯熔融挤出接枝马来酸酐制备马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯（PP-g-MAH）;研究了接枝单体马来酸酐（MAH）、引发剂DCP及共单体St等对聚丙烯（PP）熔融接枝MAH的接枝率的影响。将制备的接枝物应用于木塑复合材料中,发现木粉与聚丙烯之间的界面结合有了明显的改善,添加的PP-g-MAH增强了木粉和聚丙烯基体之间的黏合性,使两相结合得更紧密,进而提高了木塑复合材料的力学性能。     

聚丙烯紫外辐照气相接枝马来酸酐

在６０℃、氮气气氛下,用低能量紫外辐照聚丙烯,进行聚丙烯的气相马来酸酐接枝。红外分析显示,在所选择的实验条件下,马来酸酐已经接枝到聚丙烯的分子链上。用重量法计算了马来酸酐的接枝率。实验结果表明,接枝聚丙烯（ＰＰ－ｇ－ＭＡＨ）的熔体流动速率和马来酸酐的接枝率随紫外辐射时间的增加而增加;紫外辐照时间保持不变,ＰＰ－ｇ－ＭＡＨ的溶体流动速率基本相同。     

马来酸酐接枝ABS及其应用

采用熔融法研究了马来酸酐（ＭＡＨ）接枝ＡＢＳ。结果表明：马来酸酐接枝率随ＭＡＨ添加量或引发剂过氧化二异丙苯（ＤＣＰ）的添加量垢增加而提高，但是添加量过多时，接枝率增加速率变慢；ＡＢＳ接枝马来酸酐后，冲击性能明显下降，但拉伸性能变化不大；马来酸酐接枝改性ＡＢＳ，增容ＡＢＳ／ＰＣ合金共湿物，可提高合金的缺口抗冲击强度大１．５～２．５倍。     

新型聚丙烯固相接枝物增容聚丙烯／尼龙6共混物的研究

研究了聚丙烯与马来酸酐,甲基丙烯酸甲酯及第三单体的固相接枝共聚物「ＰＰ－ｇ（ＭＡＨ－ＭＭＡ－ＴＭ）」对聚丙烯／尼龙６（ＰＰ／ＰＡ６）共混物的增容作用。结果表明,新表明ＰＰ固相接枝物能有效地改善ＰＰ／ＰＡ６共混物的相容性,增加两相界面的粘合作用,显著提高共混物的力学性能,增容后体系假塑性增加,熔体粘度上升,活化能增加。     

溶剂热法制备AS接枝马来酸酐的研究

以马来酸酐(MAH)为单体、苯乙烯(St)为共单体、过氧化二异丙苯(DCP)为引发剂,采用溶剂热法分别制备了苯乙烯-丙烯腈共聚物(AS)接枝物AS-g-MAH以及AS-g-(MAH-St).利用红外光谱对接枝物进行了结构表征,证明MAH已经成功接枝在AS链上.并用反式滴定法测定了接枝率,讨论了引发剂用量、马来酸酐用量、反应温度、反应时间、反应物浓度和共单体用量对接枝率的影响.结果表明:随着引发剂用量的增加和反应时间的延长,接枝率先增大,然后趋于平稳;随着马来酸酐用量、反应温度和反应物浓度的增加,接枝率先增大后下降;共单体苯乙烯的加入对接枝率的提高有很大的促进作用.     

马来酸酐,苯乙双单体接枝ABS及其应用

采用熔融法了马来酸酐（ＭＡＨ）和苯乙烯（Ｓｔ）接枝ＡＢＳ。结果表明，只用ＭＡＨ单体时，ＭＡＨ接枝率随ＭＡＨ添加量增中而提高，接枝效率一般不超过６０％；用Ｓｔ和ＭＡＨ两种单体时，在ＭＡＨ添加量保持不变时，ＭＡＨ接枝率随Ｓｔ添国量的增加而提高，但达到一定量后开始下降。用ＭＡＨ和Ｓｔ双单体接枝改性的ＡＢＳ树脂增容的ＡＢＳ／ＰＣ合金与未增容的相比，制品缺口冲击强度提高１．５倍。     

双单体固相接枝聚丙烯技术研究

以马来酸酐和苯乙烯为单体,采用固相接枝法将单体接枝到聚丙烯上;考察了反应温度、反应时间、引发剂用量、溶胀时间、粒径、单体物质的量比对接枝率的影响;红外光谱分析产物结构.结果表明:马来酸酐和苯乙烯接枝到聚丙烯上;最佳条件下接枝率为9.6%.     

