浅谈混凝土中钢筋锈蚀的产生与防止措施

阐述了钢筋锈蚀机理，从pH值、Cl^-含量、混凝土保护层等多方面，分析了混凝土中钢筋锈蚀的影响因素，并从合理选材、提高混凝土密实度、增加保护层厚度等方面，提出了防止钢筋锈蚀的措施。     

混凝土强度对混凝土中钢筋腐蚀的影响

混凝土保护钢筋不被腐蚀.人们普遍认为钢筋混凝土中钢筋的腐蚀随混凝土强度变化.为研究钢筋腐蚀率随混凝土强度的变化规律,通过浇筑20个钢筋混凝土试件,养护至4种不同龄期后将钢筋腐蚀相同的时间.电解液腐蚀方法用于诱导腐蚀以便加快腐蚀速度.钢筋的理论腐蚀量根据法拉第定律计算,实际腐蚀率根据钢筋腐蚀前后的重量损失计算.试验数据显示当混凝土强度为23～35MPa时,钢筋腐蚀率随混凝土强度增大有下降趋势,但混凝土强度为27～30MPa时,钢筋腐蚀率反而随混凝土强度增大而升高.     

The resistance of high alumina cement against corrosion of steel in concrete

The present study concerns the resistance of high alumina cement (HAC) concrete to chloride-induced corrosion, in terms of corrosion behaviour, binding of chloride ions and chloride transport. The corrosion resistance was evaluated using concrete specimens containing steel rebar exposed to a salt environment. The binding capacity of chloride ions was measured at 28, 58 and 91 days by the water extraction method. The rate of chloride transport was expressed into apparent diffusion coefficient and surface chloride content. The strength test was also performed at up to 365 days. As a result, it was found that the compressive strength for HAC concrete was always higher than for OPC, although a reduction of the strength for HAC concrete was observed at 28 days. The corrosion rate in HAC mortar and concrete indicated the lower values than OPC ones in spite of the lower chloride binding capacity of HAC paste. For chloride transport, there is only marginal difference in the diffusivity of chloride ions between in HAC and OPC concrete.     

YJH渗透结晶型防水材料对钢筋锈蚀的防护作用

通过对水泥砂浆试件的吸水率、电极电位变化以及强度的测试，研究了YJH渗透结晶型防水材料对钢筋锈蚀的防护作用。实验结果表明，YJH渗透结晶型防水材料可以显著减少水或其它溶液向水泥混凝土内部的渗透，从而有效防止混凝土中钢筋的锈蚀。并可提高试样的强度。     

The effect of chloride-induced steel corrosion on service life of reinforced concrete structures

Chloride-induced corrosion is one of the most important deterioration mechanisms in reinforced concrete structures. This study presents detailed theoretical models for predicting service life of reinforced concrete structures exposed to chloride attack. Three stages are considered in the corrosion process: the diffusion period, the rust accumulation period and the crack propagation period. For the diffusion period, the fully coupled moisture diffusion and chloride penetration in concrete are considered as the main driving forces of the deterioration process. Two-way coupled diffusion equations are used to characterize the length of this period. For the rust accumulation period, the chemo-mechanical coupling between the formation of the rust and the development of the interface pressure is considered as the driving force. For the crack propagation period, the interface pressure induced by the rust expansion and the fracture resistance of the cracked concrete determine the rate of crack propagation. The theoretical models developed in the present study are capable of simulating the entire process of the chloride-induced corrosion damage, and predicting the service life of reinforced concrete structures.     

