纳米RuO_2-SnO_2二元氧化物的制备

采用溶胶凝胶法,制备出了ＲｕＯ２－ＳｎＯ２二元氯化物纳米粉末,并用差热分析（ＤＴＡ）、Ｘ射线衍射（ＸＲＤ）、扫描电镜（ＳＥＭ）、电子探针Ｘ射线显微分析（ＥＰＡ）、透射电镜（ＴＥＭ）分析了其相组织和形态。     

合成莫来石纳米粉的红外吸收光谱研究

采用溶胶（ｓｏｌ）－凝胶（ｇｅｌ）－超临界流体干燥（ｓｕｐｅｒｃｒｉｔｉｃａｌ ｆｌｕｉｄ ｄｒｙｉｎｇ）ＳＣＦＤ法合成了莫来石纳米粉，并利用红外吸收光谱（ＩＲ）对其溶胶、凝胶及超细粉的结构组成进行了定性分析，结合Ｘ射线衍射分析（ＸＢＤ）和透射电子显微镜分析（ＴＥＭ）技术初步探讨了莫来石纳米粉的合成机理。     

含铬R2O—CaO—Al2O3—SiO2系统结晶质玻璃球状析晶机理的研究

采用顺磁共振（ＥＳＲ）、扫描电镜（ＳＥＭ）、能谱分析（ＥＤＡＸ）、Ｘ射线衍射（ＸＲＤ）等实验方法，研究了Ｃｒ２ＯＥ对Ｒ２Ｏ－ＣａＯ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３－ＳｉＯ２系统更上一层楼的晶行为的影响，并对 球状析晶机理进行了分析。球晶是由放射状的针形晶体所构成，尺寸约为几个毫米，且呈均匀分布，主晶相为β－ＣａＳｉＯ３。析晶机理是玻璃中的铬在热处理过程中首先以铬钙尖晶石固熔体「ＣａＣｒ２Ｏｒ」的形式析出，然后β－Ｃａ     

钨尾玻璃陶瓷的研究

运用差热分析（ＤＴＡ）、扫描电镜（ＳＥＭ）、能谱分析（ＥＤＡＸ）、Ｘ射线粉晶衍射（ＸＲＤ）等测试手段,研究了钨尾矿ＣａＯ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３－ＳｉＯ２系统玻璃陶瓷的微观结构、晶相组成及Ｆｅ２Ｏ３对玻璃析晶的影响,最后测定了尾矿玻璃陶瓷的性能。     

Ti-Co氧化物中间相的形成与组织结构

采用深胶凝胶工艺技术,以ＣｏＣ１２、Ｔｉ（Ｃ４Ｈ６Ｏ）为原料,经混合、水解、缩聚、固化、氧化制备中间相ＣｏＴｉＯ３的超细粉末,并用扫描差热分析（ＤＴＡ）、Ｘ－射线衍射分析（ＸＲＤ）及航向电子分析（ＴＥＭ）等手段分析了ＣｏＴｉＯ３的形成、原子间键合、晶体结构与组织形貌。     

金属醇盐法制备堇青石（Mg2Al4Si5O18）粉末

以金属铝、镁的复合醇盐,ＭｇＡｌ２（Ｏ＾ｉＰｒ）８２＾ｉＰｒＯＨ,和正硅酸乙酯为原料,合成制备了堇青石粉末。利用热失重／差热（ＤＴＧ－ＤＴＡ）、Ｘ－射线衍射（ＸＲＤ）、比表面测定（ＢＥＴ）、热膨胀曲线和电子扫描电镜（ＳＥＭ）等检测手段分析了所得样品的结晶过程和烧结性能,与并其它胶体过程制备的堇青石粉末做了比较。     

C2S的β与γ变体共存时X射线衍射谱的分解

采用分辨能力较高的Ｘ射线粉末数据的整体分解法，利用相互剥离的原理解析了Ｃ２Ｓ的β与γ变体共存时的粉末衍射谱。在剥离了样品次要相的衍射峰后，得到了β－Ｃ２Ｓ和γ－Ｃ２Ｓ的Ｘ射线粉末衍射的标准数据。与ＰＤＦ卡片值对比后发现，卡片值与本文提供的测定结果有所不同。     

半干法合成崩解剂羧甲基淀粉

采用半干法合成药片崩解剂羧甲基淀粉（ＣＭＳ）。考察了碱和一氯乙酸用量对ＣＭＳ取代度（ＤＳ）的影响；考察了ＤＳ和Ｈ／Ｎａ（ＣＭＳ中游离羧基和成盐羧基比值）改变对ＣＭＳ吸水溶胀性能和崩解性能的影响，应用红外光谱、Ｘ－射线衍射、扫描电镜等方法探索ＣＭＳ结构与性能的关系。     