马来酸酐、苯乙烯双单体接枝ABS及其应用

采用熔融法研究了马来酸酐(MAH)和苯乙烯(St)接枝ABS。结果表明,只用MAH单体时,MAH接枝率随MAH添加量增加而提高,接枝效率一般不超过60％;用St和MAH两种单体时,在MAH添加量保持不变时,MAH接枝率随St添加量的增加而提高,但达到一定量后开始下降。用MAH和St双单体接枝改性的ABS树脂增容的ABS/PC(70/30)合金与未增容的相比,制品缺口冲击强度提高1.5倍。     

马来酸酐接枝物对PP/ABS复合材料性能的影响

在聚丙烯(PP)/丙烯晴-丁二烯-苯乙烯(ABS)复合材料中加入复配的马来酸酐接枝物(PP-g-MAH)和ABS-g-MAH,研究接枝物对复合材料性能的影响。结果表明:马来酸酐接枝物的加入能提高复合材料的拉伸强度和弯曲强度,并随着接枝物含量增加而提高,冲击强度随接枝物含量增加而降低。复配马来酸酐接枝物中在复合材料中PP-g-MAH的用量为10份时,综合性能最佳。PP/ABS复合材料的强度和刚度随ABS含量的增加而增加,随着ABS组分含量的增加,ABS相分布从海-岛状分布向海-海结构转变。SEM结果表明:马来酸酐接枝物的加入有助于ABS在聚丙烯中的分散;DSC数据表明:马来酸酐接枝物使材料的结晶度有所提高。     

丙烯酸丁酯、马来酸酐、苯乙烯三单体固相接枝改性聚丙烯的研究

以丙烯酸丁酯（BA）、马来酸酐（MAH）和苯乙烯（St）为接枝单体,偶氮二异丁腈（AIBN）为引发剂,加入少量有机溶剂作分散剂,对聚丙烯进行固相接枝改性制备接枝共聚物。考察了反应时间、反应温度、引发剂用量等因素对接枝反应的影响,用红外光谱对接枝产物进行了表征。结果表明,当引发剂用量（以PP质量为基准）为0．3％,单体（n（BA）：n（St）：n（MAH）=2：1：1）总投料量为4％时,得到了接枝率为3．26％的接枝产品。单体利用率达到70％。     

马来酸酐悬浮固相接枝聚丙烯

采用悬浮固相法制备出马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯。研究了单体用量、界面剂种类和用量、助交联剂、体系 pH值等因素对马来酸酐接枝率的影响。实验发现,随着单体用量增加,接枝率虽然逐渐增大,但单体接枝效率显著下降。界面剂的添加量对接枝率也有较大影响,适宜的添加量可以提高接枝率,采用二甲苯作界面剂时,其用量比甲苯少。添加适量的助交联剂有助于提高接枝率。另外,体系pH值的改变也会影响接枝率。     

Melt grafting of maleic anhydride onto polypropylene with 1‐decene as a second monomer

The influence of 1‐decene as the second monomer on the melt‐grafting behavior of maleic anhydride (MAH) onto polypropylene (PP) was studied with differential scanning calorimetry and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. We found that the value of the grafting degree increased from 0.68% for pure MAH‐g‐PP to 1.43% for the system with a 1‐decene/MAH molar ratio of 0.3, whereas the maximum value with styrene (St) as the second monomer was 0.98% under an St/MAH molar ratio of 1.0. Compared with the contribution of St/MAH‐g‐PP to the peeling strength between the PP and polyamide (PA) layer for a PP/PA laminated film, the introduction of 1‐decene/MAH‐g‐PP increased the peeling strength from 180 g/15 mm to 250 g/15 mm. 1‐Decene inhibited the chain scission behavior of PP. 1‐Decene reacted with MAH to form a 1‐decene/MAH copolymer or the Alder‐ene reaction product before the two monomers grafted onto PP. The grafting of the reactive product onto PP greatly improved the grafting degree of MAH. What is more, because of the similar chemical structures of 1‐decene and PP, the affinity of 1‐decene with PP was higher than that of St. Compared with St, the introduction of less 1‐decene led to a higher grafting degree and higher peeling strength. Therefore, we concluded that 1‐decene was more effective for improving the grafting degree of MAH onto PP. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011     

马来酸酐及苯乙烯同时接枝聚丙烯的研究

用过氧化二异丙苯(DCP)作为引发剂，采用双螺杆反应挤出的苯乙烯、马来酸酐2种单体同时接枝聚丙烯．研究了单体总浓度、单体比例、引发剂浓度对PP的接枝率、接枝效率和熔体流动速率的影响。通过实验发现苯乙烯的加入使接枝率和接枝效率比单独的马来酸酐接枝都有很大的提高。     

