高抗冲耐低温聚丙烯合金的制备及其性能

介绍了ＰＰ／ＨＤＰＥ／ＳＢＳ三元高分子合金的制备及其组成，研究了加工工艺对材料软科学性能与流变性能的影响，实验表明：适宜的聚合物组成在同向啮向双螺杆共混造粒过程中，采用二阶共混、高剪切速率与低速加料的共混工艺，可研制出室温缺口冲击强度为５４．１ｋＪ／ｍ＾２、－２５℃时缺口冲击强度为１０．５ｋＪ／ｍ＾２的高抗冲聚丙烯合金材料。由扫描电镜观察可见，ＨＤＰＥ的加入有利于ＳＢＳ在ＰＰ／ＨＤＰＥ复合基体中更     

相容剂对PS／PP共混合金混容形态和性能的影响

研制了马来酸酯接枝聚丙烯相容剂，并将其用于聚苯乙烯／聚丙烯的共混改性；通过力学性能测试、透射电镜分析、差示扫描量热分析等方法研究了相容剂对ＰＳ／ＰＰ合金的混容形态和力学性能的影响。结果表明：相容剂的加入，使ＰＳ／ＰＰ由不相容的独立聚集的两相变为相畴很小的细分散相，共混高分子的链段运动也表现为趋于均相结构的运动方式。加入相容剂后共混材料的冲击强度有明显提高，拉伸强度也有所上升。相容剂的含量对性能也有较大影响，相容剂用量为８％时，力学性能最好，从ＤＳＣ测试中可以看到此时共混物趋向均相体系；继续增大相容剂用量，合金的力学性能反而下降。     

高滑动性聚苯硫醚合金

日本物质工学工业技术研究所高分子材料部多相高分子研究组用聚合物合金的方法研制成滑动性优异（摩擦系数小,磨损率低）、成型加工性良好、耐冲击性大幅度提高的高滑动性聚苯硫醚（ＰＰＳ）。ＰＰＳ是通用工程塑料,但一直不是滑动性良好的材料。该研究组发现,滑动性不好的ＰＰＳ与低密度聚乙烯（ＬＤＰＥ）以９／１的比例熔融混练,共混物的摩擦系数仅为单纯ＰＰＳ的约１／４,磨损率则仅为ＰＰＳ的１／１００,即滑动性得到飞跃性的提高。据认为这是由于ＬＤＰＥ在其与共混的母材之间形成薄膜起着润滑剂的作用。此共混物的摩擦特性（滑…     

耐热树脂共混物的界面增容研究

研究了ＰＭＲ型聚酰亚胺（ＰＩ）增容聚芳醚酮（ＰＥＫ－Ｃ）／聚苯硫醚（ＰＰＳ）共混物的热学性能、力学性能及其形态结构,对ＰＭＲ型ＰＩ在ＰＥＫ－Ｃ／ＰＰＳ共混物中所起的增容作用机理进行了初步的探讨,实验发现,热固性聚合物预聚物可用于增容热塑性聚合物共混体系,这种增容方法有其特殊性和新颖性,增容后的ＰＥＫ－Ｃ／ＰＰＳ共混物的力学性能得以改善。     

PA1010／PP—g—ATBS／PP共混体系的形态与性能

采有向向双螺杆杆挤出机制备了不同组成的ＰＡ１０１０／ＰＰ及ＰＡ１０１０／ＰＰ－ｇ－ＡＴＢＳ／ＰＰ的共混物。采用聚丙烯接枝丙烯酰胺基甲基丙烷磺酸共聚物（ＰＰ－ｇ－ＡＴＢＳ）作为增容剂来研究对ＰＡ１０１０／ＰＰ共混体系形态与力学性能的影响，研究不同增容剂含量对ＰＡ１０１０／ＰＰ共混物的力学性能，形态结构的影响。     

