锈蚀钢筋混凝土梁疲劳性能试验研究

通过锈蚀钢筋混凝土梁的疲劳试验,分析了主筋锈蚀与混凝土梁疲劳性能的关系。疲劳试验包括1根钢筋未锈蚀的对比梁和8根钢筋锈蚀率介于4%～12%的试验梁。试验结果表明锈蚀钢筋混凝土梁的刚度在疲劳过程中表现出“下降—平稳—上升”三阶段特性。由于钢筋混凝土梁中钢筋的不均匀锈蚀,钢筋表面产生明显的坑蚀,锈蚀梁的疲劳破坏在应力幅最大且表面有坑蚀的钢筋截面发生。随着主筋锈蚀率的增加,梁的疲劳寿命急剧缩短,其破坏形式为受拉钢筋脆性断裂,破坏前没有预兆。振动测试表明,梁的基本频率并不是随疲劳损伤积累而单调下降,实测基本频率不能可靠地预报锈蚀钢筋的疲劳断裂破坏。同时,在相同疲劳循环次数下,随疲劳应力幅的增大,钢筋锈蚀的性能逐渐由软钢向硬钢转变。     

碳纤维布加固火灾后钢筋混凝土梁的试验研究

首先简要介绍了3根足尺的钢筋混凝土梁火灾试验情况,火灾后用碳纤维布加固其中两根梁,然后对加固后的梁和1根未加固的对比梁进行单调加载的静载试验,观测比较梁发生破坏的全过程.通过对静载试验结果进行分析发现,碳纤维布加固能够明显提高火灾后钢筋混凝土梁的极限承载力和钢筋屈服后的刚度,能够较好约束梁裂缝的发展.因此,碳纤维布对于火灾损伤后的钢筋混凝土梁,是一种较为有效的加固方法.     

碳纤维布加固钢筋混凝土梁抗剪性能试验研究

通过对5根碳纤维布加固钢筋混凝土梁抗剪性能的试验研究,观测并分析了实验梁发生破坏的全过程和破坏形态特点、抗剪承载力的提高程度和斜截面纤维应变的分布特征,并得出了一些有益于实践的结论,以供参考。     

Effect of bond enhancement using carbon nanotubes on flexural behavior of RC beams strengthened with externally bonded CFRP sheets

This paper studied the effect of incorporation of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) on strengthening of reinforced concrete (RC) beams. The RC beams were prepared, strengthened in flexure by externally bonded CFRP or CNTs-modified CFRP sheets, and tested under four-point loading. The experimental results showed the ability of the CNTs to delay the initiation of the cracks and to enhance the flexural capacity of the beams strengthened with CFRP. A nonlinear finite element (FE) model was built, validated, and used to study the effect of various parameters on the strengthening efficiency of CNTs-modified CFRP. The studied parameters included concrete strength, flexural reinforcement ratio, and CFRP sheet configuration. The numerical results showed that utilization of CNTs in CFRP production improved the flexural capacity of the strengthened beams for U-shape and underside-strip configurations. The enhancement was more pronounced in the case of U-shape than in the case of use of sheet strip covers on the underside of the beam. In case of using underside-strip, the longer or the wider the sheet, the higher was the flexural capacity of the beams. The flexural enhancement of RC beams by strengthening with CNTs-modified CFRP decreased with increasing the rebar diameter and was not affected by concrete strength.     

CFRP嵌入式加固混凝土梁抗弯性能试验研究

通过对3根对比梁和8根加固粱进行了试验研究,结果表明：CFRP布嵌入式加固能有效提高混凝土梁的抗弯承载力,另外,不同初始弯矩作用下加固梁的极限承载力几乎相同。     

预应力碳纤维布加固钢筋混凝土梁的抗弯性能试验研究

通过9根预应力碳纤维布加固的钢筋混凝土梁在不同预应力水平和不同配布率下的抗弯性能试验,研究其开裂荷载、屈服荷载、极限荷载、曲率延性等受力性能。试验结果表明,梁的破坏形态均为碳纤维布拉断;梁的开裂荷载及屈服荷载随碳纤维布的预应力水平或配布率的提高而提高,但屈服荷载的提高幅度明显小于开裂荷载的提高幅度。另外,配布率较低、预应力水平较高的梁的开裂荷载与屈服荷载高于配布率较高而预应力水平较低的梁的开裂荷载与屈服荷载。梁的极限荷载随配布率的提高而提高。在较高配布率情况下,梁的极限承载力随预应力的提高而略有提高。加固梁的曲率延性系数随预应力和配布率的提高而减小。为保证加固梁破坏时具有一定的延性,建议预应力水平最高控制在40%~50%。     