碳纤维布在加固钢筋混凝土梁中的应用

介绍了碳纤维布的性能特点及其在加固钢筋混凝土梁中的应用,对钢筋混凝土梁的破坏形态进行了分析,采用了碳纤维布加固技术对其加固,达到了良好的效果。     

钢筋混凝土抗海水中氯离子腐蚀的试验研究

本文通过对常规混凝土、粉煤灰混凝土和磨细矿渣粉混凝土氯离子腐蚀深度的对比试验，着眼干配制性能优良的抗海水腐蚀混凝土，以满足近海水工建筑物耐海水腐蚀的要求。     

Carbonation-induced reinforcement corrosion in silica fume concrete

This study presents the results of carbonation depth and carbonation-induced reinforcement corrosion in concrete samples with silica fume additions of up to 20% and water/binder ratios ranging from 0.30 to 0.80. The behavior of the additions is determined by the w/b ratios. For w/b ratios lower or equal to 0.45–0.50, carbonation processes in these materials are controlled by the porosity of the material and the consumption of Ca(OH)₂ has a negligible effect on carbonation. For higher w/b ratios, the consumption of Ca(OH)₂ plays a significant role. At the same time, the results of reinforcement corrosion indicate that the effect of silica fume additions depends on their concentration. In concentrations equal to or lower than 10%, silica fume will not reduce corrosion resistance and it may actually increase it when used in concentrations below this level. When used in concentrations greater than 10%, silica fume increases the potential for carbonation-induced reinforcement corrosion.     

钢筋锈蚀对混凝土结构耐久性的影响

针对混凝土结构耐久性的重要性,简述了混凝土结构耐久性的含义,分析了造成混凝土构件中钢筋锈蚀的因素,详细地阐述了避免钢筋锈蚀对混凝土耐久性影响应采取的措施,从而有效提高建筑物的耐久性。     

一种新的混凝土中钢筋加速锈蚀的方法

从混凝土中钢筋的锈蚀机理出发,对已有的混凝土中钢筋加速锈蚀的方法比较分析,将加速锈蚀反应的锈蚀介质进行合理改进,以湿盐砂充当介质,并利用法拉第原理对锈蚀率进行控制,据此设计实验对钢筋混凝土梁中钢筋进行加速锈蚀。结果表明,以湿盐砂为介质的加速锈蚀方法所获得的锈蚀效果与实际混凝土结构中钢筋的锈蚀效果极其接近,具有良好的可行性和适用性。     

养护条件对再生混凝土抵抗碳化和钢筋锈蚀能力的影响

将废弃混凝土加工成再生骨料,以其50%代替天然卵石骨料制备再生混凝土,试验研究了养护条件不同对再生混凝土抵抗碳化能力以及钢筋锈蚀能力的影响。试验结果表明：再生混凝土碳化深度随标准养护龄期的降低而急剧增加;再生混凝土抵抗钢筋锈蚀的能力随标准养护龄期的减少而降低,再生混凝土钢筋锈蚀率大于普通混凝土钢筋锈蚀率,普通混凝土的钢筋锈蚀失重率多数小于0.3%,钢筋基本无锈蚀,再生混凝土的钢筋锈蚀失重率多数大于0.3%,锈蚀明显。     

Pullout resistance of geogrid and steel reinforcement embedded in lightweight cellular concrete backfill

Lightweight Cellular Concrete (LCC) has been increasingly used as backfill material for retaining walls, ground improvement, and pavements due to its low self-weight, quick installation, and high compressive strength as compared with soils. This paper presents a series of pullout tests performed in the laboratory to investigate the pullout resistance of geogrid (extensible reinforcement) and steel strip (inextensible reinforcement) embedded in LCC. Pullout displacements and pullout forces were monitored using displacement transducers (DT) and a load cell during the pullout process. This study investigated the effects of age, normal stress, fly ash, the presence of a cold joint, and re-pullout on the pullout resistance and calculated the pullout resistance factors F* for geogrid and steel strip embedded in LCC. Test results show that for the geogrid embedded in LCC, the maximum pullout force increased as the normal stress increased. For the steel strip embedded in LCC, the maximum pullout force was independent of the normal stress and increased as the age and the cement to fly ash ratio increased. Test results also show that the presence of a cold joint did not reduce the pullout resistance, while the re-pullout test had lower pullout resistance compared to the original pullout test for the same specimen. The pullout resistance factors F* for steel strips were greater than those for geogrids and these factors decreased as the normal stress increased.     

Utilisation of electrical resistance method for the evaluation of the state of steel reinforcement in concrete and the rate of its corrosion

In this paper, the applications of an electrical resistance method for monitoring of the state of steel reinforcement in concrete and its rate have been described. The following possibilities of the method were shown: an estimation of quantitative data on corroding steel reinforcement, including the values of a cross-sectional decrease, the depth of the corroded layer, the mass loss of steel material due to corrosion; the possibility of the mathematical modelling of the dependence of the rate of steel reinforcement on important factors like ambient relative humidity, concentration of chloride in embedding concrete and others; and obtaining quantitative data on corroding steel reinforcement by means of a potentiodynamic method through the results of the electrical resistance method and the related mathematical relationship.     