熔融法制备PP／SBS合金相容剂PP－g－PS

研究了在熔融状态下，苯乙烯（Ｓｔ）与聚丙烯（ＰＰ）的接枝共聚反应。此反应在密炼机中进行。由红外光谱确认聚丙烯接枝苯乙烯（ＰＰ－ｇ－ＰＳ）的生成。以二甲苯作溶剂，甲乙酮作沉淀剂，用溶解－沉淀法测定接校率。通过差示扫描量热计（ＤＳＣ）测定结晶温度（Ｔｃ）和结晶度。将所制备的ＰＰ－ｇ－ＰＳ接枝共聚物掺混进ＰＰ／ＳＢＳ合金中，在ＰＰ／ＳＢＳ／ＰＰ－ｇ－ＰＳ（８０：１０：１０）的配比下进行共混，结果表明其在室温和－２５℃之下的冲击强度均比ＰＰ／ＳＢＳ有明显的提高。通过动态力学测试表明接枝共聚物提高了ＰＰ与ＳＢＳ的相容性。     

辐射增强相界面反应改善PP／PE共混体系相间粘结的研究

采用三烯丙在异腈脲酸酯（ＴＡＩＣ）为多官能团单体,研究了ＰＰ／ＰＥ／ＴＡＩＣ共混体系的辐射增强相界面反应。应用ＳＥＭ、ＤＳＣ、ＤＤＶ对共混体系的形态结构和相容性进行了表征。结果表明,在ＰＰ／ＰＥ共混物中加入ＴＡＩＣ后,经＾６０Ｃｏγ射线辐照可以增强ＰＰ／ＰＥ共混物的相间粘结,共混物具有好的相容性,力学性能得到改善。     

离聚物Surlyn对PBT及PBT／PP共混体系热稳定性的影响及其动力学研究

制备了ＰＢＴ／ＰＰ／Ｓｕｒｌｙｎ的共混样品，用热重分析（ＴＧＡ）、差示热重分析（ＤＴＧ）等方法研究了离聚体Ｓｕｒｌｙｎ对ＰＢＴ及ＰＢＴ／ＰＰ共混体系热稳定性的影响，并进行了动力学处理。结果表明，在所研究的含量范围内（＜１０ＰＨＲ），Ｓｕｒｌｙｎ可提高ＰＢＴ的热稳定性，二者在热降解反应过程中不是彼此独立进行的，而是存在一定的相互作用；ＰＢＴ／ＰＰ共混物呈现一个较简单的热降解过程，Ｓｕｒｌｙｎ的加入可使ＰＢＴ／ＰＰ共混体系热稳定性有所提高，在Ｓｕｒｌｙｎ含量为４～６ＰＨＲ时达到最佳。ＰＢＴ／ＰＰ／Ｓｕｒｌｙｎ三元共混物的动力学参数是：在空气和Ｎ２中的热降解反应级数为１；频律因子为１０２１～１０２３数量级；表观活化能约为２９０ｋＪ／ｍｏｌ。     

聚苯乙烯共混聚丙烯树脂的熔融流变行为

文章研究了聚苯乙烯（ＰＳ）与聚丙烯（ＰＰ）共混物的熔融流变行为。采用索氏抽提法研究表明ＰＳ与ＰＰ产生了接技反应，ＰＳ用量在０～２０ｗｔ％范围内，１０ｗｔ％共混物接技量为最大，同时在ＰＰ中分散的ＰＳ粒径最小。随着ＰＳ含量的增加，减少了熔融粘度，组成－熔融粘度曲线在ＰＳ为１０ｗｔ％时略有所弯曲，通过接技反应，增大了ＰＰ粒子的范畴。     

非弹性体增韧尼龙结构与性能

根据非弹性体增韧机理，研究了以马来酸酐接枝ＰＰ作为ＰＡ６和ＰＰ共混制备ＰＡ／ＰＰ合金的相容剂，对金结构与性能的影响。结果表明，相容剂大大改善了合金的形态结构，使合金冲击强度大幅度提高，且得到综合性能优良的ＰＡ６／ＰＰ合金。     

POE-g-MAH对PP/PS合金形态结构和力学性能的影响

采用双螺杆挤出机反应挤出法制备了马来酸酐接枝乙烯-1-辛烯共聚物(POE-g-MAH)。研究了聚苯乙烯(PS)和POE-g-MAH对聚丙烯(PP)/PS合金形态结构和力学性能的影响。结果表明:PS能提高PP/PS合金的拉伸强度和弯曲强度,同时降低了其冲击强度;在PP/PS合金中加入少于5份的POE-g-MAH,不仅能够显著改善PP/PS合金的相容性,明显降低分散相的粒径,而且能够使PP/PS合金在保持较高的拉伸强度和弹性模量的同时,大幅度提高其冲击强度。     