存在薄弱界面的碳纤维布复合材料加固钢筋混凝土梁剥离试验研究

置换受损保护层并外贴碳纤维复合材料（CFRP）加固锈蚀钢筋混凝土梁时,可能因新老混凝土黏结不良产生水平薄弱界面,影响其受力性能。基于此,设计10个带有水平弱界面的CFRP加固钢筋混凝土梁试件,对比分析不同界面黏结强度、加固量、保护层厚度及U形箍约束条件下加固梁的受力性能及CFRP的剥离破坏行为。结果表明,薄弱界面的存在易导致中部保护层剥离过早发生,并向端部发展,削弱了加固体系的整体性,无约束条件下纵向CFRP发生整体剥离。界面削弱越严重,加固量越大,保护层厚度越小,界面剪切传递能力越弱,剥离破坏越易发生和发展。U形箍约束能防止纵向CFRP整体剥离破坏,保证其有效受力,但不能完全防止局部剥离沿薄弱界面发展,易导致纵向CFRP在复合受力条件下过早断裂,且存在较高的端部锚固破坏的风险。     

混凝土帆布和碳纤维布联合约束圆形截面混凝土短柱轴压性能研究

为研究混凝土帆布(CC)与碳纤维(CFRP)布联合约束工作机理,以CC、CFRP布层数、混凝土强度等级及试件尺寸为变量,设计了7个圆形截面素混凝土短柱,对其施加单调轴压荷载。由试验现象及荷载-位移曲线可知,CC与CFRP布可协同工作;相较于未约束或CFRP布与单独约束短柱,CC与CFRP布联合约束短柱承载力及延性提高幅度较大。通过对核心区混凝土、CC层及CFRP布层受力分析,计算得到其弹性理论围压,结合未约束构件混凝土强度,建立联合约束约束混凝土强度与围压函数关系。引入CC与CFRP布约束特征值λ以表征联合约束对核心区混凝土约束程度,建立基于单因素约束特征值λ的联合约束约束混凝土强度函数关系f(λ)。与已有试验数据进行对比表明,函数关系f(λ)具备一定的可靠性。     

Experimental and analytical investigation of CFRP flexural and shear strengthening efficiencies of RC beams

This paper studies the CFRP flexure and shear strengthening efficiencies of concrete beams. Half-scale beams, with different flexure and shear internal steel ratios, were tested in three-point bending. Flexure or shear-critical beams were provided with CFRP longitudinal sheets or U-wraps, respectively. Flexure–shear-critical beams were provided with shear or combined systems. At high flexural damage, 38.3% reduction in shear strengthening efficiency was noted at higher ductility, while the flexural strengthening efficiency reduced by 65.7% at high shear damage, both from capacity perspectives. The U-wraps were 22% activated, while full sheet activation occurred and reduced by dowel rupture by 30.8% at high shear damage. While single failures were accurately predicted by ACI 318M-05 and ACI 440.2R-08, combined ones were not.     

循环载荷下纤维薄板增强RC梁的疲劳性能研究

通过建立循环载荷下碳纤维薄板(CFL)增强RC梁的累积损伤模型,并与增强梁的疲劳试验结果进行对比,研究增强构件的疲劳性能和损伤、破坏过程。试验发现CFL增强RC梁的疲劳损伤演化历程包括混凝土开裂、CFL与混凝土剥离、钢筋屈服等过程,具有明显的疲劳损伤成核、稳定扩展、失稳扩展三阶段发展规律,根据增强梁的载荷、挠度历程可以得到抗弯刚度演化历程。研究结果表明用CFL增强RC梁的剩余抗弯刚度来度量其疲劳损伤变量具有明确的物理意义,在此基础上建立的疲劳损伤演化方程能够准确模拟CFL增强RC梁的疲劳损伤破坏过程,进一步结合抗弯刚度可预测其剩余疲劳寿命。     