聚丙烯的结构与性能表征

从高分子链结构、结晶行为、粘弹性、力学性能４个方面，利用红外光谱（ＩＲ）、核磁共振（ＮＭＲ）、Ｘ射线衍射、示差扫描量热（ＤＳＣ）、流变表征（ＤＳＲ）等手段对国产ＹＳ－８４１催化剂和日本产ＴＫ催化剂生产的丙烯均聚物２４０１和共聚物１３３０的２个系列４种材料进行测试和分析，揭示并比较４种材料在结构和物理性能上的差异，从而指导对国产催化剂的改进。     

EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF KINETIC AND TRANSPORT PARAMETERS IN A WALL－COOLED FIXED－BED REACTOR

ＥＸＰＥＲＩＭＥＮＴＡＬＩＮＶＥＳＴＩＧＡＴＩＯＮＯＦＫＩＮＥＴＩＣＡＮＤＴＲＡＮＳＰＯＲＴＰＡＲＡＭＥＴＥＲＳＩＮＡＷＡＬＬ－ＣＯＯＬＥＤＦＩＸＥＤ－ＢＥＤＲＥＡＣＴＯＲＺｈｅｎ－ＭｉｎＣＨＥＮＧａｎｄＷｅｉ－ＫａｎｇＹＵＡＮ（ＵＮＩＬＡＢＲｅｓｅ...     

热处理对CaO-MgO-Al_2O_3-SiO_2系微晶玻璃瓷砖釉面力学性能的影响

采用等离子体原子发射光谱分析(ICP-AES)、热分析(DSC)、X射线衍射分析(XRD)、维氏显微硬度测试和扫描电镜(SEM)分析研究热处理对合作单位博德精工提供的CaO-MgO-Al2O3-SiO2系微晶玻璃瓷砖釉面力学性能的影响,以期提高耐磨性能和优化热处理工艺。分别采用传统的两步法和一步法处理瓷砖釉面,结果表明,试样经过750℃保温120min—950℃保温90min和900℃保温2h处理后均析出透辉石、钡长石和氧化锆,大约能够使釉面硬度提高15%和13.6%。另外,试样经940℃保温5min处理后,发生氧化锆相变增韧,硬度提高约11.5%。考虑到工厂的生产实际,氧化锆相变增韧处理是提高瓷砖秞面力学性能的最佳热处理方式。     

Characterization of microwave processed aluminium powder

Commercial Al powder was exposed to microwave radiation for 45 min. The as received and microwave heated Al powders were characterized by X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). XRD of the microwave treated Al powder confirmed the formation of Al-Al₂O₃ composite. FTIR studies and EDX analysis indicated the transformation of Al powder into Al-Al₂O₃ core-shell composite powder after microwave processing. SEM showed that the morphology of the microwave processed Al powder was quite different from that of the as-received Al powder. TEM image of the microwave treated Al powder supported the FTIR and EDX data.     

Influence of mechanical activation and thermal treatment time on nanoparticle forsterite formation mechanism

This paper reports the successful synthesis and formation of nanoparticle forsterite powder by mechanical activation and its subsequent annealing. Talc and magnesium carbonate were used as basic starting reactants. Simultaneous thermal analysis (STA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) techniques were utilized to characterize the as-milled and annealed samples. The results showed that forsterite was not produced directly and that the formation of enstatite was unavoidable during the synthesis of forsterite. The nanoparticle forsterite powder obtained had a crystallite size of 30 nm and mean particle size of 135 nm after 10 h milling and subsequent annealing at 1000 °C for 10 min.     

Dendrimer intercalation in layered double hydroxides

New organic/inorganic (O/I) hybrid assemblies based on Layered Double Hydroxide (LDH) with polyamide amine dendrimer (PAMAM, generation −0.5 and generation +0.5) were prepared by two different routes using either the direct coprecipitation at constant pH or the anion exchange procedure in double surfactant S⁺S⁻ phases. The obtained materials were characterized by means of powder X-ray diffraction, thermal gravimetric analysis associated with mass spectrometry, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. X-ray powder diffraction pattern of the O/I LDH assembly exhibit characteristic profiles of LDH-based materials with basal spacing depending on the nature of the dendrimer. Indeed, for both synthetic procedures, interleaved PAMAM −0.5 gives rise to an interlayer space in agreement with a perpendicular molecular arrangement against the layer of the host structure. For PAMAM+0.5, considering its spherical dimension, a much smaller basal spacing was observed. This observation was interpreted as shrinkage of the molecule to accommodate the interlayer LDH gap, which was rendered possible by the bond angle twisting within PAMAM−0.5. FTIR spectra confirm the presence of both moieties inside both Zn₂Al/PAMAM G−0.5 and Zn₂Al/PAMAM G+0.5 assemblies. Finally, thermal analysis associated with mass spectrometry confirm this composition, and in situ temperature XRD data reveal that the highly constrained arrangement for the generation +0.5 is not accompanied by a gain in thermal structural stability; in fact, the assembly prepared from PAMAM −0.5 is more stable. Both O/I PAMAM LDH assemblies constitute well-defined materials which are candidate for catalytic applications.     