增容聚丙烯/聚苯乙烯共混物的相形态

综述了作为增容剂的接枝共聚物与嵌段共聚物,反应增容,其他技术增容以及共混条件对聚丙烯／聚苯乙烯(PP,PS)共混物的相形态研究进展。PP／PS共混物通过增容可以改善共混物相形态和提高界面粘结,这为提高PP／PS共混物的物理与力学性能提供了依据。     

PO／PS合金的相态结构与力学性能

以氢化ＳＢＳ（ＳＥＢＳ）为增容剂的聚烯烃／聚苯乙烯（ＰＯ／ＰＳ）合金，与聚烯烃相比具有更好的力学性能，尤其是抗冲击强度随机容剂的增加而大幅度提高，应用ＴＥＭ，ＳＥＭ、ＤＳＣ、偏光显微技术对一系列合金相形态，相容程度及分散相颗粒尺的考察研究发现，合金中分散相多数呈卵石状，随ＳＥＢＳ含量增加，分散相粒径显著变小，而合金抗冲击强度增大，分散相形态结构。颗粒尺寸与材料力学性能密切相联。     

Synthesis of polypropylene‐grafted graphene and its compatibilization effect on polypropylene/polystyrene blends

Polypropylene‐graft‐reduced graphene oxide (PP‐g‐rGO) was synthesized and used as a novel compatibilizer for PP/polystyrene (PP/PS) immiscible polymer blends. SEM observation revealed an obvious reduction of the average diameter for the dispersed PS phase with the addition of PP‐g‐rGO into a PP/PS (70/30, w/w) blend. The compatibilization effect of PP‐g‐rGO will subsequently lead to the enhancement of the tensile strength and elongation at break of the PP/PS blends. The compatibilizing mechanism should be ascribed to the fact that PP‐g‐rGO can not only adsorb PS chains on their basal planes through π‐π stacking but also exhibit intermolecular interactions with PP through the grafted PP chains. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014 , 131, 40455.     

PE/PP/PS反应性共混研究

研究了无水AlCl₃在PE/PP/PS共混过程中的反应性作用,考察了无水AlCl₃用量对PE/PP/PS合金力学性能和PP结晶行为的影响。结果表明:在PE/PP/PS共混过程中加入适量的无水AlCl₃,可以起到有效的增容作用,提高了合金的力学性能。     

Phase morphology,thermomechanical, and crystallization behavior of uncompatibilized and PP‐g‐MAH compatibilized polypropylene/polystyrene blends

In this article, we discuss the phase morphology, thermal, mechanical, and crystallization properties of uncompatibilized and compatibilized polypropylene/polystyrene (PP/PS) blends. It is observed that the Young's modulus increases, but other mechanical properties such as tensile strength, flexural strength, elongation at break, and impact strength decrease by blending PS to PP. The tensile strength and Young's modulus of PP/PS blends were compared with various theoretical models. The thermal stability, melting, and crystallization temperatures and percentage crystallinity of semicrystalline PP in the blends were marginally decreased by the addition of amorphous PS. The presence of maleic anhydride‐grafted polypropylene (compatibilizer) increases the phase stability of 90/10 and 80/20 blends by preventing the coalescence. Hence, finer and more uniform droplets of PS dispersed phases are observed. The compatibilizer induced some improvement in impact strength for the blends with PP matrix phase, however fluctuations in modulus, strength and ductility were observed with respect to the uncompatibilized blend. The thermal stability was not much affected by the addition of the compatibilizer for the PP rich blends but shows some decrease in the thermal stability of the blends, where PS forms the matrix. On the other hand, the % crystallinity was increased by the addition of compatibilizer, irrespective of the blend concentration. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015 , 132, 42100.     