Flexural strengthening of RC beams with prestressed NSM CFRP rods – Experimental and analytical investigation

The effectiveness of strengthening reinforced concrete (RC) beams with prestressed near-surface mounted (NSM) carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) rods was investigated. Four RC beams (254 mm deep by 152 mm wide by 3500 mm long) were tested under monotonic loading. One beam was kept un-strengthened as a control beam. One beam was strengthened with a non-prestressed NSM CFRP rod. Two beams were strengthened with prestressed NSM CFRP rods stressed to 40% and 60% of the rod’s ultimate strength. The test results showed that strengthening with non-prestressed NSM CFRP rod enhanced the flexural response of the beam compared to that of the control beam. A remarkable improvement in the response was obtained when the RC beams were strengthened with prestressed (40% and 60%) NSM CFRP rods. An increase up to 90% in the yield load and a 79% in the ultimate load compared to those of the control beam were obtained. An analytical model was developed using sectional analysis method to predict the flexural response of RC beams strengthened with prestressed NSM CFRP rods. The proposed model showed excellent agreement with the experimental results.     

钢筋混凝土梁加固时的既有荷载对其抗弯性能的影响

模拟实际构件的加固及受力过程,对梁在承受不同荷载作用时外贴CFRP加固进行了抗弯试验和理论分析。试件包括16根外贴CFRP加固梁和2根对比梁。试验参数为:纵筋配筋率、CFRP加固量、粘贴纤维布时持载大小。论文对持载的大小对梁的抗弯性能的影响进行了详细的分析。试验和分析结果表明:采用CFRP加固的钢筋混凝土梁的刚度较普通钢筋混凝土梁的刚度都有明显提高,纤维布对以抗弯为主的构件具有增强刚度、控制挠度的作用。纤维加固时梁所持荷载的大小,对梁的刚度有较大影响,特别是对屈服阶段的刚度影响较大;但对梁的屈服荷载及极限承载力影响较小,可以忽略其影响。论文的试验现象及分析结果都有新颖之处,对相应规范的编制及工程应用有较高的参考价值。     

疲劳损伤RC梁氯离子腐蚀后疲劳性能和氯离子扩散性试验研究

对于沿海地区具有疲劳损伤的在役钢筋混凝土(RC)桥梁结构,其在氯腐蚀后的疲劳性能和氯离子扩散性对于结构耐久性设计和评估至关重要。为此,通过试验研究15根不同初始疲劳损伤程度RC梁在氯腐蚀后的疲劳性能和混凝土中氯离子含量,试验参数包括荷载水平(疲劳荷载上限与静载极限荷载之比,取0.2~0.5)、初始疲劳加载次数(1×104~120×104)、氯腐蚀时间(90、180d)和受拉纵筋配筋率(1.06%、1.59%和2.91%)。试验结果表明：疲劳损伤RC梁在氯腐蚀后进行疲劳加载时,梁挠度和混凝土应变等呈现典型的三阶段变化特征;荷载水平、初始疲劳加载次数、氯腐蚀时间和受拉纵筋配筋率均对其剩余疲劳寿命影响显著,荷载水平(不小于0.4)、初始疲劳加载次数(第一疲劳阶段)和氯腐蚀时间的增加均引起剩余疲劳寿命迅速降低,当配筋率增加到42%界限配筋率时,寿命有所增加;受拉混凝土氯离子扩散性的增加与RC梁剩余疲劳寿命的降低相关联,而受压混凝土的扩散性随荷载水平、初始疲劳加载次数和配筋率的增加而增加。     

Damaged RC beams repaired by bonding of CFRP laminates

This paper summarizes the results of experimental studies on damaged reinforced concrete beams repaired by external bonding of carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composite laminates to the tensile face of the beam. Two sets of beams were tested in this study: control beams (without CFRP laminates) and damaged and then repaired beams with different amounts of CFRP laminates by varying different parameters (damage degree, CFRP laminate width, concrete strength class). All beams were tested in four-point bending over a span of 1800 mm. The tests were carried out under displacement control. The most investigated parameter in this experimental study is damage degree (ratio between pre-cracked load and load capacity of control beam). Repairing damaged RC beams with externally bonded CFRP laminates were successful for different degrees of damage. The observed failure modes were peeling off and interfacial debonding. These failure modes depend only on the laminate width.The results indicate that the load capacity and the rigidity of repaired beams were significantly higher then those of control beam for all tested damage degrees. The authors remarked that for a load capacity improvement, reinforcement with a CFRP having about a half width of the beam is satisfactory. Finally, the contribution of CFRP laminates on the load capacity and rigidity of repaired RC beams is significant for any concrete strength class.     