Effect of dust in coarse aggregates on reinforcement corrosion in concrete

This paper reports results of a study conducted to investigate the effect of dust, contributed by the coarse aggregates, on the corrosion of reinforcing steel in concrete. The concrete specimens were prepared with up to 10% dust in the coarse aggregates. Two other batches of reinforced concrete specimens were also prepared. In one batch of specimens the aggregates were washed with raw water (total dissolved solids: 3338 ppm) while the dust in the second batch was removed by vacuum suction. Reinforcement corrosion was monitored by measuring corrosion potentials and corrosion current density. The results indicated that up to 10% dust in the coarse aggregates did not cause any corrosion of the reinforcing steel. Similarly, reinforcement corrosion was not noted in the concrete specimens prepared with coarse aggregates washed with raw water or cleaned with vacuum suction.     

电化学检测技术在混凝土内钢筋腐蚀研究中的应用现状与展望

钢筋腐蚀引起的混凝土结构耐久性的退化目前己成为混凝土研究领域关注的课题。钢筋腐蚀的机理是钢筋表面阴极和阳极之间的电化学反应；钢筋腐蚀速度的准确检测是结构的耐久性评估、可靠度计算、剩余寿命预测以及工程加固的前提。目前在钢筋腐蚀速度检测方面，电化学检测技术因其设备简单、测量精度高且适合于现场检测而越来越受到人们重视。本文就电化学技术在研究混凝土内钢筋腐蚀机理、检测混凝土内钢筋腐蚀速度等方面的应用现状进行了总结，并对今后需进一步研究的工作进行了探讨。     

电阻率技术在混凝土钢筋锈蚀测试中的应用研究

影响混凝土结构耐久性的原因较多,但钢筋锈蚀是最主要原因,它所造成的破坏和损失也是最严重的.目前在钢筋锈蚀检测方面,电阻率检测技术因其设备简单、应用范围广、适合于现场检测而越来越受到人们重视.在分析了混凝土中钢筋的锈蚀机理的基础上,对电阻率检测技术做了详尽的介绍,然后分析了测试过程中的影响因素.并对今后的研究工作进行了探讨.     

混凝土受弯构件中钢筋锈蚀修复方法评价

氯离子侵入而引起的钢筋锈蚀严重影响钢筋混凝土结构的服役寿命,是危害混凝土结构耐久性的重要因素之一。如何阻止氯盐环境下钢筋的继续锈蚀以及采用何种措施对已锈蚀钢筋混凝土构件进行修复受到了广泛关注。采用模糊综合评价法研究了电化学除氯和涂刷迁移性阻锈剂两种修复方法对阻止钢筋继续锈蚀的效果;和未采取修复措施的锈蚀钢筋混凝土受弯构件正截面抗弯承载力进行对比,分析了两种方法的优缺点,结果表明电化学除氯和涂刷迁移性阻锈剂具有相近的修复效果,涂刷阻锈剂方法更易于施工。     

混凝土结构钢筋保护层厚度的理解

介绍混凝土结构中钢筋保护层的作用。根据受力钢筋锚固及混凝土结构耐久性等因素,提出各种情况下混凝土结构中钢筋保护层的最小厚度。     

混凝土中钢筋锈蚀原因分析

针对混凝土中钢筋锈蚀的问题，从有害化学物质的侵蚀、有害气体的侵蚀等方面，阐述了发生锈蚀的原因，并提出了相应的处理方法，以避免该类问题的发生，确保建筑工程质量和使用性能。     

型钢加固混凝土板的试验研究

进行了3根二次成型的组合梁的试验,不同的构件主要区别就是连接方式和剪力连接程度的差异,着重分析了该类构件的破坏形态、荷载—挠度曲线、荷载—应变曲线和沿截面高度方向的应变分布,通过试验研究较好的把握了这种新型组合梁的工作性能和受力特点。