Compatibilization of polypropylene/polystyrene blends with poly(styrene-b-butadiene-b-styrene) block copolymer

The compatibilizing effect of the triblock copolymer poly(styrene-b-butadiene-b-styrene) (SBS) on the morphology and mechanical properties of immiscible polypropylene/polystyrene (PP/PS) blends were studied. Blends with three different weight ratios of PP and PS were prepared and three different concentrations of SBS were used for investigations of its compatibilizing effects. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that SBS reduced the diameter of the PS-dispersed particles as well as improved the adhesion between the matrix and the dispersed phase. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed that in the PP matrix dispersed particles were complex “honeycomblike” aggregates of PS particles enveloped and joined together with the SBS compatibilizer. Wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD) analysis showed that the degree of crystallinity of PP/PS/SBS slightly exceeded the values given by the addition rule. At the same time, addition of SBS to pure PP and to PP/PS blends changed the orientation parameters A₁₁₀ and C significantly, indicating an obvious SBS influence on the crystallization process in the PP matrix. SBS interactions with PP and PS influenced the mechanical properties of the compatibilized PP/PS/SBS blends. Addition of SBS decreased the yield stress and the Young's modulus and improved the elongation at yield as well as the notched impact strength in comparison to the binary PP/PS blends. Some theoretical models for the determination of the Young's modulus of binary PP/PS blends were used for comparison with the experimental results. The experimental line was closest to the series model line. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 69: 2625–2639, 1998     

Influences of compatibilization and compounding process on electrical conduction and thermal stabilities of carbon black‐filled immiscible polypropylene/polystyrene blends

The influences of styrene–butadiene–styrene (SBS) copolymer compatibilizer and compounding process on the electrical conduction and thermal stabilities of carbon black (CB)‐filled immiscible polypropylene (PP)/polystyrene (PS) (1/1) blends were investigated. The immiscible CB/PP/PS composite with CB homogeneously located in the PS phase exhibited the highest resistivity and the fastest variation amplitudes of electrical resistivity (ρ) and rheological parameters upon annealing. An optimal content of 5 vol% SBS could significantly lower ρ of the composites by partially trapping CB particles in the PP/PS interfacial region and by reducing the phase size. The compatibilizer markedly slowed down the variation amplitudes of ρ and rheological parameters and the phase coalescence of the composites submitted to thermal annealing. The (SBS/CB)/PP/PS composite with CB located at the PP/PS interface and in the PP phase prepared by blending a (SBS/CB) masterbatch with PP and PS exhibited lower ρ and better thermal stability in comparison with the CB/SBS/PP/PS composite with CB mainly within the PS phase and partially at the PP/PS interface prepared by direct blending. Spreading and wetting coefficients were used to explain the CB distribution and the phase morphology of the composites. © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry     

Influence of polarity on the preferential intercalation behavior of clay in immiscible polypropylene/polystyrene blend

The immiscible polypropylene (PP)/polystyrene (PS) blend was prepared via melt compounding and the preferential intercalation behavior of clay was investigated by wide angle X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). It was found that the clay platelets initially located in the PS phase in PP/PS/Clay composites and PS chains intercalated into the clay layers. However, all clay migrated from the PS phase to the modified PP phase after introducing polar maleic anhydride group (MAH) to PP chains. Interestingly, most of clay migrated from the modified PP phase to the modified PS phase again when PS matrix was modified with sulfonic group, and some enriched in the interphase region. The interaction energy density (B) of the blends was determined by combining the melting point variation with the ternary interaction model for heat of mixing. It was found that the value of B decreased with the introduction of polar group (MAH or sulfonic group), indicating that the polarization of PP and PS can enhance interaction between clay platelet and polymer component. Different interaction between clay platelet and polymer component leads to the preferential intercalation behavior. The higher polarity of the polymer generates higher interaction between clay and polymer component as well as results in stronger preferential intercalating ability. Moreover, the results of FTIR spectra after extraction of all samples gave additional explanation of the preferential intercalation behavior of clay in the immiscible PP/PS blends. On the basis of the results of the measurement mentioned above, a possible mechanism was proposed. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008     

石蜡的聚烯烃定形包覆研究

低熔点石蜡为芯材,聚苯乙烯、聚丙烯和聚乙烯3种高分子材料作支撑材料,以加热熔融的方法制备了3种定形复合相变材料,确定了3种高分子材料对潜热为222.01 kJ/kg的17℃石蜡的最大包裹量分别为w(石蜡)=46%、51%、73%。用差示扫描量热仪对3种定形复合相变材料进行了测定,分析了所制备的定形复合相变材料的相变温度、相变潜热、热稳定性等性能。结果表明,石蜡经过高分子材料包覆之后,其相变温度有所降低,相变焓值有所提高,而且该定形相变材料可以加工成粉体材料,进一步拓展了产品的应用领域。