钡铁氧体粉体及其复合电纺纤维的制备

通过化学共沉淀法制备了磁铅石型钡铁氧体粉体,采用激光粒度仪、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和X-射线衍射仪（XRD）等对其进行表征测试,并采用微波网络分析仪对该粉体的吸波性能进行了初步研究。分别将化学共沉淀法制备的钡铁氧体粉体以及粒径为纳米级的钡铁氧体粉体与聚乙烯吡咯烷酮（PVP）共混后静电纺丝,通过调节钡铁氧体粉体的加入方式及其分散状态等条件,探索最佳纺丝状态,制备出了负载钡铁氧体粒子的电纺纤维毡,采用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）观测了纤维形貌。     

Petrography,textural, morphological and structural characteristics of tuffite for Cu(II) removal. Effect of adsorption process variables

Tuffite has been studied for Cu(II) adsorption from aqueous and ammoniacal solutions. Tuffite was characterized by mercury porosimetry, Brunnauer–Emmet–Teller (BET), scanning electron microscopy–energy X-ray dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) and petrographic microscopy. The equilibrium time was 50 min. The second-order model is the best model to describe the process. It was determined that the intraparticle diffusion was not the only limited step. Process variables were studied to improve the adsorption process. The material washed contributes to increase the Cu(II) adsorption from 213.05 to 276 mg/g. The flow countercurrent system requires at least 6 g of tuffite to achieve 90% of removal.     

3种晶型抗氧剂1010的表征

利用示差扫描量热分析(DSC)、红外光谱(IR)、粉末X射线衍射(XRD)对3种晶型抗氧剂1010进行了表征，对δ－晶型的晶体结构进行了进一步研究，指标化了该晶体的粉末X射线衍射峰，其晶体结构为四方晶系，体心点阵结构，晶胞参数为a＝1.9789nm、c＝0.8847nm，晶胞体积为V＝3.4645nm     

液相沉淀法制备超疏水纳米白炭黑

以水玻璃为原料,采用硫酸制备纳米白炭黑,并利用硅烷偶联剂S i-75对纳米白炭黑进行疏水改性。通过X射线衍射、透射电镜、红外光谱和热重分析对纳米白炭黑进行表征。粉末X射线衍射（XRD）分析结果显示,纳米白炭黑为非晶态二氧化硅;通过透射电镜（TEM）分析可知,改性后的纳米白炭黑分散性更好,团聚降低,白炭黑一次粒径在20 nm-40 nm,粒子之间相互连接形成链枝结构附聚体;红外光谱（FT-IR）和热重分析（TG）显示,硅烷偶联剂S i-75成功地接枝到纳米白炭黑。活化指数（99.6%）的测定表明,合成的纳米白炭黑具有超疏水性。     

Synthesizing and Comparing the Photocatalytic Properties of High Surface Area Rutile and Anatase Titania Nanoparticles

Rutile titania nanocrystalline particles with high specific surface areas were directly prepared by thermal hydrolysis of titanium tetrachloride aqueous solution. The as-prepared rutile titania powder was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller surface area analysis, and Fourier transform Raman and IR spectroscopies. Neither anatase nor amorphous titania could be detected in this titania powder by XRD, Raman spectroscopy, and high-resolution TEM. In the phenol degradation reaction, the rutile titania powder with an initial crystalline size of 7 nm was found to have higher photocatalytic activity than that of anatase titania with the same specific surface area. The rutile titania powders calcined at 300° and 450°C also showed a relatively high photocatalytic property. The high activity of the as-prepared rutile titania was attributed to the abundance of hydroxy groups in the powder, as was proven by thermogravimetric analysis data, which provided more active sites for the degradation reaction.     

磺酸化无定形碳催化剂的制备及其应用

采用加热回流法制备了磺酸化无定形碳固体酸催化剂。通过电感耦合等离子体发射光谱(ICP-AES)、酸碱电位滴定、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)、X射线粉末衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)和热重分析(TGA)等方法对催化剂进行了表征。结果表明,催化剂结构中—SO3H负载量为2.03 mmol/g,与其他固体酸类催化剂相比,磺酸化无定形碳在催化环酮类化合物的Baeyer-Villiger氧化反应以及苯甲醚和苄醇的傅-克烷基化反应中均显示了良好的催化活性。所得催化剂热稳定性好,制备过程简单。