Experimental study on fatigue behavior and chloride diffusivity of fatigue damaged RC beams after chloride attack

对于沿海地区具有疲劳损伤的在役钢筋混凝土(RC)桥梁结构，其在氯腐蚀后的疲劳性能和氯离子扩散性对于结构耐久性设计和评估至关重要。为此，通过试验研究15根不同初始疲劳损伤程度RC梁在氯腐蚀后的疲劳性能和混凝土中氯离子含量，试验参数包括荷载水平(疲劳荷载上限与静载极限荷载之比，取0.2~0.5)、初始疲劳加载次数(1×104~120×104)、氯腐蚀时间(90、180d)和受拉纵筋配筋率(1.06%、1.59%和2.91%)。试验结果表明：疲劳损伤RC梁在氯腐蚀后进行疲劳加载时，梁挠度和混凝土应变等呈现典型的三阶段变化特征；荷载水平、初始疲劳加载次数、氯腐蚀时间和受拉纵筋配筋率均对其剩余疲劳寿命影响显著，荷载水平(不小于0.4)、初始疲劳加载次数(第一疲劳阶段)和氯腐蚀时间的增加均引起剩余疲劳寿命迅速降低，当配筋率增加到42%界限配筋率时，寿命有所增加；受拉混凝土氯离子扩散性的增加与RC梁剩余疲劳寿命的降低相关联，而受压混凝土的扩散性随荷载水平、初始疲劳加载次数和配筋率的增加而增加。     

CFRP加固钢筋再生混凝土梁的弯曲性能研究

为研究再生混凝土梁的弯曲性能,进行了钢筋再生混凝土梁及其经CFRP加固后的受弯性能试验研究,分析了再生粗骨料取代率和CFRP加固层数对再生混凝土梁受力性能的影响,比较了钢筋再生混凝土梁加固前后的挠度和裂缝扩展情况。试验结果表明：再生混凝土梁的变形能力和受弯承载力较普通混凝土梁没有明显降低,但其刚度和延性均有所降低,可通过CFRP加固提高其刚度和极限荷载,但不能改善其变形能力; CFRP加固层数对钢筋再生混凝土梁的开裂荷载、屈服荷载和极限荷载影响较大,其中极限荷载受加固层数影响最大。通过理论计算和有限元分析,建立了钢筋再生混凝土梁及其经CFRP加固后的受弯承载力计算式,理论计算结果与钢筋再生混凝土梁的试验结果符合较好。研究成果可为再生混凝土梁的工程应用提供参考依据。     

CFRP受剪加固钢筋混凝土梁的理论研究

对CFRP受剪加固钢筋混凝土梁的方法及破坏模式进行了分析,对受剪承载力的计算方法进行了研究,提出了采用CFRP加固混凝土构件的施工要点,以供参考。     

二次受力下碳纤维布加固钢筋混凝土梁的分析

以有限元软件ANSYS为分析工具对二次受力状态下碳纤维布加固钢筋混凝土梁的受弯承载力进行了非线性分析,并与试验值进行对比,结果表明：ANSYS计算值与试验值吻合较好,初始荷载的存在会降低碳纤维布加固的效果,建议在实际加固工程中尽可能卸载,以保证加固效果。     

关于CFRP加固钢筋混凝土受弯构件抗弯刚度的非线性有限元研究

利用大型通用有限元软件ANSYS10.0,对碳纤维片材(CFRP)加固钢筋混凝土梁的挠度进行了非线性有限元分析.研究了各种加固方案的挠度随荷载变化的情况,并与实测值进行了对比,计算表明,数值模拟的结果与实测值能较好地吻合,且粘贴碳纤维布后可使挠度明显减少.