The effect of epoxy and tetramethyl thiuram disulfide on melt‐grafting of maleic anhydride onto polypropylene by reactive extrusion

In this report, melt grafting of maleic anhydride (MAH) and epoxy resin onto polypropylene (PP) by peroxide‐initiated reactive extrusion has been investigated. As evidenced by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, both MAH and epoxy resin were successfully grafted onto PP through the reactions of MAH with PP and epoxy resin with MAH. It was found that tetramethyl thiuram disulfide could promote the grafting of MAH and inhibit the degradation of PP, as revealed by chemical titration and melt flow experiments, through prolonging the lifetime of the macroradical; meanwhile, epoxy resin could reduce the sublimation of MAH and the maximum grafting degree of MAH. Furthermore, the introduction of grafted products was found to enhance the mechanical properties of PP/glass fiber composites, and this influence was very significant at high grafting degrees with a high content of epoxy resin, which could be interpreted in terms of improved compatibility and adhesion at the interface. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016 , 133, 43422.     

聚丙烯熔融接枝改性研究

采用熔融接枝的方法,研究了多组分体系下不同单体熔融接枝聚丙烯的性能。结果表明:在共单体苯乙烯、引发剂和聚丙烯相同的条件下,接枝物的极性均较未接枝的聚丙烯极性增加;不同单体所得接枝物的接枝率不同;熔体流动速率的降低使接枝物的加工性能有不同程度的下降。接枝物极性增加的趋势依次按接枝单体MAH、MMA、GMA递增。接枝物的偏光显微镜分析表明,接枝支链的生成可以促进聚丙烯的异相成核,使晶粒细化。     

Enhancement of graft yield and control of degradation during polypropylene maleation in the presence of polyfunctional monomer

Free‐radical initiated grafting of maleic anhydride (MAH)/polyfunctional acrylate (PFA) multimonomer system onto polypropylene (PP) via reactive extrusion was studied. The effects of PFA and initiator concentration on the grafting reaction were investigated. It was shown that PFA as a comonomer could greatly enhance MAH grafting degree, which increased monotonically as the molar ratio of PFA to MAH increased. The rheology test demonstrated that the viscosity of grafted PP was also promoted as more PFA was used. The formation of branched structure during the grafting process was proved by oscillatory shear rheological analysis. The mechanism of grafting in the presence of PFA was discussed, suggesting PFA had higher reactivity with PP macroradicals than MAH and therefore forming stabilized macroradicals, thus resulting in depression of β‐scission and favoring the formation of branched structure. Higher initiator concentration gave higher MAH grafting degree but more severe degradation. The mechanical properties of the grafted PP were comparable with those of unmodified PP. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011     

PP-g-GMA的制备及其改性PP/PA6合金性能

采用双螺杆熔融接枝的方法,在引发剂过氧化二异丙苯(DCP)作用下,将甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯(GMA)和共单体苯乙烯(St)接枝到聚丙烯(PP)上。通过傅立叶变换红外光谱仪确定了接枝物的生成,采用酸碱滴定法测定了接枝率。探讨了GMA,St,DCP不同用量对PP接枝物的接枝率和熔体流动速率的影响,并将接枝产物PP–g–(St–co–GMA)加入PP/尼龙6(PA6)的合金中,通过注塑成型样条,测定其力学性能,并观察微观结构。结果表明,St的加入能够提高接枝率,抑制副反应的发生。在PP/PA6合金中加入接枝物PP–g–(St–co–GMA),其拉伸强度可提高46.45%,弯曲强度可提高32.47%,但对冲击强度影响不大。     

苯乙烯存在下马来酸酐熔融接枝聚丙烯的研究

分别在哈克流变仪（Haake）和双螺杆挤出机（TSE）中,研究了苯乙烯（St）存在下马来酸酐（MAH）熔融接枝聚丙烯（PP）的过程。讨论了过氧化二异丙苯（DCP）用量、St用量、MAH用量、反应时间、反应温度、螺杆转速以及反应器型式对接枝反应的影响．实验发现：随DCP用量的增加,MAH的接枝率先增加后减小,熔体流动速率（MFR）一直增加;保持MAH用量不变增加St用量时,MAH的接枝率在MAH与St的摩尔比为1：1时达到最大,MFR却一直减小;保持St用量不变增加MAH用量,MAH的接枝率先增加后略有减小,MFR却存在极大值;随反应时间的增加,MAH的接枝率与MFR都先增加后减小;温度过高,MAH的接枝率降低,PP热降解较严重;螺杆转速较低时,MAH的接枝率较低,螺杆转速较高时,PP降解增加;在TSE中的MAH接枝率比Haake中的低,但降解比Haake中的小得多。